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Nutritional implications of olives and sugar: attenuation of post-prandial glucose spikes in healthy volunteers by inhibition of sucrose hydrolysis and glucose transport by oleuropein.

Abstract：

PURPOSE:The secoiridoid oleuropein, as found in olives and olive leaves, modulates some biomarkers of diabetes risk in vivo. A possible mechanism may be to attenuate sugar digestion and absorption. METHODS:We explored the potential of oleuropein, prepared from olive leaves in a water soluble form (OLE), to inhibit digestive enzymes (α-amylase, maltase, sucrase), and lower [14C(U)]-glucose uptake in Xenopus oocytes expressing human GLUT2 and [14C(U)]-glucose transport across differentiated Caco-2 cell monolayers. We conducted 7 separate crossover, controlled, randomised intervention studies on healthy volunteers (double-blinded and placebo-controlled for the OLE supplement) to assess the effect of OLE on post-prandial blood glucose after consumption of bread, glucose or sucrose. RESULTS:OLE inhibited intestinal maltase, human sucrase, glucose transport across Caco-2 monolayers, and uptake of glucose by GLUT2 in Xenopus oocytes, but was a weak inhibitor of human α-amylase. OLE, in capsules, in solution or as naturally present in olives, did not affect post-prandial glucose derived from bread, while OLE in solution attenuated post-prandial blood glucose after consumption of 25 g sucrose, but had no effect when consumed with 50 g of sucrose or glucose. CONCLUSION:The combined inhibition of sucrase activity and of glucose transport observed in vitro was sufficient to modify digestion of low doses of sucrose in healthy volunteers. In comparison, the weak inhibition of α-amylase by OLE was not enough to modify blood sugar when consumed with a starch-rich food, suggesting that a threshold potency is required for inhibition of digestive enzymes in order to translate into in vivo effects.

journal_name

Eur J Nutr

journal_title

European journal of nutrition

authors

Kerimi A,Nyambe-Silavwe H,Pyner A,Oladele E,Gauer JS,Stevens Y,Williamson G

doi

10.1007/s00394-018-1662-9

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-04-01 00:00:00

pages

1315-1330

issue

eissn

1436-6207

issn

1436-6215

pii

10.1007/s00394-018-1662-9

journal_volume

pub_type

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Nutritional implications of olives and sugar: attenuation of post-prandial glucose spikes in healthy volunteers by inhibition of sucrose hydrolysis and glucose transport by oleuropein.