NTRC-dependent redox balance of 2-Cys peroxiredoxins is needed for optimal function of the photosynthetic apparatus.

abstract：:Particular major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II alleles clearly contribute to T cell-mediated autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) in both humans and nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. However, studies in NOD mice indicate MHC class I-restricted T cell responses are also essential to T1D development. In humans, epid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Marron MP,Graser RT,Chapman HD,Serreze DV

更新日期：2002-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants adapt to alterations in light conditions by controlling their gene expression profiles. Expression of light-inducible genes is transcriptionally induced by transcription factors such as HY5. However, few detailed analyses have been carried out on the control of transcription start sites (TSSs). Of the various w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kurihara Y,Makita Y,Kawashima M,Fujita T,Iwasaki S,Matsui M

更新日期：2018-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorophyll d-producing cyanobacteria are a recently described group of phototrophic bacteria that is a major focus of photosynthesis research, previously known only from marine environments in symbiosis with eukaryotes. We have discovered a free-living member of this group from a eutrophic hypersaline lake. Phylogene...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miller SR,Augustine S,Olson TL,Blankenship RE,Selker J,Wood AM

更新日期：2005-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of pressure up to 175 kilobars on the electronic structure of three ferric hydroxamates and on ferrichrome A has been studied by optical absorption and Mössbauer resonance. The ferric ion was reduced to ferrous ion with pressure, as has been previously observed for various compounds. For the hydroxamates, t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grenoble DC,Drickamer HG

更新日期：1971-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Yeast RNA polymerase II initiation factor e was purified to homogeneity and identified by biochemical criteria as the counterpart of human transcription factor IIB. Factor e was essential for initiation of transcription from yeast and mammalian promoters in a reconstituted yeast transcription system. Activity resided ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tschochner H,Sayre MH,Flanagan PM,Feaver WJ,Kornberg RD

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RecQ helicases are a widely conserved family of ATP-dependent motors with diverse roles in nearly every aspect of bacterial and eukaryotic genome maintenance. However, the physical mechanisms by which RecQ helicases recognize and process specific DNA replication and repair intermediates are largely unknown. Here, we s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pike AC,Gomathinayagam S,Swuec P,Berti M,Zhang Y,Schnecke C,Marino F,von Delft F,Renault L,Costa A,Gileadi O,Vindigni A

更新日期：2015-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Systemic anthrax, caused by inhalation or ingestion of Bacillus anthracis spores, is characterized by rapid microbial growth stages that require iron. Tightly bound and highly regulated in a mammalian host, iron is scarce during an infection. To scavenge iron from its environment, B. anthracis synthesizes by independe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Abergel RJ,Wilson MK,Arceneaux JE,Hoette TM,Strong RK,Byers BR,Raymond KN

更新日期：2006-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a small human Dependovirus whose low immunogenicity and capacity for long-term persistence have led to its widespread use as vector for gene therapy. Despite great recent successes in AAV-based gene therapy, further improvements in vector technology may be hindered by an inadequate unde...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith-Moore S,Neil SJD,Fraefel C,Linden RM,Bollen M,Rowe HM,Henckaerts E

更新日期：2018-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A theory is proposed to study the sensitivity of cylindrical explosives. Using the equations governing the conservation of mass, energy, and momentum, the equation of state, and Newtonian mechanics, we have derived the expression D = D(o)e(-a2/d), in which the apparent length of the reaction zone, a, takes into accoun...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eyring H,Walker FE,Ma SM,Coon N

更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding MeCP2. By binding to methylated CpG dinucleotide promoter regions, MeCP2 acts as a transcriptional repressor, predicting that its absence might result in widespread aberrant gene transcription, leading to the RTT phenotype. C...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matarazzo V,Ronnett GV

更新日期：2004-05-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In his Philosophical Investigations, Wittgenstein famously noted that the formation of semantic representations requires more than a simple combination of verbal and nonverbal features to generate conceptually based similarities and differences. Classical and contemporary neuroscience has tended to focus upon how diff...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lambon Ralph MA,Sage K,Jones RW,Mayberry EJ

更新日期：2010-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Reports of structural differences between the brains of men and women, heterosexual and homosexual men, and male-to-female transsexuals and other men have been offered as evidence that the behavioral differences between these groups are likely caused by differences in the early development of the brain. However, a pos...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cooke BM,Tabibnia G,Breedlove SM

更新日期：1999-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:A cDNA containing the full coding region of human cytochrome b5 was inserted into a vaccinia virus cDNA expression vector. Infection of human thymidine kinase-minus (TK-) 143 cells in culture with this recombinant virus resulted in production of 0.3 nmol of cytochrome b5 per mg of cell lysate protein. The expressed cy...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Aoyama T,Nagata K,Yamazoe Y,Kato R,Matsunaga E,Gelboin HV,Gonzalez FJ

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The conservation of developmental functions exerted by Antp-class homeoproteins in protostomes and deuterostomes suggested that homologs with related functions are present in diploblastic animals. Our phylogenetic analyses showed that Antp-class homeodomains belong either to non-Hox or to Hox/paraHox families. Among t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gauchat D,Mazet F,Berney C,Schummer M,Kreger S,Pawlowski J,Galliot B

更新日期：2000-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Stability of the long noncoding-polyadenylated nuclear (PAN) RNA from Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is conferred by an expression and nuclear retention element (ENE). The ENE protects PAN RNA from a rapid deadenylation-dependent decay pathway via formation of a triple helix between the U-rich internal loop o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brown JA,Valenstein ML,Yario TA,Tycowski KT,Steitz JA

更新日期：2012-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA interference (RNAi) is a widely used method for analysis of gene function in tissue culture cells. However, to date there has been no reliable method for testing the specificity of any particular RNAi experiment. The ideal experiment is to rescue the phenotype by expression of the target gene in a form refractory ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kittler R,Pelletier L,Ma C,Poser I,Fischer S,Hyman AA,Buchholz F

更新日期：2005-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Sublethal insults can induce tolerance to subsequent stressors in neurons. As cell death activators such as ROS generation and decreased ATP can initiate tolerance, we tested whether other cellular elements normally associated with neuronal injury could add to this process. In an in vivo model of ischemic tolerance, w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McLaughlin B,Hartnett KA,Erhardt JA,Legos JJ,White RF,Barone FC,Aizenman E

更新日期：2003-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV protease inhibitors are a key component of anti-retroviral therapy, but their susceptibility to cytochrome P(450) metabolism reduces their systemic availability and necessitates repetitive dosing. Importantly, failure to maintain adequate inhibitor levels is believed to provide an opportunity for resistance to eme...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Marinec PS,Chen L,Barr KJ,Mutz MW,Crabtree GR,Gestwicki JE

更新日期：2009-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The self-association of Toll/interleukin-1 receptor/resistance protein (TIR) domains has been implicated in signaling in plant and animal immunity receptors. Structure-based studies identified different TIR-domain dimerization interfaces required for signaling of the plant nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-lik...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang X,Bernoux M,Bentham AR,Newman TE,Ve T,Casey LW,Raaymakers TM,Hu J,Croll TI,Schreiber KJ,Staskawicz BJ,Anderson PA,Sohn KH,Williams SJ,Dodds PN,Kobe B

更新日期：2017-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Phospholamban (PLN) is an effective inhibitor of the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA). Here, we examined PLN stability and degradation in primary cultured mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes (CMNCs) and mouse hearts using immunoblotting, molecular imaging, and [(35)S]methionine pulse-chase experiments, tog...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Teng AC,Miyake T,Yokoe S,Zhang L,Rezende LM Jr,Sharma P,MacLennan DH,Liu PP,Gramolini AO

更新日期：2015-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Antigen receptor-stimulated cell death of developing, immature T cells plays an important role in shaping the repertoire of antigens to which mature T cells will respond, but a role for receptor-stimulated death in controlling responses of mature T cells is controversial. Mutant lpr/lpr mice exhibit an autoimmune synd...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Russell JH,Rush B,Weaver C,Wang R

更新日期：1993-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Acquired immunity to Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) has long been assumed to depend on the presence of anticapsular antibodies. We found, however, that colonization with live pneumococci of serotypes 6B, 7F, or 14 protected mice against recolonization by any of the serotypes and that protection from acquisiti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Malley R,Trzcinski K,Srivastava A,Thompson CM,Anderson PW,Lipsitch M

更新日期：2005-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Listeriolysin O (LLO) is a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin that is an essential virulence factor of Listeria monocytogenes. LLO pore-forming activity is pH-dependent; it is active at acidic pH (<6), but not at neutral pH. In contrast to other pH-dependent toxins, we have determined that LLO pore-forming activity is co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schuerch DW,Wilson-Kubalek EM,Tweten RK

更新日期：2005-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the importance of tryptophan (Trp) radicals in biology, very few radicals have been trapped and characterized in a physiologically meaningful context. Here we demonstrate that the diheme enzyme MauG uses Trp radical chemistry to catalyze formation of a Trp-derived tryptophan tryptophylquinone cofactor on its s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yukl ET,Liu F,Krzystek J,Shin S,Jensen LM,Davidson VL,Wilmot CM,Liu A

更新日期：2013-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The vacuolar (H(+))-ATPases (V-ATPases) are ATP-dependent proton pumps that acidify intracellular compartments and pump protons across specialized plasma membranes. Proton translocation occurs through the integral V(0) domain, which contains five different subunits (a, d, c, c', and c"). Proton transport is critically...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kawasaki-Nishi S,Nishi T,Forgac M

更新日期：2001-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Picomole amounts of oligodeoxynucleotides [polydeoxyadenylic acids, (dA)40-60] were baseline resolved and analyzed in less than 8 min by high-performance capillary electrophoresis with polyacrylamide gels. In addition, fast analysis of a crude 70-mer oligodeoxynucleotide and a slab gel-purified 99-mer oligodeoxynucleo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cohen AS,Najarian DR,Paulus A,Guttman A,Smith JA,Karger BL

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many and diverse modifications of the myosin subfragment 1 (S-1) increase (modulate) its ATPase activity, including interaction of this particle with actin; a recent addition to these modifications is the extensive lysine modification of S-1 that seems prerequisite to crystallizing it for structure analysis. In this s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bivin DB,Ue K,Khoroshev M,Morales M

更新日期：1994-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The vulval development of Caenorhabditis elegans provides an opportunity to investigate genetic networks that control gene expression during organogenesis. During the fourth larval stage (L4), seven vulval cell types are produced, each of which executes a distinct gene expression program. We analyze how the expression...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Inoue T,Wang M,Ririe TO,Fernandes JS,Sternberg PW

更新日期：2005-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Na+ channels in chick brain and heart have been directly compared by measuring binding of tritium-labeled saxitoxin ([3H]STX) to the two tissues under identical conditions. Maximum saturable uptake and toxin affinity were considerably less in chick heart than in chick brain, requiring the development of an assay metho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rogart RB,Regan LJ,Dziekan LC,Galper JB

更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kdo (3-deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid) is an eight-carbon sugar mostly confined to Gram-negative bacteria. It is often involved in attaching surface polysaccharides to their lipid anchors. α-Kdo provides a bridge between lipid A and the core oligosaccharide in all bacterial LPSs, whereas an oligosaccharide of β-Kdo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ovchinnikova OG,Mallette E,Koizumi A,Lowary TL,Kimber MS,Whitfield C

更新日期：2016-05-31 00:00:00