Abstract:
:Na+ channels in chick brain and heart have been directly compared by measuring binding of tritium-labeled saxitoxin ([3H]STX) to the two tissues under identical conditions. Maximum saturable uptake and toxin affinity were considerably less in chick heart than in chick brain, requiring the development of an assay method to resolve specific [3H]STX uptake in heart. With this method, binding to both preparations consisted of a specific saturable component and a linear nonspecific component. The equilibrium dissociation constant for [3H]STX measured in chick heart (6.2-8.8 nM) was 20-30 times higher than that measured in chick brain (0.3 nM). The dissociation rate for [3H]STX was only about twice as fast in heart as it was in brain, indicating that the decrease in toxin affinity in heart results predominantly from a slowed toxin association rate. The decreased affinity for [3H]STX found at the chick heart Na+ channel is compared with toxin-resistant Na+ channels in other preparations. The existence of two Na+ channel subtypes is proposed, with high affinity and low affinity for saxitoxin and tetrodotoxin; the significance of this classification is discussed.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Rogart RB,Regan LJ,Dziekan LC,Galper JBdoi
10.1073/pnas.80.4.1106subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-02-01 00:00:00pages
1106-10issue
4eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
80pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Prochlorococcus marinus CCMP 1375, a ubiquitous and ecologically important marine prochlorophyte, was bound to possess functional genes coding for the alpha and beta subunits of a phycobiliprotein. The latter is similar to phycoerythrins (PE) from marine Synechococcus cyanobacteria and bind a phycourobilin-like pigmen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.20.11126
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The generation of diverse neuronal types and subtypes from multipotent progenitors during development is crucial for assembling functional neural circuits in the adult central nervous system. During mouse retinogenesis, early retinal progenitors give rise to several cell types, including ganglion, amacrine, horizontal...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1115767109
更新日期:2012-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Capsaicin (CP), the pungent component of chili pepper, acts on sensory neurons to convey the sensation of pain. The CP receptor, vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1), has been shown to be highly expressed by nociceptive neurons in dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia. We demonstrate here that the dendritic cell (DC), a key cell t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0407780102
更新日期:2005-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::During cell division, the mitotic spindle segregates the sister chromatids into two nascent cells, such that each daughter cell inherits one complete set of chromosomes. Errors in spindle formation can result in both chromosome missegregation and cytokinesis defects and hence lead to genomic instability. To ensure the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0507066103
更新日期:2006-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::The protein CopC from Pseudomonas syringae has been found capable of binding copper(I) and copper(II) at two different sites, occupied either one at a time or simultaneously. The protein, consisting of 102 amino acids, is known to bind copper(II) in a position that is now found consistent with a coordination arrangeme...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0636904100
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conventional markets can underprovide ecosystem services. Deliberate creation of a market for ecosystem services [e.g., a payments for ecosystem services (PES) scheme] can close the gap. The new ecosystem service market alters behaviors and quantities of ecosystem service provided and reveals prices for the ecosystems...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1802883116
更新日期:2019-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::Several gene fusions have been constructed in which coding sequences for antigenic regions of the pre-S sequences of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis B surface antigen, and the envelope protein of human immunodeficiency virus were linked to the 3' end of that for the first 144 residues of hepatitis B core antigen. The seq...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.16.6283
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theory suggests evolutionary change can significantly influence and act in tandem with ecological forces via ecological-evolutionary feedbacks. This theory assumes that significant evolutionary change occurs over ecologically relevant timescales and that phenotypes have differential effects on the environment. Here we...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0908023107
更新日期:2010-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::Irrigation of the dog's oxyntic glandular mucosa contained in a chronically prepared, vagally denervated, separated pouch of the dog's stomach with a solution (0.5 mg ml-1) of lyophilized venom of the hooded cobra (Naja naja) increases the permeability of the mucosa. If irrigation with venom solution is repeated at we...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.3.968
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hepatic uptake of cholephilic organic anions is a carrier-mediated process. Three distinct proteins [bilitranslocase (BTL), sulfobromophthalein (BSP)/bilirubin-binding protein (BBBP), and organic anion-binding protein] have been isolated from the basolateral plasma-membrane domain of the hepatocyte. To investigate...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.17.8136
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A protein-free nucleic acid preparation method for electron microscopy is described. The basic procedure is very similar to the classical protein monolayer spreading techniques. The carrier protein (usually cytochrome c) is replaced by benzyldimethylalkylammonium chloride. Both the hypophase method and the microdiffus...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.1.83
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the importance of Mg(2+) for numerous cellular activities, the mechanisms underlying its import and homeostasis are poorly understood. The CorA family is ubiquitous and is primarily responsible for Mg(2+) transport. However, the key questions-such as, the ion selectivity, the transport pathway, and the gating ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1210076109
更新日期:2012-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::The problem of demonstrating hemoglobin binding to the erythrocyte membrane in intact cells was approached by observing the quenching of fluorescent membrane probes by hemoglobin as a function of pH. This quenching was studied by measuring fluorescence intensities and decay rates of membrane-bound donors by both right...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.79.2.408
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A codon-optimized mouse LINE-1 element, ORFeus, exhibits dramatically higher retrotransposition frequencies compared with its native long interspersed element 1 counterpart. To establish a retrotransposon-mediated mouse model with regulatable and potent mutagenic capabilities, we generated a tetracycline (tet)-regulat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1302504110
更新日期:2013-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::Lymphatic vessel growth or lymphangiogenesis occurs during embryonic development and wound healing and plays an important role in tumor metastasis and inflammatory diseases. However, the possibility of noninvasive detection and quantification of lymphangiogenesis has been lacking. Here, we present the Vegfr3(EGFPLuc) ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1115542109
更新日期:2012-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription initiation in eukaryotes is controlled by nucleoprotein complexes formed through cooperative interactions among multiple transcription regulatory proteins. These complexes may be assembled via stochastic collisions or defined pathways. We investigated the dynamics of Fos-Jun-NFAT1 complexes by using a mu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.091095998
更新日期:2001-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::A model of the photochemical apparatus of photosynthesis, presented previously in a tripartite format, is used in a bipartite format to analyze energy transfer between photosystem II units. The model is used to develop analytical expressions for the photochemical properties of chloroplasts that include a term for the ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.8.4697
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Morphine is one of the most prescribed and effective drugs used for the treatment of acute and chronic pain conditions. In addition to its central effects, morphine can also produce peripheral analgesia. However, the mechanisms underlying this peripheral action of morphine have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0914733107
更新日期:2010-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::We have identified two chromosomal genes of Escherichia coli K12 that are required for the expression of conjugative plasmid functions in the presence of normal plasmid DNA. Hfr cells with mutations in both of these genes are resistant to donor-specific bacteriophage and defective as conjugal donors. These characteris...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.1.513
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies with fibroblasts have shown that peptidylhydroxyproline formation begins toward the end of the log phase of growth and is an expression of the activity of the enzyme, collagen proline hydroxylase, which increase in late log-phase cells. This communication reports a two- to fivefold increase in hydroxyla...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.66.2.552
更新日期:1970-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone mineralization is an essential step during the embryonic development of vertebrates, and bone serves vital functions in human physiology. To systematically identify unique gene functions essential for osteogenesis, we performed a forward genetic screen in zebrafish and isolated a mutant, no bone (nob), that does ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1214231110
更新日期:2012-12-26 00:00:00
abstract::mTOR is an evolutionarily conserved kinase that plays a critical role in sensing and responding to environmental determinants. Recent studies have shown that fine-tuning of the activity of mTOR complexes contributes to organogenesis and tumorigenesis. Although rapamycin, an allosteric mTOR inhibitor, is an effective i...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1320265111
更新日期:2014-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::The substrate specificity of thermophilic xylose isomerase from Clostridium thermosulfurogenes was examined by using predictions from the known crystal structure of the Arthrobacter enzyme and site-directed mutagenesis of the thermophile xylA gene. The orientation of glucose as a substrate in the active site of the th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.9.4015
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Drosophila, P-element transposition causes mutagenesis and genome instability during hybrid dysgenesis. The P-element 31-bp terminal inverted repeats (TIRs) contain sequences essential for transposase cleavage and have been implicated in DNA repair via protein-DNA interactions with cellular proteins. The identity a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1613508113
更新日期:2016-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Unconscious neural activity has been repeatedly shown to precede and potentially even influence subsequent free decisions. However, to date, such findings have been mostly restricted to simple motor choices, and despite considerable debate, there is no evidence that the outcome of more complex free decisions can be pr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1212218110
更新日期:2013-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of p53 tumor suppressor by antagonizing its negative regulator murine double minute (MDM)2 has been considered an attractive strategy for cancer therapy and several classes of p53-MDM2 binding inhibitors have been developed. However, these compounds do not inhibit the p53-MDMX interaction, and their effecti...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1203789109
更新日期:2012-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::Electron spectroscopic imaging, a new technique that permits the quantitative detection of the spatial distributions of atomic elements at high resolution, has been applied to the epiphyseal zone of hypertrophy in the mouse for the visualization of calcium, phosphorus, and sulfur. Longitudinally sectioned epiphyseal g...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.5.1322
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examines the binding and postbinding cellular processing and recycling of the V1 arginine vasopressin (AVP) receptor in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The surface binding of AVP to VSMCs was temperature dependent and reached equilibrium within 60 min at 4 degrees C. Displacement studi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.7.2854
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mutations in either of two unlinked genes, RAM1 or RAM2, abolish the farnesyltransferase activity responsible for prenylation of Ras proteins and the a-factor mating pheromone. Here we report that the function of RAM1 and RAM2 genes is required for the membrane localization of Ra...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.24.11373
更新日期:1991-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Acquired immunity to Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) has long been assumed to depend on the presence of anticapsular antibodies. We found, however, that colonization with live pneumococci of serotypes 6B, 7F, or 14 protected mice against recolonization by any of the serotypes and that protection from acquisiti...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0501254102
更新日期:2005-03-29 00:00:00