Linear ubiquitin chains: enzymes, mechanisms and biology.

abstract：:Cancer cells undergo many different alterations during their transformation, including genetic and epigenetic events. The controlled division of healthy cells can be impaired through the downregulation of tumour suppressor genes. Here, we provide an update of the mechanisms in which epigenetically altered coding and n...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Llinàs-Arias P,Esteller M

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RANKL (receptor-activator of NF-κB ligand, TNFSF11) is a member of the TNF superfamily that regulates bone remodelling and the development of the thymus, lymph nodes and mammary glands. While RANKL and its membrane bound receptor RANK (TNFRSF11A) are expressed in the adult central nervous system and have been implicat...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Gutierrez H,Kisiswa L,O'Keeffe GW,Smithen MJ,Wyatt S,Davies AM

更新日期：2013-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the predominant serum immunoglobulin and has the longest serum half-life of all the antibody classes. The European rabbit IgG has been of significant importance in immunological research, and is therefore well characterized. However, the IgG of other leporids has been disregarded. To evaluate...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Pinheiro A,Woof JM,Almeida T,Abrantes J,Alves PC,Gortázar C,Esteves PJ

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian embryonic diapause is a phenomenon defined by the temporary arrest in blastocyst growth and metabolic activity within the uterus which synchronously becomes quiescent to blastocyst activation and implantation. This reproductive strategy temporally uncouples conception from parturition until environmental or ...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Cha J,Sun X,Bartos A,Fenelon J,Lefèvre P,Daikoku T,Shaw G,Maxson R,Murphy BD,Renfree MB,Dey SK

更新日期：2013-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The range of biological outcomes generated by many signalling proteins in development and homeostasis is increased by their interactions with glycosaminoglycans, particularly heparan sulfate (HS). This interaction controls the localization and movement of these signalling proteins, but whether such control depends on ...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Sun C,Marcello M,Li Y,Mason D,Lévy R,Fernig DG

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ThyX is an essential thymidylate synthase that is mechanistically and structurally unrelated to the functionally analogous human enzyme, thus providing means for selective inhibition of bacterial growth. To identify novel compounds with anti-bacterial activity against the human pathogenic bacterium Helicobacter pylori...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Skouloubris S,Djaout K,Lamarre I,Lambry JC,Anger K,Briffotaux J,Liebl U,de Reuse H,Myllykallio H

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most animals have separate sexes. The differential expression of gene products, in particular that of gene regulators, is underlying sexual dimorphism. Analyses of sex-biased expression have focused mostly on protein-coding genes. Several lines of evidence indicate that microRNAs, a class of major gene regulators, are...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Marco A

更新日期：2014-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The innate immune response is the first line of defence against infection. Germ-line-encoded receptors recognize conserved molecular motifs from both exogenous and endogenous sources. Receptor activation results in the initiation of a pro-inflammatory immune response that enables the resolution of infection. Understan...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Bryant CE,Monie TP

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA interference (RNAi) in insects is routinely used to ascertain gene function, but also has potential as a technology to control pest species. For some insects, such as beetles, ingestion of small quantities of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is able to knock down a targeted gene's expression. However, in other species,...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Tayler A,Heschuk D,Giesbrecht D,Park JY,Whyard S

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The conserved Hedgehog (HH) signals control animal development, adult stem cell maintenance and oncogenesis. In Drosophila, the HH co-receptor Patched (PTC) controls both HH gradient formation and signalling. PTC is post-translationally downregulated by HH, which promotes its endocytosis and destabilization, but the m...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Brigui A,Hofmann L,Argüelles C,Sanial M,Holmgren RA,Plessis A

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years pleiotropy, the phenomenon of one genetic locus influencing several traits, has become a widely researched field in human genetics. With the increasing availability of genome-wide association study summary statistics, as well as the establishment of deeply phenotyped sample collections, it is now possi...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Hackinger S,Zeggini E

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Parkinson's disease (PD) gene, PARK6, encodes the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) mitochondrial kinase, which provides protection against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Given the link between glucose metabolism, mitochondrial function and insulin secretion in β-cells, and the reported association of PD...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Deas E,Piipari K,Machhada A,Li A,Gutierrez-del-Arroyo A,Withers DJ,Wood NW,Abramov AY

更新日期：2014-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We here address the question of whether there is any correlation between subjective preference for simple configurations within a specific visual domain such as motion and strength of activity in visual areas in which that domain is emphasized. We prepared several distinctive patterns of dots in motion with various ch...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Zeki S,Stutters J

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heterochromatin plays important roles in eukaryotic genome regulation. However, the repressive nature of heterochromatin combined with its propensity to self-propagate necessitates robust mechanisms to contain heterochromatin within defined boundaries and thus prevent silencing of expressed genes. Here we show that lo...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Verrier L,Taglini F,Barrales RR,Webb S,Urano T,Braun S,Bayne EH

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:AKTIP is a shelterin-interacting protein required for replication of telomeric DNA. Here, we show that AKTIP biochemically interacts with A- and B-type lamins and affects lamin A, but not lamin C or B, expression. In interphase cells, AKTIP localizes at the nuclear rim and in discrete regions of the nucleoplasm just l...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Burla R,Carcuro M,Torre ML,Fratini F,Crescenzi M,D'Apice MR,Spitalieri P,Raffa GD,Astrologo L,Lattanzi G,Cundari E,Raimondo D,Biroccio A,Gatti M,Saggio I

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent findings have highlighted the role of the Old World alphavirus non-structural protein 3 (nsP3) as a host defence modulator that functions by disrupting stress granules, subcellular phase-dense RNA/protein structures formed upon environmental stress. This disruption mechanism was largely explained through nsP3-m...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Schulte T,Liu L,Panas MD,Thaa B,Dickson N,Götte B,Achour A,McInerney GM

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reproductive behaviour is important for animals to keep their species existing on Earth. A key question is how to generate more and healthier progenies by choosing optimal mates. In Drosophila melanogaster, males use multiple sensory cues, including vision, olfaction and gustation, to achieve reproductive success. The...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Zhuang L,Sun Y,Hu M,Wu C,La X,Chen X,Feng Y,Wang X,Hu Y,Xue L

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In unicellular bacteria, the ParA and ParB proteins segregate chromosomes and coordinate this process with cell division and chromosome replication. During sporulation of mycelial Streptomyces, ParA and ParB uniformly distribute multiple chromosomes along the filamentous sporogenic hyphal compartment, which then diffe...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Donczew M,Mackiewicz P,Wróbel A,Flärdh K,Zakrzewska-Czerwińska J,Jakimowicz D

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the pars compacta of the substantia nigra and accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins in aggregates called Lewy bodies. Several mutated genes have been found in familial PD patients, including SNCA (α-synuclein), PARK2 (parkin), PINK...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Im E,Yoo L,Hyun M,Shin WH,Chung KC

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Disruption of the enzymatic activities of the transcription factor TFIIH by the small molecules Triptolide (TPL) or THZ1 could be used against cancer. Here, we used the MCF10A-ErSrc oncogenesis model to compare the effect of TFIIH inhibitors between transformed cells and their progenitors. We report that tumour cells ...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Uriostegui-Arcos M,Aguayo-Ortiz R,Valencia-Morales MDP,Melchy-Pérez E,Rosenstein Y,Dominguez L,Zurita M

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gating of AMPA- and kainate-selective ionotropic glutamate receptors can be defined in terms of ligand affinity, efficacy and the rate and extent of desensitization. Crucial insights into all three elements have come from structural studies of the ligand-binding domain (LBD). In particular, binding-cleft closure is as...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Nayeem N,Mayans O,Green T

更新日期：2013-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The kinetochore is a complex structure whose function is absolutely essential. Unlike the centromere, the kinetochore at first appeared remarkably well conserved from yeast to humans, especially the microtubule-binding outer kinetochore. However, recent efforts towards biochemical reconstitution of diverse kinetochore...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Hamilton GE,Davis TN

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pseudomonas aeruginosa are noscomially acquired, opportunistic pathogens that pose a major threat to the health of burns patients and the immunocompromised. We sequenced the genomes of P. aeruginosa isolates RNS_PA1, RNS_PA46 and RNS_PAE05, which displayed resistance to almost all frontline antibiotics, including gent...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Roy Chowdhury P,Scott M,Worden P,Huntington P,Hudson B,Karagiannis T,Charles IG,Djordjevic SP

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hsp70 chaperones interact with substrate proteins in a coordinated fashion that is regulated by nucleotides and enhanced by assisting cochaperones. There are numerous homologues and isoforms of Hsp70 that participate in a wide variety of cellular functions. This diversity can facilitate adaption or specialization base...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Larburu N,Adams CJ,Chen CS,Nowak PR,Ali MMU

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current ageing theories are far from satisfactory because of the many determinants involved in ageing. The well-known rate-of-living theory assumes that the product (lifetime energy expenditure, LEE) of maximum lifespan (MLS) and mass-specific basal metabolic rate (msBMR) is approximately constant. Although this theor...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Kitazoe Y,Hasegawa M,Tanaka M,Futami M,Futami J

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Membrane-associated histidine kinases (HKs) in two-component systems respond to environmental stimuli by autophosphorylation and phospho-transfer. HK typically contains a periplasmic sensor domain that regulates the cytoplasmic kinase domain through a conserved cytoplasmic linker. How signal is transduced from the lig...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Liu J,Yang J,Wen J,Yang Y,Wei X,Zhang X,Wang YP

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammals, the testis-specific bromodomain and extra terminal (BET) protein BRDT is essential for spermatogenesis. In Drosophila, it was recently reported that the tBRD-1 protein is similarly required for male fertility. Interestingly, however, tBRD-1 has two conserved bromodomains in its N-terminus but it lacks an e...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Kimura S,Loppin B

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although systemic or local inflammation, commonly featured by cytokine activation, is implicated in patients with bone loss, the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. As microRNAs (miR), a class of small non-coding RNAs involved in essential physiological processes, have been found in bone cells, we aimed to invest...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Wang N,Zhou Z,Wu T,Liu W,Yin P,Pan C,Yu X

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genomic regions with repeated sequences are unstable and prone to rapid DNA diversification. However, the role of tandem repeats within the coding region is not fully characterized. Here, we have identified a new hypervariable C-type lectin gene family with different numbers of tandem repeats (Rlecs; R means repeat) i...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Huang Y,Huang X,Zhou X,Wang J,Zhang R,Ma F,Wang K,Zhang Z,Dai X,Cao X,Zhang C,Han K,Ren Q

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the first cell-fate decision of mouse preimplantation embryo development, a population of outer-residing polar cells is segregated from a second population of inner apolar cells to form two distinct cell lineages: the trophectoderm and the inner cell mass (ICM), respectively. Historically, two models have been ...

journal_title：Open biology

authors： Mihajlović AI,Bruce AW

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00