Abstract:
:RANKL (receptor-activator of NF-κB ligand, TNFSF11) is a member of the TNF superfamily that regulates bone remodelling and the development of the thymus, lymph nodes and mammary glands. While RANKL and its membrane bound receptor RANK (TNFRSF11A) are expressed in the adult central nervous system and have been implicated in thermoregulation, the potential function of RANK signalling in the developing nervous system remains unexplored. Here, we show that RANK is expressed by sympathetic and sensory neurons of the developing mouse peripheral nervous system and that activating RANK signalling in these neurons during perinatal development by either treating cultured neurons with soluble RANKL or overexpressing RANK in the neurons inhibited neurotrophin-promoted neurite growth without affecting neurotrophin-promoted neuronal survival. RANKL is expressed in tissues innervated by these neurons, and studies in compartment cultures demonstrated that RANKL is capable of acting directly on neurites to inhibit growth locally. Enhancing RANK signalling in cultured neurons resulted in NF-κB activation and phosphorylation of the p65 NF-κB subunit on serine 536. Transfecting neurons with a series of mutated signalling proteins showed that NF-κB activation and p65 phosphorylation occurred by an IKKβ-dependent mechanism and that blockade of this signalling pathway prevented neurite growth inhibition by RANKL. These findings reveal that RANKL is a novel negative regulator of neurite growth from developing PNS neurons and that it exerts its effects by IKKβ-dependent activation of NF-κB.
journal_name
Open Bioljournal_title
Open biologyauthors
Gutierrez H,Kisiswa L,O'Keeffe GW,Smithen MJ,Wyatt S,Davies AMdoi
10.1098/rsob.120150subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-01-08 00:00:00pages
120150issue
1issn
2046-2441pii
rsob.120150journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
Open Biology文献大全abstract::In most animals, the bulk of sperm DNA is packaged with sperm nuclear basic proteins (SNBPs), a diverse group of highly basic chromosomal proteins notably comprising mammalian protamines. The replacement of histones with SNBPs during spermiogenesis allows sperm DNA to reach an extreme level of compaction, but little i...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.160207
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer cells undergo many different alterations during their transformation, including genetic and epigenetic events. The controlled division of healthy cells can be impaired through the downregulation of tumour suppressor genes. Here, we provide an update of the mechanisms in which epigenetically altered coding and n...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsob.170152
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gene expression programmes driving cell identity are established by tightly regulated transcription factors that auto- and cross-regulate in a feed-forward manner, forming core regulatory circuitries (CRCs). CRC transcription factors create and engage super-enhancers by recruiting acetylation writers depositing permis...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.200121
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most animals have separate sexes. The differential expression of gene products, in particular that of gene regulators, is underlying sexual dimorphism. Analyses of sex-biased expression have focused mostly on protein-coding genes. Several lines of evidence indicate that microRNAs, a class of major gene regulators, are...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.140024
更新日期:2014-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::DNA methylation has been investigated for many years, but recent technologies have allowed for single-cell- and single-base-resolution DNA methylation datasets and more accurate assessment of DNA methylation dynamics at the key genomic regions that regulate gene expression in human early embryonic development. In this...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.180131
更新日期:2018-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of foetal DNA in the plasma of pregnant women has opened up new possibilities for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis. The use of circulating foetal DNA for the non-invasive prenatal detection of foetal chromosomal aneuploidies is challenging as foetal DNA represents a minor fraction of maternal plasma DNA. I...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.120086
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteocytes secrete the glycoprotein sclerostin to inhibit bone formation by osteoblasts, but how sclerostin production is regulated in osteocytes remains unclear. Here, we show that tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1) in osteocytes promotes sclerostin secretion through inhibition of mechanistic target of rapamycin com...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.180262
更新日期:2019-05-31 00:00:00
abstract::The structures of F-ATPases have been determined predominantly with mitochondrial enzymes, but hitherto no F-ATPase has been crystallized intact. A high-resolution model of the bovine enzyme built up from separate sub-structures determined by X-ray crystallography contains about 85% of the entire complex, but it lacks...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.150119
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The urine of bank voles (Myodes glareolus) contains substantial quantities of a small protein that is expressed at much higher levels in males than females, and at higher levels in males in the breeding season. This protein was purified and completely sequenced at the protein level by mass spectrometry. Leucine/isoleu...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.170135
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synaptic vesicle exocytosis relies on the tethering of release ready vesicles close to voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and specific lipids at the future site of fusion. This enables rapid and efficient neurotransmitter secretion during presynaptic depolarization by an action potential. Extensive research has revealed that...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsob.170258
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteins adopt defined structures and are crucial to most cellular functions. Their misfolding and aggregation is associated with numerous degenerative human disorders such as type II diabetes, Huntington's or Alzheimer's diseases. Here, we aim to understand why cells promote the formation of protein foci. Comparison ...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.140221
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In eukaryotic cells, about one-third of the synthesized proteins are translocated into the endoplasmic reticulum; they are membrane or lumen resident proteins and proteins direct to the Golgi apparatus. The co-translational translocation takes place through the heterotrimeric protein-conducting channel Sec61 which is ...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.190244
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the first cell-fate decision of mouse preimplantation embryo development, a population of outer-residing polar cells is segregated from a second population of inner apolar cells to form two distinct cell lineages: the trophectoderm and the inner cell mass (ICM), respectively. Historically, two models have been ...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsob.170210
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myzozoans (which include dinoflagellates, chromerids and apicomplexans) display notable divergence from their ciliate sister group, including a reduced mitochondrial genome and divergent metabolic processes. The factors contributing to these divergent processes are still poorly understood and could serve as potential ...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.160034
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is the predominant serum immunoglobulin and has the longest serum half-life of all the antibody classes. The European rabbit IgG has been of significant importance in immunological research, and is therefore well characterized. However, the IgG of other leporids has been disregarded. To evaluate...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.140088
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::How a single genome can give rise to distinct cell types remains a fundamental question in biology. Mammals are able to specify and maintain hundreds of cell fates by selectively activating unique subsets of their genome. This is achieved, in part, by enhancers-genetic elements that can increase transcription of both ...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.200255
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetochore is a complex structure whose function is absolutely essential. Unlike the centromere, the kinetochore at first appeared remarkably well conserved from yeast to humans, especially the microtubule-binding outer kinetochore. However, recent efforts towards biochemical reconstitution of diverse kinetochore...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.200284
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reproductive behaviour is important for animals to keep their species existing on Earth. A key question is how to generate more and healthier progenies by choosing optimal mates. In Drosophila melanogaster, males use multiple sensory cues, including vision, olfaction and gustation, to achieve reproductive success. The...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.160086
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) reverse the ubiquitylation of target proteins, thereby regulating diverse cellular functions. In contrast to the plethora of research being conducted on the ability of DUBs to counter the degradation of cellular proteins or auto-ubiquitylated E3 ligases, very little is known about the m...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsob.170016
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The innate immune response is the first line of defence against infection. Germ-line-encoded receptors recognize conserved molecular motifs from both exogenous and endogenous sources. Receptor activation results in the initiation of a pro-inflammatory immune response that enables the resolution of infection. Understan...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsob.120015
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute nociceptive pain is an undesirable feeling but has a physiological significance as a warning system for living organisms. Conversely, chronic pain is lacking physiological significance, but rather represents a confusion of nerve functions. The neuropathic pain that occurs after peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is p...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsob.180154
更新日期:2018-11-28 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer is considered a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells and is propelled by somatic mutations. Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3) family of enzymes are endogenous sources of somatic mutations found in multiple human cancers. Wh...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.200188
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutation in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) leads to an aberrant function of the enzyme, leading to the production of hydroxyglutarate, as well as changes in cellular metabolism, DNA methylation and histone modification. Previous studies uncovered mutations in IDH1 in several malignancies, with the most frequent mutati...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.180086
更新日期:2018-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::Pigment-Dispersing Factor (PDF) is an important neuropeptide in the brain circadian network of Drosophila and other insects, but its role in bees in which the circadian clock influences complex behaviour is not well understood. We combined high-resolution neuroanatomical characterizations, quantification of PDF levels...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.170224
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian embryonic diapause is a phenomenon defined by the temporary arrest in blastocyst growth and metabolic activity within the uterus which synchronously becomes quiescent to blastocyst activation and implantation. This reproductive strategy temporally uncouples conception from parturition until environmental or ...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.130035
更新日期:2013-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas aeruginosa are noscomially acquired, opportunistic pathogens that pose a major threat to the health of burns patients and the immunocompromised. We sequenced the genomes of P. aeruginosa isolates RNS_PA1, RNS_PA46 and RNS_PAE05, which displayed resistance to almost all frontline antibiotics, including gent...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.150175
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gating of AMPA- and kainate-selective ionotropic glutamate receptors can be defined in terms of ligand affinity, efficacy and the rate and extent of desensitization. Crucial insights into all three elements have come from structural studies of the ligand-binding domain (LBD). In particular, binding-cleft closure is as...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.130051
更新日期:2013-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Discovered in 1991 in a screen for genes involved in spindle pole body duplication, the monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1) kinase has since claimed a central role in processes that ensure error-free chromosome segregation. As a result, Mps1 kinase activity has become an attractive candidate for pharmaceutical companies in the...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsob.180109
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following thymic output, αβ⁺CD4⁺ T cells become activated in the periphery when they encounter peptide-major histocompatibility complex. A combination of cytokine and co-stimulatory signals instructs the differentiation of T cells into various lineages and subsequent expansion and contraction during an appropriate and...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1098/rsob.120157
更新日期:2013-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::AKTIP is a shelterin-interacting protein required for replication of telomeric DNA. Here, we show that AKTIP biochemically interacts with A- and B-type lamins and affects lamin A, but not lamin C or B, expression. In interphase cells, AKTIP localizes at the nuclear rim and in discrete regions of the nucleoplasm just l...
journal_title:Open biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1098/rsob.160103
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00