Abstract：
:The molecular transducers of benefits from different exercise modalities remain incompletely defined. Here we report that 12 weeks of high-intensity aerobic interval (HIIT), resistance (RT), and combined exercise training enhanced insulin sensitivity and lean mass, but only HIIT and combined training improved aerobic capacity and skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration. HIIT revealed a more robust increase in gene transcripts than other exercise modalities, particularly in older adults, although little overlap with corresponding individual protein abundance was noted. HIIT reversed many age-related differences in the proteome, particularly of mitochondrial proteins in concert with increased mitochondrial protein synthesis. Both RT and HIIT enhanced proteins involved in translational machinery irrespective of age. Only small changes of methylation of DNA promoter regions were observed. We provide evidence for predominant exercise regulation at the translational level, enhancing translational capacity and proteome abundance to explain phenotypic gains in muscle mitochondrial function and hypertrophy in all ages.
journal_name
Cell Metabjournal_title
Cell metabolismauthors
Robinson MM,Dasari S,Konopka AR,Johnson ML,Manjunatha S,Esponda RR,Carter RE,Lanza IR,Nair KSdoi
10.1016/j.cmet.2017.02.009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-03-07 00:00:00pages
581-592issue
3eissn
1550-4131issn
1932-7420pii
S1550-4131(17)30099-2journal_volume
25pub_type
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