Abstract:
:Pervasive environmental stressors on coral reefs are attributed with shifting the competitive balance in favor of alternative dominants, such as macroalgae. Previous studies have demonstrated that macroalgae compete with corals via a number of mechanisms, including the production of potent primary and secondary metabolites that can influence coral-associated microbial communities. The present study investigates the effects of the Pacific brown macroalga Lobophora sp. (due to the shifting nature of the Lobophora species complex, it will be referred to here as Lobophora sp.) on coral bacterial isolates, coral larvae, and the microbiome associated with the coral Porites cylindrica. Crude aqueous and organic macroalgal extracts were found to inhibit the growth of coral-associated bacteria. Extracts and fractions were also shown to inhibit coral larval settlement and cause mortality at concentrations lower (<0.3 mg · ml-1) than calculated natural concentrations (4.4 mg · ml-1). Microbial communities associated with coral tissues exposed to aqueous (e.g., hydrophilic) crude extracts demonstrated a significant shift to Vibrio dominance and a loss of sequences related to the putative coral bacterial symbiont, Endozoicomonas sp., based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. This study contributes to growing evidence that macroalgal allelochemicals, dissolved organic material, and native macroalgal microbial assemblages all play a role in shifting the microbial equilibrium of the coral holobiont away from a beneficial state, contributing to a decline in coral fitness and a shift in ecosystem structure. IMPORTANCE:Diverse microbial communities associate with coral tissues and mucus, providing important protective and nutritional services, but once disturbed, the microbial equilibrium may shift from a beneficial state to one that is detrimental or pathogenic. Macroalgae (e.g., seaweeds) can physically and chemically interact with corals, causing abrasion, bleaching, and overall stress. This study contributes to a growing body of evidence suggesting that macroalgae play a critical role in shifting the coral holobiont equilibrium, which may promote the invasion of opportunistic pathogens and cause coral mortality, facilitating additional macroalgal growth and invasion in the reef. Thus, macroalgae not only contribute to a decline in coral fitness but also influence coral reef ecosystem structure.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Morrow KM,Bromhall K,Motti CA,Munn CB,Bourne DGdoi
10.1128/AEM.02391-16subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-12-15 00:00:00issue
1eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336pii
AEM.02391-16journal_volume
83pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Eubacterium lentum is a gram-positive, nonsporeforming, nonmotile, asaccharolytic anaerobe. In the present investigations, 3 E. lentum strains (group E) isolated from rat feces were compared with 30 E. lentum strains (groups A, B, C, and D) previously studied by Macdonald et al. (I. A. Macdonald, J. F. Jellet, D. E. M...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.47.1.39-43.1984
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In two previous studies dealing with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from modified-atmosphere-packaged (MAP) broiler products and a broiler processing plant, several isolates remained unidentified. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, 36 isolates were assigned to the genus Enterococcus. Numerical analysis of combi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02412-10
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to explore the biochemical scope of ochratoxin A-producing penicillia, we screened 48 Penicillium verrucosum isolates for the production of secondary metabolites. Fungal metabolites were analyzed by high-pressure liquid or gas chromatography coupled to diode array detection or mass spectrometry. The following...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.8.3630-3635.2001
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucose catabolite repression of tetralin catabolic genes in Rhodococcus sp. strain TFB was shown to be exerted by a protein homologous to transcriptional regulators of the cyclic AMP receptor (CRP)-FNR family. The protein was detected bound to putative CRP-like boxes localized at the promoters of the thnA1 and thnS g...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00700-12
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The oil-degrading Arthrobacter sp. RAG-1 produced an extracellular nondialyzable emulsifying agent when grown on hexadecane, ethanol, or acetate medium. The emulsifier was prepared by two procedures: (i) heptane extraction of the cell-free culture medium and (ii) precipitation with ammonium sulfate. A convenient assay...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.37.3.402-408.1979
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The growth of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger, a common food spoilage organism, is inhibited by the weak acid preservative sorbic acid (trans-trans-2,4-hexadienoic acid). Conidia inoculated at 10(5)/ml of medium showed a sorbic acid MIC of 4.5 mM at pH 4.0, whereas the MIC for the amount of mycelia at 24 h de...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.6.3506-3511.2004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A predictive and feedback proportional control algorithm, developed for fed-batch fermentations and described in a companion paper (G. L. Kleman, J. J. Chalmers, G. W. Luli, and W. R. Strohl, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57:910-917, 1991), was used in this work to control a continuous culture on the basis of the soluble-...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.4.918-923.1991
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rate of uptake of propanoic acid and the cell dimensions were measured for 23 yeasts differing in their resistance to weak-acid-type preservatives. Relationships between reciprocal uptake rate, reciprocal permeability, cell volume, cell area, volume/area, and the MICs of benzoic acid and propanoic acid for the yea...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.11.2995-2999.1989
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium-botulinum type A and type B spores were stored in tomato juice (pH 4.2) and citric acid-phosphate buffer (pH 4.2) at 4, 22, and 32 degrees C for 180 days. The spore count was determined at different intervals over the 180-day storage period. There was no significant decrease in the number of type A spores ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.34.1.30-33.1977
更新日期:1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A toluene-degrading methanogenic consortium enriched from creosote-contaminated aquifer material was maintained on toluene as the sole carbon and energy source for 10 years. The species in the consortium were characterized by using a molecular approach. Total genomic DNA was isolated, and 16S rRNA genes were amplified...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.12.5576-5585.1999
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An outstanding challenge toward efficient production of biofuels and value-added chemicals from plant biomass is the impact that lignocellulose-derived inhibitors have on microbial fermentations. Elucidating the mechanisms that underlie their toxicity is critical for developing strategies to overcome them. Here, using...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01324-15
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conditioned medium was obtained from suspension cultures of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrit) cells after incubating them for 4 to 8 days with rhizobia which were separated from the soybean cells by two dialysis bags, one within another. This conditioned medium from the plant cell side (PCM) of the two membranes was use...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.36.1.115-120.1978
更新日期:1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concentrations of T-2, HT-2, 3'-OH T-2, 3'-OH HT-2, T-2 triol, and T-2 tetraol toxins which inhibited [3H]thymidine uptake in mitogen-stimulated human peripheral lymphocytes by 50% were 1.5, 3.5, 4.0, 50, 150, and 150 ng/ml, respectively. The results suggested that the initial hydrolysis of T-2 toxin and the hydroxyla...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.49.6.1523-1526.1985
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patulin production by Penicillium griseofulvum was monitored with Sep-Pak cartridges and high-pressure liquid chromatography. Determination and quantification of this metabolite proved to be very simple, and our method saved time and a large amount of organic solvents. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.51.1.209-210.1986
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of microorganisms to perform dissimilatory (per)chlorate reduction is, for most species, known to be oxygen sensitive. Consequently, bioremediation processes for the removal of oxochlorates will be disturbed if oxygen is present. We measured the expression of chlorite dismutase and chlorate reductase in th...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.07303-11
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Indirect exposure to waterborne viruses increases the risk of infection, especially among children with frequent hand-to-mouth contacts. Here, we quantified the transfer of one bacteriophage (MS2) and two enteric viruses (adenovirus and coxsackievirus) from liquid to skin. MS2, a commonly used enteric virus surrogate,...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01809-18
更新日期:2018-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Listeria monocytogenes is among the most important food-borne pathogens and is well adapted to persist in the environment. To gain insight into the genetic relatedness and potential virulence of L. monocytogenes strains causing central nervous system (CNS) infections, we used multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.06507-11
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.36.1.178-185.1978
更新日期:1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial growth occurs in noncarbonated natural mineral waters a few days after filling and storage at room temperature, a phenomenon known for more than 40 years. Using the full-cycle rRNA approach, we monitored the development of the planktonic bacterial community in a noncarbonated natural mineral water after bott...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.7.3624-3632.2005
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are microbial polyesters that can be used as completely biodegradable polymers, but the high production cost prevents their use in a wide range of applications. Recombinant Escherichia coli strains harboring the Ralstonia eutropha PHA biosynthesis genes have been reported to have several a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.12.4897-4903.1998
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selective growth inhibitors of Sphaerotilus natans were detected in the culture broths of several strains of Streptomyces. Anslimins A and B were isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces oganonensis by adsorption on resinous adsorbent followed by elution with 50% aqueous acetone. The A and B components were the...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.39.6.1123-1128.1980
更新日期:1980-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of the storage lipid poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) in trichloroethylene transformation by methanotrophic mixed cultures was investigated. Naphthalene oxidation rates were used to assay for soluble methane monooxygenase activity. The PHB content of methanotrophic cells grown in reactors varied diurnally as w...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.59.5.1602-1606.1993
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria isolated from false-positive, presumptive, total coliform, most-probable-number tests of Chesapeake Bay oyster, water, and sediment samples were characterized and then classified by numerical taxonomy. A total of 538 bacterial strains clustered into 17 phena, the predominan...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.41.1.35-45.1981
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article on p. 1913 in vol. 45.]. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.46.2.532-532.1983
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The competitive inhibition of fructokinase by glucose has been proposed as the mechanism by which Zymomonas mobilis preferentially consumes glucose from mixtures of glucose and fructose and accumulates fructose when growing on sucrose. In this study, incorporation of radioactive fructose into biomass was used as a mea...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.9.3519-3525.1997
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::When sucrose is provided as a substrate for glucosyltransferase (GTF), Spp+ cells of the oral bacteria Streptococcus gordonii grow embedded in an insoluble glucan mass associated with surfaces. Spp- phase variants with lower GTF activity, which either arise from or are grown with Spp+ cells, segregate preferentially a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.12.3648-3651.1991
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spent sulfite liquor (SSL) is a waste effluent from sulfite pulping that contains monomeric sugars which can be fermented to ethanol. However, fermentative yeasts used for the fermentation of the sugars in SSL are adversely affected by the inhibitory substances in this complex feedstock. To overcome this limitation, e...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02769-10
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Commercial Atlantic blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) were exposed to 2.0x10(4) infectious waterborne oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum. The study demonstrated that blue crabs can transfer C. parvum oocysts to persons involved in handling or preparing crabs and that they may contaminate other surfaces or products durin...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00166-07
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria able to utilize Aspon, Azodrin, Dasanit, diazinon, malathion, Orthene, parathion, Trithion, dimethoate, Dylox, methyl parathion, and Vapona as sole phosphorus sources were isolated from soil and sewage. Individual isolates used from 3 to 10 of these insecticides as sole phosphorus sources. The extent of growt...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.37.5.886-891.1979
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spatiotemporal distributions of Aeromonas spp. and fecal coliforms in a cove receiving sewage treatment effluent and draining into a brackish lagoon were studied for 34 months with sampling at six stations. A total of 452 strains of Aeromonas spp. were isolated and identified at the outflow of the treatment system...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.9.2459-2467.1991
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00