Abstract：
:Neurodegenerative diseases may have distinct genetic etiologies and pathological manifestations, yet share common cellular mechanisms underpinning neuronal damage and dysfunction. These cellular mechanisms include excitotoxicity, calcium dysregulation, oxidative damage, ER stress and neuroinflammation. Recent data have identified a dual role in these events for glial cells, such as microglia and astrocytes, which are able both to induce and to protect against damage induced by diverse stresses. Cyclo(His-Pro), a cyclic dipeptide derived from the hydrolytic removal of the amino-terminal pyroglutamic acid residue of the hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone, may be important in regulating the nature of the glial cell contribution. Cyclo(His-Pro) is ubiquitous in the central nervous system and is a key substrate of organic cation transporters, which are strongly linked to neuroprotection. The cyclic dipeptide can also cross the brain-blood-barrier and, once in the brain, can affect diverse inflammatory and stress responses by modifying the Nrf2-NF-κB signaling axis. For these reasons, cyclo(His-Pro) has striking potential for therapeutic application by both parenteral and oral administration routes and may represent an important new tool in counteracting neuroinflammation-based degenerative pathologies. In this review, we discuss the chemistry and biology of cyclo(His-Pro), how it may interact with the biological mechanisms driving neurodegenerative disease, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and thereby act to preserve or restore neuronal function.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Grottelli S,Ferrari I,Pietrini G,Peirce MJ,Minelli A,Bellezza Idoi
10.3390/ijms17081332subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-08-12 00:00:00issue
8issn
1422-0067pii
ijms17081332journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Gastric cancer (GC) is a deadly disease with poor prognosis that is characterized by heterogeneity. New classifications based on histologic features, genotypes, and molecular phenotypes, for example, the Cancer Genome Atlas subtypes and those by the Asian Cancer Research Group, help understand the carcinogenic differe...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21249400
更新日期：2020-12-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are not only harmful to cell survival but also essential to cell signaling through cysteine-based redox switches. In fact, ROS triggers the potential activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). The 90 kDa ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (RSK1), one of the downstream mediators of the MA...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21228750
更新日期：2020-11-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Rolling-circle replication (RCR) elements constitute a diverse group that includes viruses, plasmids, and transposons, present in hosts from all domains of life. Eukaryotic RCR transposons, also known as Helitrons, are found in species from all eukaryotic kingdoms, sometimes representing a large portion of their genom...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19103079
更新日期：2018-10-09 00:00:00
abstract：:A specific oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), ODN MT01, was found to have positive effects on the proliferation and activation of the osteoblast-like cell line MG 63. In this study, the detailed signaling pathways in which ODN MT01 promoted the differentiation of osteoblasts were systematically examined. ODN MT01 enhanced th...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms13077902
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The renal cortex drives renal function. Hypoxia/reoxygenation are primary factors in ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injuries, but renal oxygenation per se is complex and awaits full elucidation. Few mathematical models address this issue: none captures cortical tissue heterogeneity. Using agent-based modeling, we develop t...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20246246
更新日期：2019-12-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Alemtuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the surface molecule CD52, leads to a rapid depletion of immune cells in the innate and adaptive immune system. In phase 2 and 3 trials in multiple sclerosis (MS), infections have been reported more frequently in alemtuzumab than in interferon beta treated patient...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms160714669
更新日期：2015-06-29 00:00:00
abstract：:HD-Zip proteins are unique to plants, and contain a homeodomain closely linked to a leucine zipper motif, which are involved in dimerization and DNA binding. Based on homology in the HD-Zip domain, gene structure and the presence of additional motifs, HD-Zips are divided into four families, HD-Zip I⁻IV. Phylogenetic a...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms19124047
更新日期：2018-12-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) occurs in >90% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) and is associated with a poorer prognosis. A systematic review of electronic databases identified studies exploring the addition of EGFR-targeted treatment to chemotherapy in patients with locally adv...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms18050909
更新日期：2017-04-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Adolescence represents a vulnerable period for the psychiatric consequences of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ⁸-THC) exposure, however, the molecular underpinnings of this vulnerability remain to be established. Histone modifications are emerging as important epigenetic mechanisms involved in the etiopathogenesis of ps...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms18102094
更新日期：2017-10-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Dietary guidelines recommended by key health agencies are generally designed for a global population. However, ethnicity affects human disease and environment-gene interactions, including nutrient intake. Historically, isolated human populations with different genetic backgrounds have adapted to distinct environments ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20143516
更新日期：2019-07-18 00:00:00
abstract：:To elucidate the molecular details of the activation-associated clustering of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs), the time course of the mobility and aggregation states of eGFP tagged EGFR in the membranes of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was assessed by in situ mobility assays. Fluorescence correlation spe...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20133370
更新日期：2019-07-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Eggplant cultivation is limited by numerous diseases, including the devastating bacterial wilt (BW) caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC). Within the RSSC, Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (including phylotypes I and III) causes severe damage to all solanaceous crops, including eggplant. Therefore, t...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19020357
更新日期：2018-01-25 00:00:00
abstract：:When Clostridium tetani was discovered and identified as a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium of the genus Clostridium, the possibility of turning its toxin into a valuable biological carrier to ameliorate neurodegenerative processes was inconceivable. However, the non-toxic carboxy-terminal fragment of the tetanus tox...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms13066883
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Down syndrome (DS), the most common cause of intellectual disability of genetic origin, is characterized by alterations in central nervous system morphology and function that appear from early prenatal stages. However, by the fourth decade of life, all individuals with DS develop neuropathology identical to that found...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21186906
更新日期：2020-09-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a fatal medical episode caused by sudden kidney damage or failure, leading to the death of patients within a few hours or days. Previous studies demonstrated that exosomes derived from various mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC-exosomes) have positive effects on renal injuries in multiple...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21134774
更新日期：2020-07-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Left ventricular remodeling (LVR) occurring after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is frequent and severe. We present a metabolomic approach as an attempt to reveal unknown biomarkers associated with post-STEMI LVR. Out of 192 consecutive patients with successfully revascularized STEMI, 32 presented ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20020289
更新日期：2019-01-12 00:00:00
abstract：:In a previous phylogenetic study of the family of pyruvate kinase, we found one cluster with Glu117 and another with Lys117. Those sequences with Glu117 have Thr113 and are K+-dependent, whereas those with Lys117 have Leu113 and are K+-independent. The carbonyl oxygen of Thr113 is one of the residues that coordinate K...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms151222214
更新日期：2014-12-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Liver fibrosis is the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins that occurs in chronic liver disease. Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification that is crucial for a plethora of physiological processes. Even though the ubiquitin system has been implicated in several human diseases, the role of ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21239043
更新日期：2020-11-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Cover crops are key determinants of the ecological stability and sustainability of continuous cropping soils. However, their agro-ecological role in differentially reshaping the microbiome structure and functioning under a degraded agroecosystem remains poorly investigated. Therefore, structural and metabolic changes ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20112619
更新日期：2019-05-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Particulate matter (PM), a widespread air pollutant, consists of a complex mixture of solid and liquid particles suspended in air. Many diseases have been linked to PM exposure, which induces an imbalance in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in cells, and might result in skin diseases (such as aging and atopic d...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20174259
更新日期：2019-08-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Ubiquitination is a reversible post-translational modification involved in a plethora of different physiological functions. Among the substrates that are ubiquitinated, neurotrophin receptors (TrkA, TrkB, TrkC, and p75NTR) have been studied recently. TrkA is the most studied receptor in terms of its ubiquitination, an...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms18030630
更新日期：2017-03-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Opioid analgesics such as morphine have indispensable roles in analgesia. However, morphine use can elicit side effects such as respiratory depression and constipation. It has been reported that G protein-biased agonists as substitutes for classic opioid agonists can alleviate (or even eliminate) these side effects. T...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21134699
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three pools of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) from non-smokers plus healthy smokers (NS + HS, n = 45); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) without emphysema (COPD, n = 15) and subjects with pulmonary emphysema associated with α(1)-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD, n = 23) were used for an exploratory proteomic ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms131113894
更新日期：2012-10-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Thlaspi arvense is a well-known annual farmland weed with worldwide distribution, which can be found from sea level to above 4000 m high on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). In this paper, a phylogeographic history of T. arvense including 19 populations from China was inferred by using three chloroplast (cp) DNA segm...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms160613339
更新日期：2015-06-11 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) morphology and template-rebinding over a series of warfarin-imprinted methacrylic acid co(ethylene dimethacrylate) polymers has been explored. Detailed investigations of the nature of template recognition revealed that an optimal template binding was obtain...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms14011207
更新日期：2013-01-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC) originates from the progression of either a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or differentiated-type vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (dVIN), often in a background of lichen sclerosus (LS). The mechanisms leading to the progression of these premalignant lesions to ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21144880
更新日期：2020-07-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiotherapy for brain tumors induces neuronal DNA damage and may lead to neurodegeneration and cognitive deficits. We investigated the mechanisms of radiation-induced neuronal cell death and the role of miR-711 in the regulation of these pathways. We used in vitro and in vivo models of radiation-induced neuronal cell...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21155239
更新日期：2020-07-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Triazophos is a widely used organophosphorous insecticide that has potentially adverse effects to organisms. In the present study, a high-affinity single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody with specific lambda light chain was developed for residue monitoring. First, the specific variable regions were correctly am...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms17060823
更新日期：2016-06-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial biofilm formation on wet surfaces represents a significant problem in medicine and environmental sciences. One of the strategies to prevent or eliminate surface adhesion of organisms is surface modification and coating. However, the current coating technologies possess several drawbacks, including limited du...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21197370
更新日期：2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to determine the effect of selected essential oil compounds (EOCs) on the antibacterial activity of β-lactam antibiotics (βLAs) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. The following parameters were studied: antibiotic susceptibility testing, detection of mecA gene and evalu...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21197106
更新日期：2020-09-26 00:00:00
