Abstract:
:The effects of adenosine and adenosine analogs on adenylate cyclases from several tissues have been examined. Two adenosine-reactive sites have been identified: (i) the "R" site, occupancy of which usually leads to activation of cyclase and which requires integrity of the ribose ring for activity, and (ii) the "P" site, which mediates inhibition and requires integrity of the purine ring for activity. Biphasic effects of adenosine are explained by the presence of both sites on a single adenylate cyclase. Comparison of these data with those in the literature indicates that adenosine-reactive "P" and "R" sites are present generally.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Londos C,Wolff Jdoi
10.1073/pnas.74.12.5482subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1977-12-01 00:00:00pages
5482-6issue
12eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In early phases of human T-cell lymphotrophic virus I-induced adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), the malignant cell proliferation is associated with an autocrine process involving coordinate expression of interleukin (IL) 2 and its receptor. However, during late-phase ATL, leukemic cells no longer produce IL-2 yet continue ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.11.4935
更新日期:1994-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::cDNAs encoding a delayed-rectifier-type K+ channel were cloned from both neonatal rat heart and ovariectomized, diethylstilbestrol-primed rat uterus by using the polymerase chain reaction. Both clones have nucleotide sequences identical to that encoding the rat kidney IsK channel [Takumi, T., Ohkubo, H. & Nakanishi, S...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.8.2975
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eukaryotic cells respond to a variety of DNA insults by triggering a common signal transduction cascade, known as checkpoint response, which temporarily halts cell-cycle progression. Although the main players involved in the cascade have been identified, there is still uncertainty about the nature of the structures th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0605446103
更新日期:2006-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Nonribosomal peptides and polyketides are a diverse group of natural products with complex chemical structures and enormous pharmaceutical potential. They are synthesized on modular nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and polyketide synthase (PKS) enzyme complexes by a conserved thiotemplate mechanism. Here, we rep...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1401734111
更新日期:2014-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Despite its theoretical prominence and sound principles, integrated pest management (IPM) continues to suffer from anemic adoption rates in developing countries. To shed light on the reasons, we surveyed the opinions of a large and diverse pool of IPM professionals and practitioners from 96 countries by using structur...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1312693111
更新日期:2014-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::A synthetic polyribonucleotide, poly(U5,G), was used to study the codon specificity of wild-type and UGA suppressor tRNATrp from Escherichia coli. Phe (UUU) incorporation directed by this synthetic messenger is reduced somewhat by omission from the incubation mixtures of Val (GUU), Leu (UUG), or Cys (UGU). In contrast...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.12.5496
更新日期:1977-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unambiguous evidence is presented that two X-chromosome inversions produce lethality in X/O males because of position-effect suppression of genes in the basal heterochromatin. The data support the hypothesis that the ribosomal RNA cistrons are the genes suppressed. There is evidence for a region in the X basal heteroc...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.68.10.2472
更新日期:1971-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Drake Passage (DP) is the major geographic constriction for the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and exerts a strong control on the exchange of physical, chemical, and biological properties between the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Ocean basins. Resolving changes in the flow of circumpolar water masses through ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1509203112
更新日期:2015-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Go is a specific class ("other") of signal-transducing heterotrimeric GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) that is expressed in high levels in mammalian brain. We have cloned two different rat cDNAs encoding the alpha subunit of Go (Go alpha-1 and Go alpha-2) and a human Go alpha chromosomal gene. The human Go alpha gene...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.8.2974
更新日期:1991-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the possible relationship between the susceptibility of cells to differentiation induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and the subcellular translocation of calcium- and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C) activity from the cytosol to the membrane. These two events were a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.19.7316
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The colligative properties of ATP and catecholamines demonstrated in vitro are thought to be responsible for the extraordinary accumulation of solutes inside chromaffin cell secretory vesicles, although this has yet to be demonstrated in living cells. Because functional cells cannot be deprived of ATP, we have knocked...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1600690113
更新日期:2016-07-12 00:00:00
abstract::Eleven amino acid positions in the helix-turn-helix of lambda repressor have been mutagenized by using a combinatorial method in which alanine is substituted at each position with a probability of 0.5. Approximately 25% of the 2048 proteins in the resulting binomial library are active, including some variants with as ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.9.4246
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stability of the long noncoding-polyadenylated nuclear (PAN) RNA from Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is conferred by an expression and nuclear retention element (ENE). The ENE protects PAN RNA from a rapid deadenylation-dependent decay pathway via formation of a triple helix between the U-rich internal loop o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1217338109
更新日期:2012-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::A rice Dwarf 1 gene was identified by using a map-based cloning strategy. Its recessive mutant allele confers a dwarf phenotype. Linkage analysis revealed that a cDNA encoding the alpha-subunit of GTP-binding protein cosegregated with d1 in 3,185 d1 segregants. Southern hybridization analysis with this cDNA as a probe...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.18.10284
更新日期:1999-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::Using single-cell sequence analysis, we discovered that a high proportion of cells in tissues as diverse as buccal epithelium and heart muscle contain high proportions of clonal mutant mtDNA expanded from single initial mutant mtDNA molecules. We demonstrate that intracellular clonal expansion of somatic point mutatio...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.072670199
更新日期:2002-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::The membrane currents of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) transformed by Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) were compared with the currents of their nontransformed counterparts by using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. In nontransformed CEFs, the main membrane current is a delayed outward K+ current that is sensitive to t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.8.3403
更新日期:1993-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::To address the significance of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we have used reverse transcriptase-initiated PCR to measure HIV-1 mRNA expression in PBMC specimens collected from a cohort of HIV-infected individuals during a long-term prospective study. We f...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.3.1104
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radioimmunoassays specific for the N and C termini of human prothymosin alpha and the N terminus of human parathymosin alpha were employed for the measurement of the levels of alpha-thymosins in human thymus, spleen, and liver during normal growth and intestine and breast in malignant growth. A differential expression...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.20.9504
更新日期:1993-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Renal medullary cells contain high concentrations of myo-inositol, sorbitol, betaine, and glycerophosphocholine, whose levels vary with urinary osmolality. Accumulation of these "compatible" organic osmolytes is believed to help the cells osmoregulate in response to the high extracellular osmolality that occurs as par...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.15.6002
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic inflammation results in increased nitrogen monoxide (.NO) formation and the accumulation of nitrite (NO(2-)). Neutrophils stimulated by various inflammatory mediators release myeloperoxidase to produce the cytotoxic agent hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Exposure of chondrocytic SW1353 cells to HOCl resulted in a con...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.152462399
更新日期:2002-09-17 00:00:00
abstract::Actin polymerization and assembly into stress fibers (SFs) is central to many cellular processes. However, how SFs form in response to the mechanical interaction of cells with their environment is not fully understood. Here we have identified Piezo2 mechanosensitive cationic channel as a transducer of environmental ph...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1718177115
更新日期:2018-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction of homogeneous preparations of mouse submandibular gland nerve growth factor (NGF) with the classical complement pathway was studied. NGF was found to be capable of carrying out the enzyme activities of the first component (C1-) of the classical complement pathway (i.e., the cleavage of zymogen C4 and ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.79.8.2519
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The heterogeneous RNA of the HeLa cell nucleus contains short internal poly(A) sequences which, in contrast to the longer poly(A) sequences at the 3' ends, are not found in messenger RNA of the cytoplasm. A distinct origin for each of these homologous sequences is evident when the effects of actinomycin D and 3'-deoxy...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.71.1.200
更新日期:1974-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antigen receptor gene assembly is regulated by transcriptional promoters and enhancers, which control the accessibility of gene segments to a lymphocyte-specific V(D)J recombinase. However, it remained unclear whether accessibility depends on the process of transcription itself or chromatin modifications that accompan...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.182166699
更新日期:2002-09-17 00:00:00
abstract::Accurately estimating human mobility and gauging its relationship with virus transmission is critical for the control of COVID-19 spreading. Using mobile device location data of over 100 million monthly active samples, we compute origin-destination travel demand and aggregate mobility inflow at each US county from Mar...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2010836117
更新日期:2020-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Embryos carrying null mutations of both retinoid X receptors alpha and beta (RXRalpha-/-/RXRbeta-/- mutants) were generated. These mutant embryos die between 9.5 and 10.5 days of gestation and display a wide range of abnormalities. The cause of the lethality appears to be the lack of formation of the labyrinthine zone...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.2.547
更新日期:1999-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::We compared private and social decision making to investigate the neural underpinnings of the effect of social comparison on risky choices. We measured brain activity using functional MRI while participants chose between two lotteries: in the private condition, they observed the outcome of the unchosen lottery, and in...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1073/pnas.1100892108
更新日期:2011-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::The mouse p19Arf (human p14ARF) tumor suppressor protein, encoded in part from an alternative reading frame of the Ink4a (Cdkn2a) gene, inhibits the Mdm2 E3 ubiquitin ligase to activate p53. Arf is not expressed in most normal tissues of young mice but is induced by high thresholds of aberrant hyperproliferative signa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1707292114
更新日期:2017-07-11 00:00:00
abstract::Gaseous HCl generated from a variety of sources is ubiquitous in both outdoor and indoor air. Oxides of nitrogen (NO(y)) are also globally distributed, because NO formed in combustion processes is oxidized to NO(2), HNO(3), N(2)O(5) and a variety of other nitrogen oxides during transport. Deposition of HCl and NO(y) o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0904195106
更新日期:2009-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::Size has a profound effect on the structure of the brain. Many brain structures scale allometrically, that is, their relative size changes systematically as a function of brain size. Here we use independent contrasts analysis to examine the scaling of frontal cortex in 43 species of mammals including 25 primates and 1...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0305760101
更新日期:2004-03-16 00:00:00