Abstract:
:The colligative properties of ATP and catecholamines demonstrated in vitro are thought to be responsible for the extraordinary accumulation of solutes inside chromaffin cell secretory vesicles, although this has yet to be demonstrated in living cells. Because functional cells cannot be deprived of ATP, we have knocked down the expression of the vesicular nucleotide carrier, the VNUT, to show that a reduction in vesicular ATP is accompanied by a drastic fall in the quantal release of catecholamines. This phenomenon is particularly evident in newly synthesized vesicles, which we show are the first to be released. Surprisingly, we find that inhibiting VNUT expression also reduces the frequency of exocytosis, whereas the overexpression of VNUT drastically increases the quantal size of exocytotic events. To our knowledge, our data provide the first demonstration that ATP, in addition to serving as an energy source and purinergic transmitter, is an essential element in the concentration of catecholamines in secretory vesicles. In this way, cells can use ATP to accumulate neurotransmitters and other secreted substances at high concentrations, supporting quantal transmission.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Estévez-Herrera J,Domínguez N,Pardo MR,González-Santana A,Westhead EW,Borges R,Machado JDdoi
10.1073/pnas.1600690113subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-07-12 00:00:00pages
E4098-106issue
28eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
1600690113journal_volume
113pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Reactions of a membrane-bound multienzyme complex (electron-transport chain of rat-liver microsomes) suspended in aqueous-organic solvent used as antifreeze at temperatures below 0 degrees were studied. In the presence of a relatively high concentration of ethylene glycol, electron transfer can still be observed and s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.9.2633
更新日期:1973-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Targeting neuroendocrine tumors expressing somatostatin receptor subtypes (sst) with radiolabeled somatostatin agonists is an established diagnostic and therapeutic approach in oncology. While agonists readily internalize into tumor cells, permitting accumulation of radioactivity, radiolabeled antagonists do not, and ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0607761103
更新日期:2006-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) expressing the photopigment melanopsin (OPN4), together with rods and cones, provide light information driving nonvisual light responses. We examined nonvisual photoreception in mice lacking RPE65, a protein that is required for regeneration of visual chromo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0600934103
更新日期:2006-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is synthesized in the brain, and a single type of cloned receptor for the N-terminal portion of PTHrP and PTH is present in the central nervous system. Nothing is known about the physiological actions or signaling pathways used by PTHrP in the brain. Using cultured rat hippo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.22.10182
更新日期:1995-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::A graph-theoretic condition is given for the existence of stable solutions to the Volterra-Lotka equations. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.7.2069
更新日期:1973-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A vaccine capable of stimulating protective antiviral antibody responses is needed to curtail the global AIDS epidemic caused by HIV-1. Although rarely elicited during the course of natural infection or upon conventional vaccination, the membrane-proximal ectodomain region (MPER) of the HIV-1 glycoprotein of M(r) 41,0...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0901474106
更新日期:2009-06-02 00:00:00
abstract::We introduce a polynomial C(mu)[Z; q, t], depending on a set of variables Z = z(1), z(2),..., a partition mu, and two extra parameters q, t. The definition of C(mu) involves a pair of statistics (maj(sigma, mu), inv(sigma, mu)) on words sigma of positive integers, and the coefficients of the z(i) are manifestly in N[q...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0405567101
更新日期:2004-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::cGMP is a key regulatory molecule in visual transduction, integration of neuronal response to excitatory neurotransmitters, relaxation of smooth muscle, intestinal secretion of water and salt, and reabsorption of sodium and water in the distal tubules of the nephron. Some of these cellular functions are associated wit...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.7.2623
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The reversible association of alpha and beta gamma subunits of GTP-binding proteins is important for signal transmission from a variety of cell-surface receptors to intracellular effectors. Previous work showed that 1,6-bis(maleimido)hexane, which crosslinks cysteine residues, crosslinks alpha o and alpha i-1 to beta ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.21.10295
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Starburst polyamidoamine dendrimers are a new class of synthetic polymers with unique structural and physical characteristics. These polymers were investigated for the ability to bind DNA and enhance DNA transfer and expression in a variety of mammalian cell lines. Twenty different types of polyamidoamine dendrimers w...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.10.4897
更新日期:1996-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, several proteins have been identified that are related in their sequence to the p53 tumor-suppressor protein. One of these proteins, which is termed p73, exhibits sequence homology to the p53 transcriptional activation, DNA binding, and oligomerization domains. The adenovirus E1B 55-kDa protein, the adenovir...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.26.15683
更新日期:1998-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::In many plant species only a small proportion of buds yield branches. Both the timing and extent of bud activation are tightly regulated to produce specific branching architectures. For example, the primary shoot apex can inhibit the activation of lateral buds. This process is termed apical dominance and is dependent ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0906696106
更新日期:2009-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::We report here the identification of a pollen-specific gene from Zea mays that contains multiple Ser-(Pro)n repeats, the motif found in the cell wall-associated extensins. Sequence analysis reveals that the encoded protein has a putative globular domain at the N terminus and an extensin-like domain at the C terminus. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.8.3086
更新日期:1995-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::Several of the best-studied sex differences in the mammalian brain are ascribed to the hormonal control of cell death. This conclusion is based primarily on correlations between pyknotic cell counts in development and counts of mature neurons in adulthood; the molecular mechanisms of hormone-regulated, sexually dimorp...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0404644101
更新日期:2004-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::One of the most fundamental functions of the brain is to predict upcoming events on the basis of the recent past. A closely related function is to signal when a prediction has been violated. The identity of the brain regions that mediate these functions is not known. We set out to determine whether they are implemente...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1112895108
更新日期:2011-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Fusions of the lac operon to genes induced by treatment with sublethal levels of alkylating agents have been selected from random insertions of the Mu-dl(ApRlac) phage by screening for induction of beta-galactosidase activity in the presence of methyl methanesulfonate. Genetic analysis reveals that these fusions resul...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.13.4110
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both neocortical and hippocampal networks organize the firing patterns of their neurons by prominent oscillations during sleep, but the functional role of these rhythms is not well understood. Here, we show a robust correlation of neuronal discharges between the somatosensory cortex and hippocampus on both slow and fi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0437938100
更新日期:2003-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::Tsetse-transmitted African trypanosomes must develop into mammalian-infectious metacyclic cells in the fly's salivary glands (SGs) before transmission to a new host. The molecular mechanisms that underlie this developmental process, known as metacyclogenesis, are poorly understood. Blocking the few metacyclic parasite...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1914423117
更新日期:2020-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::The voltage-dependent gating of the colicin channel involves a substantial structural rearrangement that results in the transfer of about 35% of the 200 residues in its pore-forming domain across the membrane. This transfer appears to represent an unusual type of protein translocation that does not depend on a large, ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.022480199
更新日期:2002-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::Children whose parents divorce tend to have worse educational outcomes than children whose parents stay married. However, not all children respond identically to their parents divorcing. We focus on how the impact of parental divorce on children's education varies by how likely or unlikely divorce was for those parent...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1813049116
更新日期:2019-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::The cytochrome P-450 superfamily of enzymes catalyzes the oxidative metabolism of innumerable lipophilic compounds (e.g., drugs, carcinogens, steroids). Although the three-dimensional structure of a soluble bacterial P-450 (P-450cam) has been solved, little is known about the structures of the membrane-bound mammalian...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.21.8262
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Certain types of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are etiologically linked to cervical cancer. Their transforming capacity is encoded by a polycistronic premRNA, where alternative splicing leads to the translation of functional distinct proteins such as E6, E6*, and E7. Here we show that splicing of HPV16 E6/E7 ORF casse...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1002620107
更新日期:2010-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::We are only just beginning to catalog the vast diversity of cell types in the cerebral cortex. Such categorization is a first step toward understanding how diversification relates to function. All cortical projection neurons arise from a uniform pool of progenitor cells that lines the ventricles of the forebrain. It i...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2008013117
更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::In Arabidopsis, the two-dimensional expansion of leaves is regulated via the polarized elongation of cells. The ROTUNDIFOLIA3 (ROT3) protein, a member of the family of cytochromes P450, is involved in this process and regulates leaf length. Transgenic plants that overexpressed a wild-type ROT3 gene had longer leaves t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.16.9433
更新日期:1999-08-03 00:00:00
abstract::Prediction of the native tertiary structure of a globular protein from the primary sequence will require a potential energy model that can discriminate all nonnative structures from the native structure(s). A successful model must distinguish not only alternate structures that are very nonnative but also alternate str...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.3.709
更新日期:1995-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::Rat liver nuclei pure by enzymatic and electron microscope criteria contain protein kinase C (PKC) that can be activated several hundredfold within 3 min of addition of prolactin or phorbol 12-tetradecanoate 13-acetate. Rat prolactin stimulated PKC maximally at 10(-12) M, whereas ovine prolactin was maximally stimulat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.22.8649
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently several attempts to identify oxygen-derived radicals in whole cells by spin trapping and electron spin resonance have been reported by using 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide as the spin trap. In the present study, the feasibility of this method is examined. Chinese hamster V79 cells and human erythrocytes ser...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.20.7593
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aspirin (ASA) triggers a switch in the biosynthesis of lipid mediators, inhibiting prostanoid production and initiating 15-epi-lipoxin generation through the acetylation of cyclooxygenase II. These aspirin-triggered lipoxins (ATL) may mediate some of ASA's beneficial actions and therefore are of interest in the search...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.14.8247
更新日期:1999-07-06 00:00:00
abstract::Immune responses to several soluble antigens were compared between B6.C-H-2bm12 mutant and wild-type B6 mice by using a lymph node T-cell proliferation assay. B6.C-H-2bm12 mice failed to respond to beef insulin whereas other IA gene-controlled responses, such as response to poly(L-Tyr, L-Glu)--poly(DL-Ala, L-Lys) and ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.10.6406
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The water channel aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and certain Rh-family members are permeable to CO(2) and NH(3). Here, we use changes in surface pH (pH(S)) to assess relative CO(2) vs. NH(3) permeability of Xenopus oocytes expressing members of the AQP or Rh family. Exposed to CO(2) or NH(3), AQP1 oocytes exhibit a greater maxima...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0813231106
更新日期:2009-03-31 00:00:00