The diurnal cycle of water ice on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.

abstract：:A re-analysis of published data on mouse mutation rates induced by X and gamma rays suggests that the kinetics of induction can be analysed by fitting the data to a parabolic curve. We interpret this to mean that a substantial proportion of the induced mutations results from gross chromosomal changes such as deletions...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Abrahamson S,Wolff S

更新日期：1976-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The arrest of dorsal root axonal regeneration at the transitional zone between the peripheral and central nervous system has been repeatedly described since the early twentieth century. Here we show that, with trophic support to damaged sensory axons, this regenerative barrier is surmountable. In adult rats with injur...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ramer MS,Priestley JV,McMahon SB

更新日期：2000-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In adult animals, sensory neurons innervating the skin are phenotypically diverse. We have now investigated whether nerve growth factor (NGF) has a physiological role in the development of this diversity. We gave antisera against NGF to rats from postnatal day 1 (PND 1) to adulthood (5 weeks). We found a virtually com...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ritter AM,Lewin GR,Kremer NE,Mendell LM

更新日期：1991-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The age of dense interstellar cloud cores, where stars and planets form, is a crucial parameter in star formation and difficult to measure. Some models predict rapid collapse, whereas others predict timescales of more than one million years (ref. 3). One possible approach to determining the age is through chemical cha...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Brünken S,Sipilä O,Chambers ET,Harju J,Caselli P,Asvany O,Honingh CE,Kamiński T,Menten KM,Stutzki J,Schlemmer S

更新日期：2014-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) is a newly identified nucleotide which can release calcium from a variety of cells, suggesting it is a messenger for mobilizing internal Ca2+ stores. Its cyclic structure has now been confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Available results are consistent with it being a modulator of Ca(2+)-indu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lee HC,Aarhus R,Graeff R,Gurnack ME,Walseth TF

更新日期：1994-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The chemical evolution of the Earth and the terrestrial planets is largely controlled by the density of silicate melts. If melt density is higher than that of the surrounding solid, incompatible elements dissolved in the melt will be sequestered in the deep mantle. Previous studies on dry (water-free) melts showed tha...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Matsukage KN,Jing Z,Karato S

更新日期：2005-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Two cytosolic fractions (A and B) from Xenopus oocytes are sufficient to support protein import into the nuclei of digitonin-permeabilized cells. Fraction A recognizes the nuclear localization sequence (NLS) and binds the import substrate to the nuclear envelope, whereas fraction B mediates the subsequent passage of t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Moore MS,Blobel G

更新日期：1993-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:All living organisms use ion channels to regulate the transport of ions across cellular membranes. Certain ion channels are classed as voltage-dependent because they have a voltage-sensing structure that induces their pores to open in response to changes in the cell membrane voltage. Until recently, the voltage-depend...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ruta V,Jiang Y,Lee A,Chen J,MacKinnon R

更新日期：2003-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Networks have become a key approach to understanding systems of interacting objects, unifying the study of diverse phenomena including biological organisms and human society. One crucial step when studying the structure and dynamics of networks is to identify communities: groups of related nodes that correspond to fun...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ahn YY,Bagrow JP,Lehmann S

更新日期：2010-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Many animals rely on an internal heading representation when navigating in varied environments1-10. How this representation is linked to the sensory cues that define different surroundings is unclear. In the fly brain, heading is represented by 'compass' neurons that innervate a ring-shaped structure known as the elli...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kim SS,Hermundstad AM,Romani S,Abbott LF,Jayaraman V

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Retinoic acid is a vitamin A derivative with striking effects on development and cell differentiation. Several nuclear retinoic acid receptors (RARs), acting as ligand-inducible transcription factors, have been characterized and indirect evidence suggests that they have distinct roles. One of the most intriguing prope...

journal_title：Nature

authors： de Thé H,Chomienne C,Lanotte M,Degos L,Dejean A

更新日期：1990-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in the transcription factor FOXA1 define a unique subset of prostate cancers but the functional consequences of these mutations and whether they confer gain or loss of function is unknown1-9. Here, by annotating the landscape of FOXA1 mutations from 3,086 human prostate cancers, we define two hotspots in the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Adams EJ,Karthaus WR,Hoover E,Liu D,Gruet A,Zhang Z,Cho H,DiLoreto R,Chhangawala S,Liu Y,Watson PA,Davicioni E,Sboner A,Barbieri CE,Bose R,Leslie CS,Sawyers CL

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor type I (TGF) are polypeptides of 53 and 50 amino acid residues, respectively. Both bind to EGF receptor, a 1,200-residue transmembranous glycoprotein, leading to phosphorylation of the receptor, enhancement of its tyrosine-specific kinase activity and ultima...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Brown JP,Twardzik DR,Marquardt H,Todaro GJ

更新日期：1985-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The cloning and characterization of 'clock gene' families has advanced our understanding of the molecular control of the mammalian circadian clock. We have analysed the human genome for additional relatives, and identified new candidate genes that may expand our knowledge of the molecular workings of the circadian clo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Clayton JD,Kyriacou CP,Reppert SM

更新日期：2001-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Epigenetic pathways can regulate gene expression by controlling and interpreting chromatin modifications. Cancer cells are characterized by altered epigenetic landscapes, and commonly exploit the chromatin regulatory machinery to enforce oncogenic gene expression programs. Although chromatin alterations are, in princi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zuber J,Shi J,Wang E,Rappaport AR,Herrmann H,Sison EA,Magoon D,Qi J,Blatt K,Wunderlich M,Taylor MJ,Johns C,Chicas A,Mulloy JC,Kogan SC,Brown P,Valent P,Bradner JE,Lowe SW,Vakoc CR

更新日期：2011-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are key receptors in the modulation of excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. Here we have determined three different crystal structures of the extracellular ligand-binding region of mGluR1--in a complex with glutamate and in two unliganded forms. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kunishima N,Shimada Y,Tsuji Y,Sato T,Yamamoto M,Kumasaka T,Nakanishi S,Jingami H,Morikawa K

更新日期：2000-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:In the cores of some clusters of galaxies the hot intracluster plasma is dense enough that it should cool radiatively in the cluster's lifetime, leading to continuous 'cooling flows' of gas sinking towards the cluster centre, yet no such cooling flow has been observed. The low observed star-formation rates and cool ga...

journal_title：Nature

authors： McDonald M,Bayliss M,Benson BA,Foley RJ,Ruel J,Sullivan P,Veilleux S,Aird KA,Ashby ML,Bautz M,Bazin G,Bleem LE,Brodwin M,Carlstrom JE,Chang CL,Cho HM,Clocchiatti A,Crawford TM,Crites AT,de Haan T,Desai S,Dobbs M

更新日期：2012-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous reports have emphasized the need for major changes in the global food system: agriculture must meet the twin challenge of feeding a growing population, with rising demand for meat and high-calorie diets, while simultaneously minimizing its global environmental impacts. Organic farming—a system aimed at produc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Seufert V,Ramankutty N,Foley JA

更新日期：2012-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium signalling in astrocytes couples changes in neural activity to alterations in cerebral blood flow by eliciting vasoconstriction or vasodilation of arterioles. However, the mechanism for how these opposite astrocyte influences provide appropriate changes in vessel tone within an environment that has dynamic met...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gordon GR,Choi HB,Rungta RL,Ellis-Davies GC,MacVicar BA

更新日期：2008-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Transparent electronic devices formed on flexible substrates are expected to meet emerging technological demands where silicon-based electronics cannot provide a solution. Examples of active flexible applications include paper displays and wearable computers. So far, mainly flexible devices based on hydrogenated amorp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nomura K,Ohta H,Takagi A,Kamiya T,Hirano M,Hosono H

更新日期：2004-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Introduced in its contemporary form in 1946 (ref. 1), but with roots that go back to the eighteenth century, the gravity law is the prevailing framework with which to predict population movement, cargo shipping volume and inter-city phone calls, as well as bilateral trade flows between nations. Despite its widespread ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Simini F,González MC,Maritan A,Barabási AL

更新日期：2012-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well established that muscle contraction results from the relative sliding of actin and myosin filaments. Both filaments have definite polarities and well-ordered structures. Thick filaments, however, are not vital for supporting movement in vitro. Previously we have demonstrated that actin filaments can move co...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Toyoshima YY,Toyoshima C,Spudich JA

更新日期：1989-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Novel capsomeric complexes, pentamers and hexamers were detected as chemical entities in phage Q beta. Both were composed of identical protein subunits and stabilized by intermolecular disulphide bonds. Their numbers per particle were about 12 for pentamers and about 20 for hexamers--consistent with theoretical expect...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Takamatsu H,Iso K

更新日期：1982-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The isolation of a mutant adenovirus carrying an insertion of cellular DNA has led to the identification of a new family of human repetitive sequences, which are found tandemly arranged in the genome. The sequence of the viral insert resembles that of eukaryotic transposable elements. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shimizu Y,Yoshida K,Ren CS,Fujinaga K,Rajagopalan S,Chinnadurai G

更新日期：1983-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Reported widespread declines of wild and managed insect pollinators have serious consequences for global ecosystem services and agricultural production. Bees contribute approximately 80% of insect pollination, so it is important to understand and mitigate the causes of current declines in bee populations . Recent stud...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gill RJ,Ramos-Rodriguez O,Raine NE

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The travelling salesman problem is a classical problem in the field of combinatorial optimization, concerned with efficient methods for maximizing or minimizing a function of many independent variables. Given the positions of N cities, which in the simplest case lie in the plane, what is the shortest closed tour in wh...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Durbin R,Willshaw D

更新日期：1987-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The difficulty of working with the intact brain in vivo has led to the increasing use of nerve cell cultures in neurobiology. However, dissociated cells cannot be unambiguously identified by morphological criteria before the third week in culture, for it is not until then that the basic morphology and size of neurones...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hooghe-Peters EL,Fowlkes BJ,Hooghe RJ

更新日期：1979-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:In the coming decades, a crucial challenge for humanity will be meeting future food demands without undermining further the integrity of the Earth's environmental systems. Agricultural systems are already major forces of global environmental degradation, but population growth and increasing consumption of calorie- and...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mueller ND,Gerber JS,Johnston M,Ray DK,Ramankutty N,Foley JA

更新日期：2012-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Contraction of cardiac muscle depends on a transient rise of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) which is initiated by the action potential. It has, however, also been suggested that [Ca2+]i can fluctuate in the absence of changes in membrane potential. The evidence for this is indirect and comes from observ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Orchard CH,Eisner DA,Allen DG

更新日期：1983-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognition of an avirulent pathogen triggers the rapid production of the reactive oxygen intermediates superoxide (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). This oxidative burst drives crosslinking of the cell wall, induces several plant genes involved in cellular protection and defence, and is necessary for the initiation ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Delledonne M,Xia Y,Dixon RA,Lamb C

更新日期：1998-08-06 00:00:00