Structural basis of glutamate recognition by a dimeric metabotropic glutamate receptor.

abstract：:The sequence of the mouse genome is a key informational tool for understanding the contents of the human genome and a key experimental tool for biomedical research. Here, we report the results of an international collaboration to produce a high-quality draft sequence of the mouse genome. We also present an initial com...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mouse Genome Sequencing Consortium.,Waterston RH,Lindblad-Toh K,Birney E,Rogers J,Abril JF,Agarwal P,Agarwala R,Ainscough R,Alexandersson M,An P,Antonarakis SE,Attwood J,Baertsch R,Bailey J,Barlow K,Beck S,Berry E,Bir

更新日期：2002-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:B-RAF is the most frequently mutated protein kinase in human cancers. The finding that oncogenic mutations in BRAF are common in melanoma, followed by the demonstration that these tumours are dependent on the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway, offered hope that inhibition of B-RAF kinase activity could benefit melanoma patients. He...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bollag G,Hirth P,Tsai J,Zhang J,Ibrahim PN,Cho H,Spevak W,Zhang C,Zhang Y,Habets G,Burton EA,Wong B,Tsang G,West BL,Powell B,Shellooe R,Marimuthu A,Nguyen H,Zhang KY,Artis DR,Schlessinger J,Su F,Higgins B,Iy

更新日期：2010-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) inhibiting normal cellular growth are frequently silenced epigenetically in cancer. DNA methylation is commonly associated with TSG silencing, yet mutations in the DNA methylation initiation and recognition machinery in carcinogenesis are unknown. An intriguing possible mechanism for gen...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yu W,Gius D,Onyango P,Muldoon-Jacobs K,Karp J,Feinberg AP,Cui H

更新日期：2008-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:(S)-2-hydroxypropylphosphonate ((S)-2-HPP) epoxidase (HppE) is a mononuclear non-haem-iron-dependent enzyme responsible for the final step in the biosynthesis of the clinically useful antibiotic fosfomycin. Enzymes of this class typically catalyse oxygenation reactions that proceed via the formation of substrate radic...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chang WC,Dey M,Liu P,Mansoorabadi SO,Moon SJ,Zhao ZK,Drennan CL,Liu HW

更新日期：2013-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The plasma membrane-bound mammalian ras proteins of relative molecular mass 21,000 (ras p21) share biochemical and structural properties with other guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (G-proteins). Oncogenic ras p21 variants result from amino acid substitutions at specific positions that cause p21 to occur ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vogel US,Dixon RA,Schaber MD,Diehl RE,Marshall MS,Scolnick EM,Sigal IS,Gibbs JB

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Freeman M

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The first zygotic genes to be expressed during early Drosophila development are the gap genes. Their role is to read and interpret coarse positional information deposited in the egg by the mother and to refine it by cross-regulatory interactions and by controlling a class of pair-rule genes. Little is known about the ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Treisman J,Desplan C

更新日期：1989-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Kinetoplastid RNA editing alters mitochondrial RNA transcripts by addition and deletion of uridine residues, producing open reading frames that may be twice as long as the original RNA. Although the COIII gene encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunit III in Trypanosoma brucei is edited along its entire length, the presum...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Landweber LF,Gilbert W

更新日期：1993-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Spacecraft observations show that the presence of lightning activity is not confined to the terrestrial atmosphere, but is also found in the atmospheres of Venus, Jupiter and Saturn. Lightning activity may also occur in Titan's thick atmosphere. Calculations show that lightning produces a significant fraction of the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Borucki WJ,McKay CP

更新日期：1987-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis is currently limited by difficulties in obtaining live neurons from patients and the inability to model the sporadic form of the disease. It may be possible to overcome these challenges by reprogramming primary cells from patients into induced pluripotent stem cell...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Israel MA,Yuan SH,Bardy C,Reyna SM,Mu Y,Herrera C,Hefferan MP,Van Gorp S,Nazor KL,Boscolo FS,Carson CT,Laurent LC,Marsala M,Gage FH,Remes AM,Koo EH,Goldstein LS

更新日期：2012-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The RNA polymerase II large subunit contains an essential carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) believed to be involved in the response to regulators during transcription initiation. The CTD is phosphorylated on a portion of RNA polymerase II molecules in vivo and it can be phosphorylated by the general transcription factor T...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Serizawa H,Mäkelä TP,Conaway JW,Conaway RC,Weinberg RA,Young RA

更新日期：1995-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutational activation of BRAF is the most prevalent genetic alteration in human melanoma, with ≥50% of tumours expressing the BRAF(V600E) oncoprotein. Moreover, the marked tumour regression and improved survival of late-stage BRAF-mutated melanoma patients in response to treatment with vemurafenib demonstrates the ess...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Das Thakur M,Salangsang F,Landman AS,Sellers WR,Pryer NK,Levesque MP,Dummer R,McMahon M,Stuart DD

更新日期：2013-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Interstellar dust plays a crucial role in the evolution of the Universe by assisting the formation of molecules, by triggering the formation of the first low-mass stars, and by absorbing stellar ultraviolet-optical light and subsequently re-emitting it at infrared/millimetre wavelengths. Dust is thought to be produced...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Maiolino R,Schneider R,Oliva E,Bianchi S,Ferrara A,Mannucci F,Pedani M,Sogorb MR

更新日期：2004-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulation of cell proliferation is necessary for immune responses, tissue repair, and upkeep of organ function to maintain human health. When proliferating cells complete mitosis, a fraction of newly born daughter cells immediately enter the next cell cycle, while the remaining cells in the same population exit to a ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yang HW,Chung M,Kudo T,Meyer T

更新日期：2017-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The class II region of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) encodes a polymorphic set of cell surface glycoproteins involved in the regulation of the immune response. Each glycoprotein is a heterodimer composed of a alpha-chain of relative molecular mass (Mr) 34,000 (34 K) and a beta-chain of Mr = 28K. The...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hardy DA,Bell JI,Long EO,Lindsten T,McDevitt HO

更新日期：1986-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Electric-field-induced charge separation (polarization) is the most fundamental manifestation of the interaction of light with matter and a phenomenon of great technological relevance. Nonlinear optical polarization produces coherent radiation in spectral ranges inaccessible by lasers and constitutes the key to ultima...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sommer A,Bothschafter EM,Sato SA,Jakubeit C,Latka T,Razskazovskaya O,Fattahi H,Jobst M,Schweinberger W,Shirvanyan V,Yakovlev VS,Kienberger R,Yabana K,Karpowicz N,Schultze M,Krausz F

更新日期：2016-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The Ndc80 complex is a key site of regulated kinetochore-microtubule attachment (a process required for cell division), but the molecular mechanism underlying its function remains unknown. Here we present a subnanometre-resolution cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of the human Ndc80 complex bound to microtubules...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Alushin GM,Ramey VH,Pasqualato S,Ball DA,Grigorieff N,Musacchio A,Nogales E

更新日期：2010-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Inhibition of the TOR signalling pathway by genetic or pharmacological intervention extends lifespan in invertebrates, including yeast, nematodes and fruitflies; however, whether inhibition of mTOR signalling can extend lifespan in a mammalian species was unknown. Here we report that rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mTO...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Harrison DE,Strong R,Sharp ZD,Nelson JF,Astle CM,Flurkey K,Nadon NL,Wilkinson JE,Frenkel K,Carter CS,Pahor M,Javors MA,Fernandez E,Miller RA

更新日期：2009-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The presence of papillomaviruses in epithelial-derived cancers from several animal species has led to the speculation that these viruses may also have a pathogenic role in the development of certain human carcinomas, particularly those associated with the anogenital tract. Recently, human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA has ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zachow KR,Ostrow RS,Bender M,Watts S,Okagaki T,Pass F,Faras AJ

更新日期：1982-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:High-coverage whole-genome sequence studies have so far focused on a limited number of geographically restricted populations, or been targeted at specific diseases, such as cancer. Nevertheless, the availability of high-resolution genomic data has led to the development of new methodologies for inferring population hi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pagani L,Lawson DJ,Jagoda E,Mörseburg A,Eriksson A,Mitt M,Clemente F,Hudjashov G,DeGiorgio M,Saag L,Wall JD,Cardona A,Mägi R,Wilson Sayres MA,Kaewert S,Inchley C,Scheib CL,Järve M,Karmin M,Jacobs GS,Antao T,Ilie

更新日期：2016-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium signalling in astrocytes couples changes in neural activity to alterations in cerebral blood flow by eliciting vasoconstriction or vasodilation of arterioles. However, the mechanism for how these opposite astrocyte influences provide appropriate changes in vessel tone within an environment that has dynamic met...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gordon GR,Choi HB,Rungta RL,Ellis-Davies GC,MacVicar BA

更新日期：2008-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown previously that chromosome VI of Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains nine origins of DNA replication that differ in initiation frequency and replicate sequentially during the S phase of the cell cycle. Here we show that there are links between activation of these multiple origins and regulation of S-phase ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shirahige K,Hori Y,Shiraishi K,Yamashita M,Takahashi K,Obuse C,Tsurimoto T,Yoshikawa H

更新日期：1998-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Biodiversity is rapidly declining, and this may negatively affect ecosystem processes, including economically important ecosystem services. Previous studies have shown that biodiversity has positive effects on organisms and processes across trophic levels. However, only a few studies have so far incorporated an explic...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Scherber C,Eisenhauer N,Weisser WW,Schmid B,Voigt W,Fischer M,Schulze ED,Roscher C,Weigelt A,Allan E,Bessler H,Bonkowski M,Buchmann N,Buscot F,Clement LW,Ebeling A,Engels C,Halle S,Kertscher I,Klein AM,Koller R,

更新日期：2010-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has used the latest sequencing and analysis methods to identify somatic variants across thousands of tumours. Here we present data and analytical results for point mutations and small insertions/deletions from 3,281 tumours across 12 tumour types as part of the TCGA Pan-Cancer effort. We...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kandoth C,McLellan MD,Vandin F,Ye K,Niu B,Lu C,Xie M,Zhang Q,McMichael JF,Wyczalkowski MA,Leiserson MDM,Miller CA,Welch JS,Walter MJ,Wendl MC,Ley TJ,Wilson RK,Raphael BJ,Ding L

更新日期：2013-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The genome of Aspergillus oryzae, a fungus important for the production of traditional fermented foods and beverages in Japan, has been sequenced. The ability to secrete large amounts of proteins and the development of a transformation system have facilitated the use of A. oryzae in modern biotechnology. Although both...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Machida M,Asai K,Sano M,Tanaka T,Kumagai T,Terai G,Kusumoto K,Arima T,Akita O,Kashiwagi Y,Abe K,Gomi K,Horiuchi H,Kitamoto K,Kobayashi T,Takeuchi M,Denning DW,Galagan JE,Nierman WC,Yu J,Archer DB,Bennett JW,Bh

更新日期：2005-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcification of the aortic valve is the third leading cause of heart disease in adults. The incidence increases with age, and it is often associated with a bicuspid aortic valve present in 1-2% of the population. Despite the frequency, neither the mechanisms of valve calcification nor the developmental origin of a tw...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Garg V,Muth AN,Ransom JF,Schluterman MK,Barnes R,King IN,Grossfeld PD,Srivastava D

更新日期：2005-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Ribosomes are translational machineries that catalyse protein synthesis. Ribosome structures from various species are known at the atomic level, but obtaining the structure of the human ribosome has remained a challenge; efforts to address this would be highly relevant with regard to human diseases. Here we report the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Khatter H,Myasnikov AG,Natchiar SK,Klaholz BP

更新日期：2015-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The preparation of synthetic molecules showing the remarkable efficiencies characteristic of natural biopolymer catalysts remains a formidable challenge for chemical biology. Although significant advances have been made in the understanding of protein structure and function, the de novo construction of such systems re...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Severin K,Lee DH,Kennan AJ,Ghadiri MR

更新日期：1997-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The factors driving glacial changes in ocean overturning circulation are not well understood. On the basis of a comparison of 20 climate variables over the past four glacial cycles, the SPECMAP project proposed that summer insolation at high northern latitudes (that is, Milankovitch forcing) drives the same sequence o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lisiecki LE,Raymo ME,Curry WB

更新日期：2008-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The engrailed gene product of Drosophila specifies the fate of a subset of cells in each segment. Our studies of engrailed regulation suggest that fate determination is an elaborate, multistep process. At the time in embryogenesis when the engrailed-dependent cell fate is probably determined, four modes of control act...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Heemskerk J,DiNardo S,Kostriken R,O'Farrell PH

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00