Abstract:
:Kinetoplastid RNA editing alters mitochondrial RNA transcripts by addition and deletion of uridine residues, producing open reading frames that may be twice as long as the original RNA. Although the COIII gene encoding cytochrome c oxidase subunit III in Trypanosoma brucei is edited along its entire length, the presumably homologous genes in two related trypanosomes, Leishmania tarentolae and Crithidia fasciculata, are only modestly edited at their 5' ends. We used a comparative approach to investigate the evolution of an edited gene and to determine how well editing creates conserved protein sequences. As RNA editing probably involves the pairing of several guide RNA molecules with the messenger RNA, we expected the edited proteins to be resistant to evolutionary change. Here we report that RNA editing is extensive in the mitochondria of four species of the insect parasite Herpetomonas, which is possibly an evolutionary precursor of T. brucei and L. tarentolae, and the discovery that RNA editing is a novel source of frameshift mutations over evolutionary time. The edited proteins accumulate mutations nearly twice as rapidly as the unedited versions.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Landweber LF,Gilbert Wdoi
10.1038/363179a0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-05-13 00:00:00pages
179-82issue
6425eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687journal_volume
363pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract::Published data from X-ray telescopes are not adequate to reveal the fluctuations in the surface brightness of the background radiation caused by clustering or superclustering of the sources giving rise to the background. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/238020a0
更新日期:1972-07-07 00:00:00
abstract::Maize smut caused by the fungus Ustilago maydis is a widespread disease characterized by the development of large plant tumours. U. maydis is a biotrophic pathogen that requires living plant tissue for its development and establishes an intimate interaction zone between fungal hyphae and the plant plasma membrane. U. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature10454
更新日期:2011-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::Bcl-2 was isolated from the t(14;18) chromosomal breakpoint in follicular B-cell lymphoma. Bcl-2 has the unique oncogenic role of extending cell survival by inhibiting a variety of apoptotic deaths. An emerging family of Bcl-2-related proteins share two highly conserved regions referred to here as Bcl-2 homology 1 and...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/369321a0
更新日期:1994-05-26 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/d41586-019-00673-1
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phase-dependent forms of microscopy (such as phase contrast, interference, or polarization microscopy) have been used for many years; the amount of phase retardation produces images based mainly on index of refraction. We have developed a microscope that forms images that depend on small differences in extinction for ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/328452a0
更新日期:1987-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::The c-myc gene product is a nuclear protein expressed in a wide variety of cell types. It has been implicated in the control of normal cell growth as well as transformation, but its exact function is unknown. When the human promyelocytic leukaemia cell line HL60 is treated with retinoic acid, the cells differentiate i...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/321702a0
更新日期:1986-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction of DNA fragments, hundreds of kilobases in size, into mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells would greatly advance the ability to manipulate the mouse genome. Mice generated from such modified cells would permit investigation of the function and expression of very large or crudely mapped genes. Large DNA molecul...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/362255a0
更新日期:1993-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::Recognition of objects or environmental landmarks is problematic because appearance can vary widely depending on illumination, viewing distance, angle of view and so on. Storing a separate image or 'template' for every possible view requires vast numbers to be stored and scanned, has a high probability of recognition ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35001064
更新日期:2000-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::The ice-rich surface of the jovian satellite Europa is sparsely cratered, suggesting that this moon might be geologically active today. Moreover, models of the satellite's interior indicate that tidal interactions with Jupiter might produce enough heat to maintain a subsurface liquid water layer. But the mechanisms of...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/34862
更新日期:1998-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals with congenital or acquired prolongation of the QT interval, or long QT syndrome (LQTS), are at risk of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmia. LQTS is commonly genetic in origin but can also be caused or exacerbated by environmental factors. A missense mutation in the L-type calcium channel Ca(V)1.2 lead...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature09855
更新日期:2011-03-10 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about virus-host cell interactions that regulate the lytic potential of viruses during productive replication. Sindbis virus (SV), a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus in the alphavirus genus (family Togaviridae), results in lytic infection in most vertebrate cell lines, but persistent productive...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/361739a0
更新日期:1993-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::One simple, widely accepted mechanism for generating an aberrant chromosome number, or aneuploidy, is through nondisjunction--a chromosome distribution error that occurs during mitosis when both copies of a duplicated chromosome are deposited into one daughter cell and none into the other. Shi and King challenge this ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05139
更新日期:2006-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::It is commonly assumed that certain features are so elementary to the visual system that they require no attentional resources to be perceived. Such 'preattentive' features are traditionally identified by visual search performance, in which the reaction time for detecting a feature difference against a set of distract...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/42940
更新日期:1997-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::The Southern Ocean houses a diverse and productive community of organisms. Unicellular eukaryotic diatoms are the main primary producers in this environment, where photosynthesis is limited by low concentrations of dissolved iron and large seasonal fluctuations in light, temperature and the extent of sea ice. How diat...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature20803
更新日期:2017-01-26 00:00:00
abstract::The enzyme isopenicillin N synthetase (IPS) catalyses the oxidative condensation of delta-(L-alpha-aminoadipyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (LLD-ACV) to isopenicillin N, which is a central reaction in the pathway to clinically important penicillins and cephalosporins. Here we report the cloning, characterization and expressi...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/318191a0
更新日期:1985-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::The ultimate mechanism that cells use to ensure the quality of intracellular proteins is the selective destruction of misfolded or damaged polypeptides. In eukaryotic cells, the large ATP-dependent proteolytic machine, the 26S proteasome, prevents the accumulation of non-functional, potentially toxic proteins. This pr...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nature02263
更新日期:2003-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::A multitude of heptahelical receptors use heterotrimeric G proteins to transduce signals to specific effector target molecules. The G protein transducin, Gt, couples photon-activated rhodopsin with the effector cyclic GMP phosophodiesterase (PDE) in the vertebrate phototransduction cascade. The interactions of the Gt ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35059138
更新日期:2001-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::Neutralizing antibody function provides a foundation for the efficacy of vaccines and therapies1-3. Here, using a robust in vitro Ebola virus (EBOV) pseudo-particle infection assay and a well-defined set of solid-phase assays, we describe a wide spectrum of antibody responses in a cohort of healthy survivors of the Si...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03146-y
更新日期:2021-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::Ribonucleotide reductase, an essential enzyme for the synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides, is formed by the association of two nonidentical subunits in almost all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The same model probably holds for the herpes simplex virus (HSV)-encoded ribonucleotide reductase; two polypeptides of relat...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/321441a0
更新日期:1986-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Intensive fisheries have reduced fish biodiversity and abundance in aquatic ecosystems worldwide1-3. 'No-take' marine reserves have become a cornerstone of marine ecosystem-based fisheries management4-6, and their benefits for adjacent fisheries are maximized when reserve design fosters synergies among nearby reserves...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2944-y
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The observed number counts of high-redshift galaxy candidates have been used to build up a statistical description of star-forming activity at redshift z ≳ 7, when galaxies reionized the Universe. Standard models predict that a high incidence of gravitational lensing will probably distort measurements of flux and numb...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature09619
更新日期:2011-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Capacitors are a mainstay of electronic integrated circuits and devices, where they perform essential functions such as storing electrical charge, and blocking direct current while allowing alternating currents to propagate. Because they are often the largest components in circuits, extensive efforts are directed at r...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05148
更新日期:2006-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::The protein coding sequences of most eukaryotic messenger RNA precursors (pre-mRNAs) are interrupted by non-coding sequences called introns. Pre-mRNA splicing is the process by which introns are removed and the protein coding elements assembled into mature mRNAs. Alternative pre-mRNA splicing selectively joins differe...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/418236a
更新日期:2002-07-11 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 评论,新闻
doi:10.1038/d41586-018-07224-0
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The RNA polymerase II large subunit contains an essential carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) believed to be involved in the response to regulators during transcription initiation. The CTD is phosphorylated on a portion of RNA polymerase II molecules in vivo and it can be phosphorylated by the general transcription factor T...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/374280a0
更新日期:1995-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::Inorganic nanoparticles exhibit size-dependent properties that are of interest for applications ranging from biosensing and catalysis to optics and data storage. They are readily available in a wide variety of discrete compositions and sizes. Shape-selective synthesis strategies now also yield shapes other than nanosp...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature02020
更新日期:2003-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::Sea ice and dust flux increased greatly in the Southern Ocean during the last glacial period. Palaeorecords provide contradictory evidence about marine productivity in this region, but beyond one glacial cycle, data were sparse. Here we present continuous chemical proxy data spanning the last eight glacial cycles (740...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature04614
更新日期:2006-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::A rapid decrease in shear velocity in the suboceanic mantle is used to infer the thickness of the lithosphere. It is proposed that new and highly precise group velocity data constrain the solutions and imply a thickness near 70 km. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/226330a0
更新日期:1970-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::Arachidonic acid is released by phospholipase A2 when activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors by neurotransmitter glutamate raises the calcium concentration in neurons, for example during the initiation of long-term potentiation and during brain anoxia. Here we investigate the effect of arachidonic acid on...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/355722a0
更新日期:1992-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::Protein ubiquitination is a common form of post-translational modification that regulates a broad spectrum of protein substrates in diverse cellular pathways. Through a three-enzyme (E1-E2-E3) cascade, the attachment of ubiquitin to proteins is catalysed by the E3 ubiquitin ligase, which is best represented by the sup...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05175
更新日期:2006-10-05 00:00:00