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NATURE文献大全abstract::In Xenopus the c-mos proto-oncogene product (Mos) is essential for the initiation of oocyte maturation, for the progression from meiosis I to meiosis II and for the second meiotic metaphase arrest, acting as an essential component of the cytostatic factor CSF. Its function in mouse oocytes is unclear, however, as is t...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/370068a0
更新日期:1994-07-07 00:00:00
abstract::Dynein and its cofactor dynactin form a highly processive microtubule motor in the presence of an activating adaptor, such as BICD2. Different adaptors link dynein and dynactin to distinct cargoes. Here we use electron microscopy and single-molecule studies to show that adaptors can recruit a second dynein to dynactin...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature25462
更新日期:2018-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous studies have suggested that biodiversity reduces variability in ecosystem productivity through compensatory effects; that is, a species increases in its abundance in response to the reduction of another in a fluctuating environment. But this view has been challenged on several grounds. Because most studies ha...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature02850
更新日期:2004-09-09 00:00:00
abstract::Transfer RNA nucleotidyltransferases (CCA-adding enzymes) are responsible for the maturation or repair of the functional 3' end of tRNAs by means of the addition of the essential nucleotides CCA. However, it is unclear how tRNA nucleotidyltransferases polymerize CCA onto the 3' terminus of immature tRNAs without using...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature02711
更新日期:2004-08-05 00:00:00
abstract::Herpesviruses are characterized by their ability to maintain life-long latent infections in their animal hosts. However, the mechanisms that allow establishment and maintenance of the latent state remain poorly understood. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) establishes latency in neurons of sensory ganglia, where the only...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature07103
更新日期:2008-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::Injury causes a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that is clinically much like sepsis. Microbial pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) activate innate immunocytes through pattern recognition receptors. Similarly, cellular injury can release endogenous 'damage'-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature08780
更新日期:2010-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::Type Ia supernovae have been used empirically as 'standard candles' to demonstrate the acceleration of the expansion of the Universe even though fundamental details, such as the nature of their progenitor systems and how the stars explode, remain a mystery. There is consensus that a white dwarf star explodes after acc...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature10644
更新日期:2011-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::Presenilin and signal peptide peptidase (SPP) are intramembrane aspartyl proteases that regulate important biological functions in eukaryotes. Mechanistic understanding of presenilin and SPP has been hampered by lack of relevant structural information. Here we report the crystal structure of a presenilin/SPP homologue...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature11801
更新日期:2013-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::The eukaryotic cell cycle comprises an ordered series of events, orchestrated by the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), leading from chromosome replication during S phase to their segregation in mitosis. The unidirectionality of cell-cycle transitions is fundamental for the successful completion of this cycl...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature07984
更新日期:2009-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have shown that initial sensitization to airborne environmental allergens occurs typically in early childhood, but subsequent progression to persistent atopic asthma, which may not manifest for several years, is restricted to only a subset of atopics. The key to establishing the link between atopy and a...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/35037009
更新日期:1999-11-25 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetics of the thrombin-catalysed release of fibrino-peptides A and B from human fibrinogen have been investigated and a mechanism correlating the release of fibrinopeptides to fibrin formation is presented. The sequential release of fibrinopeptides results in sequential activation of two sets of polymerisation s...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/275501a0
更新日期:1978-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::The medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) is part of the brain's circuit for dynamic representation of self-location. The metric of this representation is provided by grid cells, cells with spatial firing fields that tile environments in a periodic hexagonal pattern. Limited anatomical sampling has obscured whether the grid ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature11649
更新日期:2012-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Cation-selective P2X receptor channels were first described in sensory neurons where they are important for primary afferent neurotransmission and nociception. Here we report the cloning of a complementary DNA (P2X3) from rat dorsal root ganglia that had properties dissimilar to those of sensory neurons. We also found...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/377432a0
更新日期:1995-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, expel toxic chemicals through tripartite efflux pumps that span both the inner and outer membrane. The three parts are an inner membrane, substrate-binding transporter; a membrane fusion protein; and an outer-membrane-anchored channel. The fusion protein connects the t...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature09743
更新日期:2011-02-24 00:00:00
abstract::Transitive inference (TI) involves using known relationships to deduce unknown ones (for example, using A > B and B > C to infer A > C), and is thus essential to logical reasoning. First described as a developmental milestone in children, TI has since been reported in nonhuman primates, rats and birds. Still, how anim...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05511
更新日期:2007-01-25 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin resistance occurs in a variety of conditions, including diabetes, obesity and essential hypertension, but its underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. In type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, it is insulin-resistance in skeletal muscle, the chief site of insulin-mediated glucose disposal in hum...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/335632a0
更新日期:1988-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::Noradrenaline releases prostaglandins in the kidney, and in rats these augment rather than reduce vasoconstriction produced by the amine. Homogenates of kidneys of New Zealand rats inbred for hypertension exhibit lower prostaglandin inactivation by 15-hydroxydehydrogenase than controls. At the same time, augmentation ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/260582a0
更新日期:1976-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Assembly of multi-component supramolecular machines is fundamental to biology, yet in most cases, assembly pathways and their control are poorly understood. An example is the type III secretion machine, which mediates the transfer of bacterial virulence proteins into host cells. A central component of this nanomachine...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature04822
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Geochemical and sedimentological evidence suggest that the rapid climate warming oscillations of the last ice age, the Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles, were coupled to fluctuations in North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation through its regulation of poleward heat flux. The balance between cold meltwater from the n...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05121
更新日期:2006-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::The separation of cells into populations that do not intermix, termed compartments, is a fundamental organizing principle during development. Dorsal-ventral compartmentalization of the Drosophila wing is regulated downstream of the apterous (ap) gene, which encodes a transcription factor that specifies dorsal wing fat...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/46786
更新日期:1999-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Melanocytes are phenotypically prominent but histologically inconspicuous skin cells. They are responsible for the pigmentation of skin and hair, and thereby contribute to the appearance of skin and provide protection from damage by ultraviolet radiation. Pigmentation mutants in various species are highly informative ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/nature05660
更新日期:2007-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer-associated systemic inflammation is strongly linked to poor disease outcome in patients with cancer1,2. For most human epithelial tumour types, high systemic neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios are associated with poor overall survival3, and experimental studies have demonstrated a causal relationship between neutr...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1450-6
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gut microbes supply the human body with energy from dietary polysaccharides through carbohydrate active enzymes, or CAZymes, which are absent in the human genome. These enzymes target polysaccharides from terrestrial plants that dominated diet throughout human evolution. The array of CAZymes in gut microbes is highly ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature08937
更新日期:2010-04-08 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the molecular basis of microtubule-associated motility during mitosis, the mechanochemical factors that generate the relevant motile force must be identified. Myosin, the ATPase that interacts with actin to produce the force for muscle contraction and other forms of cell motility, is believed to be invol...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/318483a0
更新日期:1985-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::The assembly of ribosomes in bacterial cells is a complex process that remains poorly characterized. The in vitro assembly of active ribosomal subunits from purified RNA and protein components indicates that all of the information for proper assembly resides in the primary sequences of these macromolecules. On the oth...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/336496a0
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::For many decades comparative analyses of protein sequences and structures have been used to investigate fundamental principles of molecular evolution. In contrast, relatively little is known about the long-term evolution of species' phenotypic and genetic properties. This represents an important gap in our understandi...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature13827
更新日期:2015-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Human activities are causing Earth's sixth major extinction event-an accelerating decline of the world's stocks of biological diversity at rates 100 to 1,000 times pre-human levels. Historically, low-impact intrusion into species habitats arose from local demands for food, fuel and living space. However, in today's in...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature11145
更新日期:2012-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Eukaryotes and archaea use a protease called the proteasome that has an integral role in maintaining cellular function through the selective degradation of proteins. Proteolysis occurs in a barrel-shaped 20S core particle, which in Thermoplasma acidophilum is built from four stacked homoheptameric rings of subunits, α...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature09444
更新日期:2010-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::In information processing, as in physics, our classical world view provides an incomplete approximation to an underlying quantum reality. Quantum effects like interference and entanglement play no direct role in conventional information processing, but they can--in principle now, but probably eventually in practice--b...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35005001
更新日期:2000-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::Enveloped viruses have evolved complex glycoprotein machinery that drives the fusion of viral and cellular membranes, permitting entry of the viral genome into the cell. For the paramyxoviruses, the fusion (F) protein catalyses this membrane merger and entry step, and it has been postulated that the F protein undergoe...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature04322
更新日期:2006-01-05 00:00:00