Abstract：
:Mutations in ALPL result in hypophosphatasia (HPP), a disease causing defective skeletal mineralization. ALPL encodes tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (ALP), an enzyme that promotes mineralization by reducing inorganic pyrophosphate, a mineralization inhibitor. In addition to skeletal defects, HPP causes dental defects, and a mild clinical form of HPP, odontohypophosphatasia, features only a dental phenotype. The Alpl knockout (Alpl (-/-)) mouse phenocopies severe infantile HPP, including profound skeletal and dental defects. However, the severity of disease in Alpl (-/-) mice prevents analysis at advanced ages, including studies to target rescue of dental tissues. We aimed to generate a knock-in mouse model of odontohypophosphatasia with a primarily dental phenotype, based on a mutation (c.346G>A) identified in a human kindred with autosomal dominant odontohypophosphatasia. Biochemical, skeletal, and dental analyses were performed on the resulting Alpl(+/A116T) mice to validate this model. Alpl(+/A116T) mice featured 50% reduction in plasma ALP activity compared with wild-type controls. No differences in litter size, survival, or body weight were observed in Alpl(+/A116T) versus wild-type mice. The postcranial skeleton of Alpl(+/A116T) mice was normal by radiography, with no differences in femur length, cortical/trabecular structure or mineral density, or mechanical properties. Parietal bone trabecular compartment was mildly altered. Alpl(+/A116T) mice featured alterations in the alveolar bone, including radiolucencies and resorptive lesions, osteoid accumulation on the alveolar bone crest, and significant differences in several bone properties measured by micro-computed tomography. Nonsignificant changes in acellular cementum did not appear to affect periodontal attachment or function, although circulating ALP activity was correlated significantly with incisor cementum thickness. The Alpl(+/A116T) mouse is the first model of odontohypophosphatasia, providing insights on dentoalveolar development and function under reduced ALP, bringing attention to direct effects of HPP on alveolar bone, and offering a new model for testing potential dental-targeted therapies in future studies.
journal_name
J Dent Resjournal_title
Journal of dental researchauthors
Foster BL,Sheen CR,Hatch NE,Liu J,Cory E,Narisawa S,Kiffer-Moreira T,Sah RL,Whyte MP,Somerman MJ,Millán JLdoi
10.1177/0022034515573273subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-05-01 00:00:00pages
706-14issue
5eissn
0022-0345issn
1544-0591pii
0022034515573273journal_volume
94pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Smoking is a major risk of periodontal diseases. At the site of first contact, the gingiva is exposed to aromatic amines and polycyclic hydrocarbons. These are metabolized by the N-acetyltransferases (NAT), leading to local detoxification and/or activation reactions contributing to the risk of periodontal destruction ...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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abstract：:Dental porcelains that are designed to be fused to PFM (porcelain-fused-to-metal) alloys are formulated by their manufacturers to be closely matched in thermal expansion to these alloys. The high thermal expansion of the mineral leucite has been exploited to regulate porcelain expansion. Leucite, however, has been obs...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
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abstract：UNLABELLED:We have previously shown that the resin monomer 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) affects mouse B-lymphocyte activity, leading to increased IgG1 antibody production in vivo. In the present study, we tested, in vitro, the hypothesis that HEMA also affects human B-lymphocyte activity. The in vitro production o...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
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doi：10.1177/0022034510378522
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order for the role of parotid amylase in starch digestion in the gastro-intestinal tracts of diabetic rats to be clarified, this study investigated the effect of parotid-duct ligation on both amylase secretion from the parotid glands and pancreas into the gastro-intestinal tract and on starch digestion in the gastr...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
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doi：10.1177/00220345890680091501
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abstract：:Cytotoxicity of fine cut amalgam was persistent until 24 hours after trituration in vitro, whereas cytotoxicity of spherical amalgam diminished more quickly. Increasing mercury content in spherical amalgam increased cytotoxicity. Possible reactions for the diminution of cytotoxicity of amalgams with time are discussed...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
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更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Excessive mechanical stress (MS) during hyperocclusion is known to result in disappearance of the alveolar hard line, enlargement of the periodontal ligament (PDL) space, and destruction of alveolar bone, leading to occlusal traumatism. We hypothesized that MS induces expression of osteoclastogenesis-associated chemok...
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journal_title：Journal of dental research
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doi：10.1177/002203459607502S06
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current knowledge regarding the sensitivity of the teeth to forces is based on psychophysical experiments that measured touch detection thresholds under static jaw conditions. It is not known whether jaw movements alter the perception of forces applied to the teeth, but, based on limb movement studies, it is hypothesi...
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abstract：:Periodontal ligaments (PDLs) play an important role in remodeling the alveolar bond and cementum. Characterization of the periodontal tissue transcriptome remains incomplete, and an improved understanding of PDL features could aid in developing new regenerative therapies. Here, we aimed to generate and analyze a large...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
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更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
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更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was undertaken in order to correlate the immune status of persons with various types of immune dysfunctions with the incidence of dental caries. Preliminary data on caries experience and the microbial composition of plaque in these individuals are presented. The findings suggest that persons with immunoglob...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345770560030201
更新日期：1977-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345960750041401
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clearance of glucose from saliva was compared with that from spaces located in an intra-oral appliance. The spaces (N = 8) were similar in shape and size to posterior interdental spaces and could be sampled with a microsyringe without removing the appliance from the mouth. The subjects (N = 5) rinsed their mouths ...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345850640030301
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/002203457905800412011
更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345780570110801
更新日期：1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A previously reported technique for staining areas of degradation in dental composite restorations was evaluated in 51 removed restorations. The staining reagent was silver nitrate, which penetrated the degraded subsurface as ionic silver and was subsequently developed into colored deposits of metallic silver. Several...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/00220345910700031201
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of dental research
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更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Journal of dental research
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journal_title：Journal of dental research
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更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/002203457605500111011
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although proanthocyanidins (PACs) modify dentin, the effectiveness of different PAC sources and the correlation with their specific chemical composition are still unknown. This study describes the chemical profiling of natural PAC-rich extracts from 7 plants using ultra high pressure/performance liquid chromatography ...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
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更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apoptosis plays important roles in various stages of organogenesis. In this study, we hypothesized that apoptosis would play an important role in tooth morphogenesis. We examined the role of apoptosis in early tooth development by using a caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk, concomitant with in vitro organ culture and tooth ...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/154405910608500610
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical bonding between dental porcelains and alloys results from interdiffusion of porcelain and metal ions. An interfacial diffusion zone is created which, most likely, has properties different from those of bulk materials. The changed interface might affect experimental measurements of thermo-mechanical strain. To...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
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更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although systemic bone loss accompanying estrogen deficiency has been proposed as a risk factor for periodontal disease in post-menopausal women, the mechanisms involved remain unclear. The objective of this study was to elucidate the potential bone-sparing effect of estrogen (17beta-estradiol, E(2)) via modulation of...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The term "artificial intelligence" (AI) refers to the idea of machines being capable of performing human tasks. A subdomain of AI is machine learning (ML), which "learns" intrinsic statistical patterns in data to eventually cast predictions on unseen data. Deep learning is a ML technique using multi-layer mathematical...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
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更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of physiological amounts of lysozyme to de-chain two serotype c strains of Streptococcus mutans was determined. Both human and hen lysozymes were equally effective in chain breakage of S. mutans DPR and S. mutans DJR. De-chaining did not affect growth of cultures, but resulted in finely dispersed suspensio...
journal_title：Journal of dental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
