Abstract：
:For nearly a century, researchers have tried to understand the swimming of aquatic animals in terms of a balance between the forward thrust from swimming movements and drag on the body. Prior approaches have failed to provide a separation of these two forces for undulatory swimmers such as lamprey and eels, where most parts of the body are simultaneously generating drag and thrust. We nonetheless show that this separation is possible, and delineate its fundamental basis in undulatory swimmers. Our approach unifies a vast diversity of undulatory aquatic animals (anguilliform, sub-carangiform, gymnotiform, bal-istiform, rajiform) and provides design principles for highly agile bioinspired underwater vehicles. This approach has practical utility within biology as well as engineering. It is a predictive tool for use in understanding the role of the mechanics of movement in the evolutionary emergence of morphological features relating to locomotion. For example, we demonstrate that the drag-thrust separation framework helps to predict the observed height of the ribbon fin of electric knifefish, a diverse group of neotropical fish which are an important model system in sensory neurobiology. We also show how drag-thrust separation leads to models that can predict the swimming velocity of an organism or a robotic vehicle.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Bale R,Shirgaonkar AA,Neveln ID,Bhalla AP,MacIver MA,Patankar NAdoi
10.1038/srep07329subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-12-10 00:00:00pages
7329issn
2045-2322pii
srep07329journal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Cells grown in three-dimensional (3D) cultures are more likely to have native cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions than in 2D cultures that impose mechanical constraints to cells. However, most 3D cultures utilise gel matrix which, while serving as a scaffold, limits application due to its solid and opaque nature an...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-21950-5
更新日期：2018-02-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD), an irreversible progressive neurodegenerative disease, causes characteristic cognitive impairment, and no curative treatments are currently available. Stem cell transplantation offers a powerful tool for the treatment of AD. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of data from cont...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1038/srep12134
更新日期：2015-07-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The Holocene drying trend in the northern Altai Mountains and the wetting trend in the southern Altai Mountains inferred from the paleoclimatic studies indicated it is needed to understand the modern climatic characters in this region. However, a detailed analysis of modern climate variations in the northern and south...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-21637-x
更新日期：2018-02-19 00:00:00
abstract：:We characterised changes in reproductive hormones-LH, FSH, SHBG and AMH-by chronological age and time around the menopause (reproductive age) in mid-life women and explored their associations with lifestyle and reproductive factors. We used data from 1608 women from a UK cohort who had repeat hormone measures and expe...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-77871-9
更新日期：2020-12-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a chronic degenerative disease of the retina. Recent reports have highlighted the potential role of mucosal surface microbes in the pathogenesis of AMD. In this case-control study, the composition of the nasal and oral microbiota in newly diagnosed neovascular age-related macu...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-60674-3
更新日期：2020-03-02 00:00:00
abstract：:As it is altered by ionizing radiation, the vascular network is considered as a prime target in limiting normal tissue damage and improving tumor control in radiation therapy. Irradiation activates endothelial cells which then participate in the recruitment of circulating cells, especially by overexpressing cell adhes...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-05563-y
更新日期：2017-07-13 00:00:00
abstract：:We aimed to establish the collective influence of four lifestyle practices (physical activity, diet, smoking and alcohol consumption) on the prevalence and incidence of AMD. At baseline, 2428 participants aged 49+ with complete lifestyle and AMD data were examined, and of these, 1903 participants were re-examined 15 y...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-04697-3
更新日期：2017-06-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Identifying early-warning signals of a critical transition for a complex system is difficult, especially when the target system is constantly perturbed by big noise, which makes the traditional methods fail due to the strong fluctuations of the observed data. In this work, we show that the critical transition is not t...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep17501
更新日期：2015-12-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Metastasis causes approximately 90% of breast cancer-related deaths in women. Previously, we have demonstrated that 2-dodecyl-6-methoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene- 1,4-dione (DMDD) remarkably inhibited the growth of human breast cancer cells with little toxicity. In this study, we investigated the toxicity and efficacy of DMD...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-07162-3
更新日期：2017-07-27 00:00:00
abstract：:L-Asparaginase (L-asparagine aminohydrolase, E.C. 3.5.1.1) has been proven to be competent in treating Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL), which is widely observed in paediatric and adult groups. Currently, clinical L-Asparaginase formulations are derived from bacterial sources such as Escherichia coli and Erwinia ch...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-38094-1
更新日期：2019-02-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Constitutive expression of Odorant-Binding Proteins (OBPs) in antennae and other body parts has been examined mainly to infer their involvement in insect olfaction, while their regulation in response to semiochemical stimuli has remained poorly known. Previous studies of semiochemical response were basically done usin...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-24297-z
更新日期：2018-04-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Glucocorticoids (GC) display pleiotropic effects on the immune system. Macrophages are a major target for GC action. Here we show that dexamethasone (DEX), a synthetic GC, decreased viability of naïve bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM), involving an apoptotic mechanism. Administration of DEX together with lipopoly...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep04323
更新日期：2014-03-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of non-poplar extracts, cutin, and wax layer in the wheat straw outer surface (WOS) greatly limit its application in bio-composite preparation. In this study, a dielectric-barrier-discharge plasma using water vapor as feeding gas was used to fast modify the WOS. The morphology, free radical concentrations...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-20285-5
更新日期：2018-02-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Seeded polymerisation of proteins forming amyloid fibres and their spread in tissues has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple neurodegenerative diseases: so called "prion-like" mechanisms. While ex vivo mammalian prions, composed of multichain assemblies of misfolded host-encoded prion protein (PrP), act as...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-36700-w
更新日期：2019-01-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The β5 subunit of the proteasome has been shown in worms and in human cell lines to be regulatory. In these models, β5 overexpression results in upregulation of the entire proteasome complex which is sufficient to increase proteotoxic stress resistance, improve metabolic parameters, and increase longevity. However, fu...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-39508-4
更新日期：2019-02-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Quaternized polyacrylic polymer has many applications in water treatment because of its ion exchange effects, but its further industrial applications are largely restricted because of its poor mechanical strength. In this work, a magnetic anion exchange resin with a polyacrylic matrix (MAP) was prepared by incorporati...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-62153-1
更新日期：2020-03-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Arrestins desensitize G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and act as mediators of signalling. Here we investigated the interactions of arrestin-1 with two functionally distinct forms of the dim-light photoreceptor rhodopsin. Using unbiased scanning mutagenesis we probed the individual contribution of each arrestin res...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep28686
更新日期：2016-06-28 00:00:00
abstract：:The phylogenetic diversity of marine bacteria belonged to the Bacillus cereus group has not been well investigated. Here, we present the genetic diversity and population structure of 71 bacteria from diverse marine environments, using a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) approach and the analyses of digital DNA-DNA hyb...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-00817-1
更新日期：2017-04-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is the causal agent of pine wilt disease that has devastated pine forests in Asia. Parasitic nematodes are known to have evolved antioxidant stress responses that defend against host plant defenses. In this study, the infestation of whitebark pine, Pinus bungean, wit...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep27438
更新日期：2016-06-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have revealed the systematic altering of gene expression in human peripheral blood during the early stages of ischemic stroke, which suggests a new potential approach for the rapid diagnosis or prediction of stroke onset. Nevertheless, due to the difficulties of collecting human samples during proper di...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep29693
更新日期：2016-07-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Current chemical markers based quality assessment methods largely fail to reflect intrinsic chemical complexity and multiple mechanisms of action of botanical drugs (BD). The development of novel quality markers is greatly needed. Here we propose bioactive chemical markers (BCM), defined as a group of chemo-markers th...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-02305-y
更新日期：2017-05-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Salinization is having a major impact on wetlands and its biota worldwide. Specifically, many migratory animals that rely on wetlands are increasingly exposed to elevated salinity on their nonbreeding grounds. Experimental evidence suggests that physiological challenges associated with increasing salinity may disrupt ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-07258-w
更新日期：2017-07-31 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate changes in the size of the population of patients who are receiving long-term, active treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This retrospective, observational study included 18,165 patients who received anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections (3,974 eyes). The injec...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-49749-y
更新日期：2019-09-13 00:00:00
abstract：:While p-n homojunctions in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide materials have been widely reported, few show an ideality factor that is constant over more than a decade in current. In this paper, electric double layer p-i-n junctions in WSe2 are shown with substantially constant ideality factors (2-3) over...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-69523-9
更新日期：2020-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to rapidly assess the efficacy of therapeutic strategies for incurable bone metastatic prostate cancer is an urgent need. Pre-clinical in vivo models are limited in their ability to define the temporal effects of therapies on simultaneous multicellular interactions in the cancer-bone microenvironment. Inte...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep29384
更新日期：2016-07-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent combination of ultra-intense lasers and laser-accelerated electron beams is enabling the development of a new generation of compact x-ray light sources, the coherence of which depends directly on electron beam emittance. Although the emittance of accelerated electron beams can be low, it can grow due to the...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep24622
更新日期：2016-04-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Aluminum-based quasicrystals typically form across narrow composition ranges within binary to quaternary alloys, which makes their fabrication and characterization challenging. Here, we use combinatorial approaches together with fast characterization techniques to study a wide compositional range including known quasi...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-43666-w
更新日期：2019-05-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Using Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), previous study showed significant gender differences for cognitive deficits in immediate and delayed memory in schizophrenia patients. However, RBANS does not include reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition. These cognitive f...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-12027-w
更新日期：2017-09-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Social immunity forms an essential part of the defence repertoire of social insects. In response to infestation by the parasitic mite Varroa destructor and its associated viruses, honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) have developed a specific behaviour (varroa-sensitive hygiene, or VSH) that helps protect the colony from th...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep25444
更新日期：2016-05-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of regenerated tobacco on the extraction of Cd from two acidic soils as well as to address the problem of how to deal with contaminated leaves following phytoextraction. Results showed that a coppicing tobacco led to a decline in Cd concentration in regenerated leave...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-05834-8
更新日期：2017-08-03 00:00:00
