Protein competition switches the function of COP9 from self-renewal to differentiation.

abstract：:Deposition of amyoid-beta peptide in the central nervous system is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and a possible cause of neurodegeneration. The factors that initiate or promote deposition of amyloid-beta peptide are not known. The transforming growth factor TGF-beta1 plays a central role in the response of the bra...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wyss-Coray T,Masliah E,Mallory M,McConlogue L,Johnson-Wood K,Lin C,Mucke L

更新日期：1997-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Uridine at the first anticodon position (U34) of glutamate, lysine and glutamine transfer RNAs is universally modified by thiouridylase into 2-thiouridine (s2U34), which is crucial for precise translation by restricting codon-anticodon wobble during protein synthesis on the ribosome. However, it remains unclear how th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Numata T,Ikeuchi Y,Fukai S,Suzuki T,Nureki O

更新日期：2006-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Devices that convert information from one form into another according to a definite procedure are known as automata. One such hypothetical device is the universal Turing machine, which stimulated work leading to the development of modern computers. The Turing machine and its special cases, including finite automata, o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Benenson Y,Paz-Elizur T,Adar R,Keinan E,Livneh Z,Shapiro E

更新日期：2001-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanism of action of antisteroids is not understood and explanations of their antagonistic activity have been sought at all levels of hormone action. It has been proposed that antisteroids, after binding to receptor, trap it into a non-activated (non DNA-binding) form possibly through interaction with a heat-sho...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Guiochon-Mantel A,Loosfelt H,Ragot T,Bailly A,Atger M,Misrahi M,Perricaudet M,Milgrom E

更新日期：1988-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of cells to form cell contacts, adhere to the extracellular matrix, change morphology, and migrate is essential for development, wound healing, metastasis, cell survival and the immune response. These events depend on the binding of integrin to the extracellular matrix, and assembly of focal adhesions, whi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ling K,Doughman RL,Firestone AJ,Bunce MW,Anderson RA

更新日期：2002-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The inhibitory activity associated with myelin is a major obstacle for successful axon regeneration in the adult mammalian central nervous system (CNS). In addition to myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and Nogo-A, available evidence suggests the existence of additional inhibitors in CNS myelin. We show here that a ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wang KC,Koprivica V,Kim JA,Sivasankaran R,Guo Y,Neve RL,He Z

更新日期：2002-06-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Patterning matter on the nanometre scale is an important objective of current materials chemistry and physics. It is driven by both the need to further miniaturize electronic components and the fact that at the nanometre scale, materials properties are strongly size-dependent and thus can be tuned sensitively. In nano...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Alivisatos AP,Johnsson KP,Peng X,Wilson TE,Loweth CJ,Bruchez MP Jr,Schultz PG

更新日期：1996-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The snowball Earth hypothesis postulates that the planet was entirely covered by ice for millions of years in the Neoproterozoic era, in a self-enhanced glaciation caused by the high albedo of the ice-covered planet. In a hard-snowball picture, the subsequent rapid unfreezing resulted from an ultra-greenhouse event at...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sansjofre P,Ader M,Trindade RI,Elie M,Lyons J,Cartigny P,Nogueira AC

更新日期：2011-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The four-chambered mammalian heart develops from two fields of cardiac progenitor cells distinguished by their spatiotemporal patterns of differentiation and contributions to the definitive heart. The first heart field differentiates earlier in lateral plate mesoderm, generates the linear heart tube and ultimately giv...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhou Y,Cashman TJ,Nevis KR,Obregon P,Carney SA,Liu Y,Gu A,Mosimann C,Sondalle S,Peterson RE,Heideman W,Burns CE,Burns CG

更新日期：2011-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Bird songs frequently contain trilling sounds that demand extremely fast vocalization control. Here we show that doves control their syrinx, a vocal organ that is unique to birds, by using superfast muscles. These muscles, which are similar to those that operate highly specialist acoustic organs such as the rattle of ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Elemans CP,Spierts IL,Müller UK,Van Leeuwen JL,Goller F

更新日期：2004-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental change has altered the phenology, morphological traits and population dynamics of many species. However, the links underlying these joint responses remain largely unknown owing to a paucity of long-term data and the lack of an appropriate analytical framework. Here we investigate the link between phenoty...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ozgul A,Childs DZ,Oli MK,Armitage KB,Blumstein DT,Olson LE,Tuljapurkar S,Coulson T

更新日期：2010-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Lord Rothschild presents his personal views about the terminology used to describe research and development. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rothschild L

更新日期：1972-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Somatic sexual differentiation in Drosophila melanogaster is accomplished by a hierarchy of genes of which one, Sex-lethal (Sxl), is required for the functional female-specific splicing of the transcripts of the immediately downstream regulatory gene, transformer (tra). The first exon of the tra primary transcript is ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Inoue K,Hoshijima K,Sakamoto H,Shimura Y

更新日期：1990-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Although freeze-fracture electron microscopy is normally analysed with the presumption that particles represent proteins embedded within the membrane, particles which appeared to represent inverted lipid micelles within membranes have been reported. I have now confirmed the occurrence of particles in protein-free lipo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Miller RG

更新日期：1980-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Witze A

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Developing neurons transiently express somatostatin and its receptors, but little is known about their function at these early stages. As we thought that endogenous somatostatin might control the migratory behaviour of immature neurons, we have examined the effects of somatostatin in cerebellar granule cells of early ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yacubova E,Komuro H

更新日期：2002-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR-JP) is an early-onset form of Parkinson's disease characterized by motor disturbances and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. To address its underlying molecular pathogenesis, we generated and characterized loss-of-function mutants of Drosophila PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Park J,Lee SB,Lee S,Kim Y,Song S,Kim S,Bae E,Kim J,Shong M,Kim JM,Chung J

更新日期：2006-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Targeted gene disruption in the mouse shows that the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) gene plays a critical role in patterning of vertebrate embryonic tissues, including the brain and spinal cord, the axial skeleton and the limbs. Early defects are observed in the establishment or maintenance of midline structures, such as the no...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chiang C,Litingtung Y,Lee E,Young KE,Corden JL,Westphal H,Beachy PA

更新日期：1996-10-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is an important model for studying the genetics of ageing, with over 50 life-extension mutations known so far. However, little is known about the pathobiology of ageing in this species, limiting attempts to connect genotype with senescent phenotype. Using ultrastructural analysis an...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Herndon LA,Schmeissner PJ,Dudaronek JM,Brown PA,Listner KM,Sakano Y,Paupard MC,Hall DH,Driscoll M

更新日期：2002-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Enhancers are DNA sequences that stimulate transcription from eukaryotic promoters. This stimulatory effect can be exerted over large distances and from a position either 5' or 3' of a promoter. Enhancers have been found in the genomes of many viruses, and in some cellular genes such as those encoding immunoglobulin h...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Garcia JV,Bich-Thuy LT,Stafford J,Queen C

更新日期：1986-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Metazoan gene regulation often involves the pausing of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) in the promoter-proximal region. Paused Pol II is stabilized by the protein complexes DRB sensitivity-inducing factor (DSIF) and negative elongation factor (NELF). Here we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of a paused transcr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vos SM,Farnung L,Urlaub H,Cramer P

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantum computers are expected to outperform conventional computers in several important applications, from molecular simulation to search algorithms, once they can be scaled up to large numbers-typically millions-of quantum bits (qubits)1-3. For most solid-state qubit technologies-for example, those using superconduc...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yang CH,Leon RCC,Hwang JCC,Saraiva A,Tanttu T,Huang W,Camirand Lemyre J,Chan KW,Tan KY,Hudson FE,Itoh KM,Morello A,Pioro-Ladrière M,Laucht A,Dzurak AS

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans differ from other primates in their significantly lengthened growth period. The persistence of a fetal pattern of brain growth after birth is another important feature of human development. Here we present the results of an analysis of the 1.8-million-year-old Mojokerto child (Perning 1, Java), the only well pr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Coqueugniot H,Hublin JJ,Veillon F,Houët F,Jacob T

更新日期：2004-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Inositol trisphosphate is a second messenger that controls many cellular processes by generating internal calcium signals. It operates through receptors whose molecular and physiological properties closely resemble the calcium-mobilizing ryanodine receptors of muscle. This family of intracellular calcium channels disp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Berridge MJ

更新日期：1993-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:ELLIPTICAL galaxies acting as gravitational lenses occasionally produce spectacular images-Einstein rings-of distant objects. Giant arcs(1) and radio rings(2) have been observed. A wide variety of image morphologies is possible, the generation of which is qualitatively understood in terms of large magnifications at ca...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Langston GI,Conner SR,Lehar J,Burke BF,Weiler KW

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of animal personalities is a topic of primary importance in behavioural ecology. An intriguing empirical fact is the consistency of animal responses to repeated stresses or threats. Wolf et al. propose an evolutionary model to explain the emergence of consistent personalities. They show that a population...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Massol F,Crochet PA

更新日期：2008-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Although parasite-host co-speciation is a long-held hypothesis, convincing evidence for long-term co-speciation remains elusive, largely because of small numbers of hosts and parasites studied and uncertainty over rates of evolutionary change. Co-speciation is especially rare in RNA viruses, in which cross-species tra...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Switzer WM,Salemi M,Shanmugam V,Gao F,Cong ME,Kuiken C,Bhullar V,Beer BE,Vallet D,Gautier-Hion A,Tooze Z,Villinger F,Holmes EC,Heneine W

更新日期：2005-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past eight hundred thousand years, glacial-interglacial cycles oscillated with a period of one hundred thousand years ('100k world'1). Ice core and ocean sediment data have shown that atmospheric carbon dioxide, Antarctic temperature, deep ocean temperature, and global ice volume correlated strongly with each...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yan Y,Bender ML,Brook EJ,Clifford HM,Kemeny PC,Kurbatov AV,Mackay S,Mayewski PA,Ng J,Severinghaus JP,Higgins JA

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During development, cells interpret complex and often conflicting signals to make optimal decisions. Plant stomata, the cellular interface between a plant and the atmosphere, develop according to positional cues, which include a family of secreted peptides called epidermal patterning factors (EPFs). How these signalli...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lee JS,Hnilova M,Maes M,Lin YC,Putarjunan A,Han SK,Avila J,Torii KU

更新日期：2015-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:When a portrait is coarsely quantized into blocks, the block structure hides the face, although lower spatial frequencies of the original image sufficient by themselves for recognition are preserved. Recognition can be recovered by blurring the image, or otherwise attenuating the spurious higher spatial frequency comp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Morrone MC,Burr DC,Ross J

更新日期：1983-09-15 00:00:00