Brain endothelial cells control fertility through ovarian-steroid-dependent release of semaphorin 3A.

abstract：:Malaria parasites possess the remarkable ability to maintain chronic infections that fail to elicit a protective immune response, characteristics that have stymied vaccine development and cause people living in endemic regions to remain at risk of malaria despite previous exposure to the disease. These traits stem fro...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Zhang X,Alexander N,Leonardi I,Mason C,Kirkman LA,Deitsch KW

更新日期：2019-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:We have obtained precatalytic (enzyme-substrate complex) and postcatalytic (enzyme-product complex) crystal structures of an active full-length hammerhead RNA that cleaves in the crystal. Using the natural satellite tobacco ringspot virus hammerhead RNA sequence, the self-cleavage reaction was modulated by substitutin...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Chi YI,Martick M,Lares M,Kim R,Scott WG,Kim SH

更新日期：2008-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms by which genes control organ shape are poorly understood. In principle, genes may control shape by modifying local rates and/or orientations of deformation. Distinguishing between these possibilities has been difficult because of interactions between patterns, orientations, and mechanical constraints du...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Green AA,Kennaway JR,Hanna AI,Bangham JA,Coen E

更新日期：2010-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Genome-wide studies of circadian transcription or mRNA translation have been hindered by the presence of heterogeneous cell populations in complex tissues such as the nervous system. We describe here the use of a Drosophila cell-specific translational profiling approach to document the rhythmic "translatome" of neural...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Huang Y,Ainsley JA,Reijmers LG,Jackson FR

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In eukaryotes, the highly conserved U3 small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) base-pairs to multiple sites in the pre-ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) to promote early cleavage and folding events. Binding of the U3 box A region to the pre-rRNA is mutually exclusive with folding of the central pseudoknot (CPK), a universally conserved r...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Sardana R,Liu X,Granneman S,Zhu J,Gill M,Papoulas O,Marcotte EM,Tollervey D,Correll CC,Johnson AW

更新日期：2015-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer research has become a global enterprise, and the number of researchers, as well as the cost for their activities, has skyrocketed. The budget for the National Cancer Institute of the United States National Institutes of Health alone was US$5.2 billion in 2015. Since most of the research is funded by public mone...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Groner BL,Hynes NE

更新日期：2016-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Phenotypic heterogeneity can confer clonal groups of organisms with new functionality. A paradigmatic example is the bistable expression of virulence genes in Salmonella typhimurium, which leads to phenotypically virulent and phenotypically avirulent subpopulations. The two subpopulations have been shown to divide lab...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Arnoldini M,Vizcarra IA,Peña-Miller R,Stocker N,Diard M,Vogel V,Beardmore RE,Hardt WD,Ackermann M

更新日期：2014-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling of the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) via its soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) is responsible for the proinflammatory properties of IL-6 and constitutes an attractive therapeutic target, but how the sIL-6R is generated in vivo remains largely unclear. Here, we use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to iden...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Riethmueller S,Somasundaram P,Ehlers JC,Hung CW,Flynn CM,Lokau J,Agthe M,Düsterhöft S,Zhu Y,Grötzinger J,Lorenzen I,Koudelka T,Yamamoto K,Pickhinke U,Wichert R,Becker-Pauly C,Rädisch M,Albrecht A,Hessefort M,Stahnke

更新日期：2017-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Microsaccades aid vision by helping to strategically sample visual scenes. Despite the importance of these small eye movements, no cortical area has ever been implicated in their generation. Here, we used unilateral and bilateral reversible inactivation of the frontal eye fields (FEF) to identify a cortical drive for ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Peel TR,Hafed ZM,Dash S,Lomber SG,Corneil BD

更新日期：2016-08-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Animals employ various types of taste receptors to identify and discriminate between different nutritious food chemicals. These macronutrients are thought to fall into 3 major groups: carbohydrates/sugars, proteins/amino acids, and fats. Here, we report that Drosophila larvae exhibit a novel appetitive feeding behavio...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Mishra D,Thorne N,Miyamoto C,Jagge C,Amrein H

更新日期：2018-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The intrinsic flexibility of proteins allows them to undergo large conformational fluctuations in solution or upon interaction with other molecules. Proteins also commonly assemble into complexes with diverse quaternary structure arrangements. Here we investigate how the flexibility of individual protein chains influe...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Marsh JA,Teichmann SA

更新日期：2014-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial cells surround neuronal endings to create enclosed compartments required for neuronal function. This architecture is seen at excitatory synapses and at sensory neuron receptive endings. Despite the prevalence and importance of these compartments, how they form is not known. We used the main sensory organ of C. e...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Oikonomou G,Perens EA,Lu Y,Watanabe S,Jorgensen EM,Shaham S

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phylosymbiosis was recently proposed to describe the eco-evolutionary pattern, whereby the ecological relatedness of host-associated microbial communities parallels the phylogeny of related host species. Here, we test the prevalence of phylosymbiosis and its functional significance under highly controlled conditions b...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Brooks AW,Kohl KD,Brucker RM,van Opstal EJ,Bordenstein SR

更新日期：2016-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In neurons polarized trafficking of vesicle-bound membrane proteins gives rise to the distinct molecular composition and functional properties of axons and dendrites. Despite their central role in shaping neuronal form and function, surprisingly little is known about the molecular processes that mediate polarized targ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Lewis TL Jr,Mao T,Arnold DB

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Animal welfare requires the adequate housing of animals to ensure health and well-being. The application of environmental enrichment is a way to improve the well-being of laboratory animals. However, it is important to know whether these enrichment items can be incorporated in experimental mouse husbandry without crea...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： André V,Gau C,Scheideler A,Aguilar-Pimentel JA,Amarie OV,Becker L,Garrett L,Hans W,Hölter SM,Janik D,Moreth K,Neff F,Östereicher M,Racz I,Rathkolb B,Rozman J,Bekeredjian R,Graw J,Klingenspor M,Klopstock T,Ollert M

更新日期：2018-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to find and consume nutrient-rich diets for successful reproduction and survival is fundamental to animal life. Among the nutrients important for all animals are polyamines, a class of pungent smelling compounds required in numerous cellular and organismic processes. Polyamine deficiency or excess has detr...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Hussain A,Zhang M,Üçpunar HK,Svensson T,Quillery E,Gompel N,Ignell R,Grunwald Kadow IC

更新日期：2016-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The WRAP53 gene gives rise to a p53 antisense transcript that regulates p53. This gene also encodes a protein that directs small Cajal body-specific RNAs to Cajal bodies. Cajal bodies are nuclear organelles involved in diverse functions such as processing ribonucleoproteins important for splicing. Here we identify the...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Mahmoudi S,Henriksson S,Weibrecht I,Smith S,Söderberg O,Strömblad S,Wiman KG,Farnebo M

更新日期：2010-11-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Rapid colour change is a remarkable natural phenomenon that has evolved in several vertebrate and invertebrate lineages. The two principal explanations for the evolution of this adaptive strategy are (1) natural selection for crypsis (camouflage) against a range of different backgrounds and (2) selection for conspicuo...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Stuart-Fox D,Moussalli A

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The organization and the mechanisms of condensation of mitotic chromosomes remain unsolved despite many decades of efforts. The lack of resolution, tight compaction, and the absence of function-specific chromatin labels have been the key technical obstacles. The correlation between DNA sequence composition and its con...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Strukov YG,Sural TH,Kuroda MI,Sedat JW

更新日期：2011-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:To elucidate the history of living and extinct elephantids, we generated 39,763 bp of aligned nuclear DNA sequence across 375 loci for African savanna elephant, African forest elephant, Asian elephant, the extinct American mastodon, and the woolly mammoth. Our data establish that the Asian elephant is the closest livi...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Rohland N,Reich D,Mallick S,Meyer M,Green RE,Georgiadis NJ,Roca AL,Hofreiter M

更新日期：2010-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Copper (Cu) has emerged as an important modifier of body lipid metabolism. However, how Cu contributes to the physiology of fat cells remains largely unknown. We found that adipocytes require Cu to establish a balance between main metabolic fuels. Differentiating adipocytes increase their Cu uptake along with the ATP7...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Yang H,Ralle M,Wolfgang MJ,Dhawan N,Burkhead JL,Rodriguez S,Kaplan JH,Wong GW,Haughey N,Lutsenko S

更新日期：2018-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, prominent theoretical linguists have argued for an explicit scenario for the evolution of the human language capacity on the basis of its computational properties. Concretely, the simplicity of a minimalist formulation of the operation Merge, which allows humans to recursively compute hierarchical relations ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Martins PT,Boeckx C

更新日期：2019-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the molecular events that underlie the evolution of morphological diversity is a major challenge in biology. Here, to identify genes whose expression correlates with species-specific morphologies, we compared transcriptomes of two closely related Hydra species. We find that species-specific differences i...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Khalturin K,Anton-Erxleben F,Sassmann S,Wittlieb J,Hemmrich G,Bosch TC

更新日期：2008-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Birds utilize a unique structure, called a syrinx, for the production of their vocalizations. The origins of the syrinx are not well understood. New work, utilizing first principles-based models, suggests that a key element in selection for the early syrinx might be the position of this vocal structure: although the l...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Habib MB

更新日期：2019-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Ribosome biogenesis is a major energy-consuming process in the cell that has to be rapidly down-regulated in response to stress or nutrient depletion. The target of rapamycin 1 (Tor1) pathway regulates synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) at the level of transcription initiation. It remains unclear whether ribosome bioge...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Kos-Braun IC,Jung I,Koš M

更新日期：2017-03-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Modeling the processes of neuronal progenitor proliferation and differentiation to produce mature cortical neuron subtypes is essential for the study of human brain development and the search for potential cell therapies. We demonstrated a novel paradigm for the generation of vascularized organoids (vOrganoids) consis...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Shi Y,Sun L,Wang M,Liu J,Zhong S,Li R,Li P,Guo L,Fang A,Chen R,Ge WP,Wu Q,Wang X

更新日期：2020-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2006145.]. ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Saran AR,Kalinowska D,Oh S,Janknecht R,DiTacchio L

更新日期：2019-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past 3 decades, in a series of studies on some of the most extensively studied toxic chemicals and pollutants, scientists have found that the amount of toxic chemical linked with the development of a disease or death-which is central to determining "safe" or "hazardous" levels-is proportionately greater at th...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Lanphear BP

更新日期：2017-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Apoptotic cells in animals are engulfed by phagocytic cells and subsequently degraded inside phagosomes. To study the mechanisms controlling the degradation of apoptotic cells, we developed time-lapse imaging protocols in developing Caenorhabditis elegans embryos and established the temporal order of multiple events d...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Yu X,Lu N,Zhou Z

更新日期：2008-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In photosynthetic organisms, feedback dissipation of excess absorbed light energy balances harvesting of light with metabolic energy consumption. This mechanism prevents photodamage caused by reactive oxygen species produced by the reaction of chlorophyll (Chl) triplet states with O₂. Plants have been found to perform...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Bonente G,Ballottari M,Truong TB,Morosinotto T,Ahn TK,Fleming GR,Niyogi KK,Bassi R

更新日期：2011-01-18 00:00:00