A novel gene family controls species-specific morphological traits in Hydra.

abstract：:There is currently a demand for new highly efficient and specific drugs to treat osteoporosis, a chronic bone disease affecting millions of people worldwide. We have developed a combinatorial strategy for engineering bispecific inhibitors that simultaneously target the unique combination of c-FMS and αvβ3 integrin, wh...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Zur Y,Rosenfeld L,Keshelman CA,Dalal N,Guterman-Ram G,Orenbuch A,Einav Y,Levaot N,Papo N

更新日期：2018-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:While the timing of neuronal activity in the olfactory bulb (OB) relative to sniffing has been the object of many studies, the behavioral relevance of timing information generated by patterned activation within the bulbar response has not been explored. Here we show, using sniff-triggered, dynamic, 2-D, optogenetic st...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Rebello MR,McTavish TS,Willhite DC,Short SM,Shepherd GM,Verhagen JV

更新日期：2014-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent cancer studies emphasize that genetic and heritable epigenetic changes drive the evolutionary rate of cancer progression and drug resistance. We discuss the ways in which nonheritable aspects of cellular variability may significantly increase evolutionary rate. Nonheritable variability arises by stochastic fluc...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Frank SA,Rosner MR

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lysosomes are ubiquitous acidified organelles that degrade intracellular and extracellular material trafficked via multiple pathways. Lysosomes also sense cellular nutrient levels to regulate target of rapamycin (TOR) kinase, a signaling enzyme that drives growth and suppresses activity of the MiT/TFE family of transc...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Murphy JT,Liu H,Ma X,Shaver A,Egan BM,Oh C,Boyko A,Mazer T,Ang S,Khopkar R,Javaheri A,Kumar S,Jiang X,Ory D,Mani K,Matkovich SJ,Kornfeld K,Diwan A

更新日期：2019-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The striatum plays a fundamental role in motor learning and reward-related behaviors that are synergistically shaped by populations of D1 dopamine receptor (D1R)- and D2 dopamine receptor (D2R)-expressing medium spiny neurons (MSNs). How various neurotransmitter inputs converging on common intracellular pathways are p...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Sutton LP,Muntean BS,Ostrovskaya O,Zucca S,Dao M,Orlandi C,Song C,Xie K,Martemyanov KA

更新日期：2019-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:microRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, 21- to 23-nucleotide cellular RNAs that control the expression of cognate target genes. Primary miRNA (pri-miRNA) transcripts are transformed to mature miRNA by the successive actions of two RNase III endonucleases. Drosha converts pri-miRNA transcripts to precursor miRNA (pre-m...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Förstemann K,Tomari Y,Du T,Vagin VV,Denli AM,Bratu DP,Klattenhoff C,Theurkauf WE,Zamore PD

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Birds utilize a unique structure, called a syrinx, for the production of their vocalizations. The origins of the syrinx are not well understood. New work, utilizing first principles-based models, suggests that a key element in selection for the early syrinx might be the position of this vocal structure: although the l...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Habib MB

更新日期：2019-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation in the brain is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. However, the molecular mechanism controlling microglial Aβ phagocytosis is poorly understood. Here we found that the E3 ubiquitin ligase Pellino 1 (Peli1) is induced in the microglia of AD-like five familial AD (5×FAD) mice, ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Xu J,Yu T,Pietronigro EC,Yuan J,Arioli J,Pei Y,Luo X,Ye J,Constantin G,Mao C,Xiao Y

更新日期：2020-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The relative contributions to modern European populations of Paleolithic hunter-gatherers and Neolithic farmers from the Near East have been intensely debated. Haplogroup R1b1b2 (R-M269) is the commonest European Y-chromosomal lineage, increasing in frequency from east to west, and carried by 110 million European men....

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Balaresque P,Bowden GR,Adams SM,Leung HY,King TE,Rosser ZH,Goodwin J,Moisan JP,Richard C,Millward A,Demaine AG,Barbujani G,Previderè C,Wilson IJ,Tyler-Smith C,Jobling MA

更新日期：2010-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Adaptor protein (AP) complexes sort cargo into vesicles for transport from one membrane compartment of the cell to another. Four distinct AP complexes have been identified, which are present in most eukaryotes. We report the existence of a fifth AP complex, AP-5. Tagged AP-5 localises to a late endosomal compartment i...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Hirst J,Barlow LD,Francisco GC,Sahlender DA,Seaman MN,Dacks JB,Robinson MS

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In neurons polarized trafficking of vesicle-bound membrane proteins gives rise to the distinct molecular composition and functional properties of axons and dendrites. Despite their central role in shaping neuronal form and function, surprisingly little is known about the molecular processes that mediate polarized targ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Lewis TL Jr,Mao T,Arnold DB

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HAPLESS2 (HAP2) is a broadly conserved, gamete-expressed transmembrane protein that was shown recently to be structurally homologous to viral class II fusion proteins, which initiate fusion with host cells via insertion of fusion loops into the host membrane. However, the functional conformation of the HAP2 fusion loo...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Fedry J,Forcina J,Legrand P,Péhau-Arnaudet G,Haouz A,Johnson M,Rey FA,Krey T

更新日期：2018-08-13 00:00:00

abstract：:During gestation, uterine smooth muscle cells transition from a state of quiescence to one of contractility, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this transition at a genomic level are not well-known. To better understand these events, we evaluated the epigenetic landscape of the mouse myometrium during the pregnan...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Shchuka VM,Abatti LE,Hou H,Khader N,Dorogin A,Wilson MD,Shynlova O,Mitchell JA

更新日期：2020-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are generated from somatic cells by genetic manipulation. Reprogramming entails multiple transgene integrations and occurs apparently stochastically in rare cells over many days. Tissue stem cells may be subject to less-stringent epigenetic restrictions than other cells and might t...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Silva J,Barrandon O,Nichols J,Kawaguchi J,Theunissen TW,Smith A

更新日期：2008-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Newborn granule cells become functionally integrated into the synaptic circuitry of the adult dentate gyrus after a morphological and electrophysiological maturation process. The molecular mechanisms by which immature neurons and the neurites extending from them find their appropriate position and target area remain l...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Jessberger S,Aigner S,Clemenson GD Jr,Toni N,Lie DC,Karalay O,Overall R,Kempermann G,Gage FH

更新日期：2008-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:In species with separate sexes, parasite prevalence and disease expression is often different between males and females. This effect has mainly been attributed to sex differences in host traits, such as immune response. Here, we make the case for how properties of the parasites themselves can also matter. Specifically...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Duneau D,Ebert D

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial cells surround neuronal endings to create enclosed compartments required for neuronal function. This architecture is seen at excitatory synapses and at sensory neuron receptive endings. Despite the prevalence and importance of these compartments, how they form is not known. We used the main sensory organ of C. e...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Oikonomou G,Perens EA,Lu Y,Watanabe S,Jorgensen EM,Shaham S

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Invariant representations of stimulus features are thought to play an important role in producing stable percepts of objects. In the present study, we assess the invariance of neural representations of tactile motion direction with respect to other stimulus properties. To this end, we record the responses evoked in in...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Pei YC,Hsiao SS,Craig JC,Bensmaia SJ

更新日期：2010-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:How often do people visit the world's protected areas (PAs)? Despite PAs covering one-eighth of the land and being a major focus of nature-based recreation and tourism, we don't know. To address this, we compiled a globally-representative database of visits to PAs and built region-specific models predicting visit rate...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Balmford A,Green JM,Anderson M,Beresford J,Huang C,Naidoo R,Walpole M,Manica A

更新日期：2015-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Copper (Cu) has emerged as an important modifier of body lipid metabolism. However, how Cu contributes to the physiology of fat cells remains largely unknown. We found that adipocytes require Cu to establish a balance between main metabolic fuels. Differentiating adipocytes increase their Cu uptake along with the ATP7...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Yang H,Ralle M,Wolfgang MJ,Dhawan N,Burkhead JL,Rodriguez S,Kaplan JH,Wong GW,Haughey N,Lutsenko S

更新日期：2018-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Sixty-five years after Turing first revealed the potential of systems with local activation and long-range inhibition to generate pattern, we have only recently begun to identify the biological elements that operate at many scales to generate periodic patterns in nature. In this Primer, we first review the theoretical...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Dalle Nogare D,Chitnis AB

更新日期：2017-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Horizontal DNA transfer (HDT) is a pervasive mechanism of diversification in many microbial species, but its primary evolutionary role remains controversial. Much recent research has emphasised the adaptive benefit of acquiring novel DNA, but here we argue instead that intragenomic conflict provides a coherent framewo...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Croucher NJ,Mostowy R,Wymant C,Turner P,Bentley SD,Fraser C

更新日期：2016-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Sleep science is entering a new era, thanks to new data-driven analysis approaches that, combined with mouse gene-editing technologies, show a promise in functional genomics and translational research. However, the investigation of sleep is time consuming and not suitable for large-scale phenotypic datasets, mainly du...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Katsageorgiou VM,Sona D,Zanotto M,Lassi G,Garcia-Garcia C,Tucci V,Murino V

更新日期：2018-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Putting a name to a face is a highly common activity in our daily life that greatly enriches social interactions. Although this specific person-identity association becomes automatic with learning, it remains difficult and can easily be disrupted in normal circumstances or neurological conditions. To shed light on the...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Volfart A,Jonas J,Maillard L,Colnat-Coulbois S,Rossion B

更新日期：2020-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Virus proliferation involves gene replication inside infected cells and transmission to new target cells. Once positive-strand RNA virus has infected a cell, the viral genome serves as a template for copying ("stay-strategy") or is packaged into a progeny virion that will be released extracellularly ("leave-strategy")...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Iwanami S,Kitagawa K,Ohashi H,Asai Y,Shionoya K,Saso W,Nishioka K,Inaba H,Nakaoka S,Wakita T,Diekmann O,Iwami S,Watashi K

更新日期：2020-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:From a research perspective, the interest in biobanking continues to intensify. Governments and industry have invested heavily in biobanks, as exemplified by initiatives like the United Kingdom Biobank and United States' Precision Medicine Initiative. But despite this enthusiasm, many profound legal and ethical challe...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Caulfield T,Murdoch B

更新日期：2017-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibiotic combination therapies are important for the efficient treatment of many types of infections, including those caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Combination treatment strategies are typically used under the assumption that synergies are conserved across species and strains, even though recent results ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Fatsis-Kavalopoulos N,Roemhild R,Tang PC,Kreuger J,Andersson DI

更新日期：2020-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Patterned spontaneous activity in the developing retina is necessary to drive synaptic refinement in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). Using perforated patch recordings from neurons in LGN slices during the period of eye segregation, we examine how such burst-based activity can instruct this refinement. Retinogeni...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Butts DA,Kanold PO,Shatz CJ

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001326.]. ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Lu W,Hu Y,Chen G,Chen Z,Zhang H,Wang F,Feng L,Pelicano H,Wang H,Keating MJ,Liu J,McKeehan W,Wang H,Luo Y,Huang P

更新日期：2017-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent findings suggest that functional brain imaging might be used to identify consciousness in patients diagnosed with persistent vegetative state and minimally conscious state. Michael Rafii and James Brewer discuss the potential for fMRI's wider implementation in clinical practice, and associated caveats. ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Rafii MS,Brewer JB

更新日期：2010-11-30 00:00:00