Bistable expression of virulence genes in salmonella leads to the formation of an antibiotic-tolerant subpopulation.

abstract：:Autophagy is the mechanism by which cellular material is delivered to lysosomes and degraded. This process has become a major focus of biological and biomedical research with thousands of papers published each year and rapidly growing appreciation that autophagy affects many normal and pathological processes. However,...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Thorburn A

更新日期：2014-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:From bacteria to humans, individual cells within isogenic populations can show significant variation in stress tolerance, but the nature of this heterogeneity is not clear. To investigate this, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to quantify transcript heterogeneity in single Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells treated with...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Gasch AP,Yu FB,Hose J,Escalante LE,Place M,Bacher R,Kanbar J,Ciobanu D,Sandor L,Grigoriev IV,Kendziorski C,Quake SR,McClean MN

更新日期：2017-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite many prior studies demonstrating offline behavioral gains in motor skills after sleep, the underlying neural mechanisms remain poorly understood. To investigate the neurophysiological basis for offline gains, we performed single-unit recordings in motor cortex as rats learned a skilled upper-limb task. We foun...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Ramanathan DS,Gulati T,Ganguly K

更新日期：2015-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:A cell is a minifactory in which structures and molecules are assembled, rearranged, disassembled, packaged, sorted, and transported. Because cellular structures and molecules are invisible to the human eye, students often have difficulty conceptualizing the dynamic nature of cells that function at multiple scales acr...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Reindl KM,White AR,Johnson C,Vender B,Slator BM,McClean P

更新日期：2015-04-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The causes and mechanisms of evolutionary diversification are central issues in biology. Geographic isolation is the traditional explanation for diversification, but recent theoretical and empirical studies have shown that frequency-dependent selection can drive diversification without isolation and that adaptive dive...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Herron MD,Doebeli M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) family of chaperones are the front line of protection from stress-induced misfolding and aggregation of polypeptides in most organisms and are responsible for promoting the stability, folding, and degradation of clients to maintain cellular protein homeostasis. Here, we demonstrat...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Ryu SW,Stewart R,Pectol DC,Ender NA,Wimalarathne O,Lee JH,Zanini CP,Harvey A,Huibregtse JM,Mueller P,Paull TT

更新日期：2020-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:During quiet resting behavior, involuntary movements are suppressed. Such movement control is attributed to cortico-basal ganglia loops, yet population dynamics within these loops during resting and their relation to involuntary movements are not well characterized. Here, we show by recording cortical and striatal ong...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Klaus A,Plenz D

更新日期：2016-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Methanotrophs are ubiquitous bacteria that can use the greenhouse gas methane as a sole carbon and energy source for growth, thus playing major roles in global carbon cycles, and in particular, substantially reducing emissions of biologically generated methane to the atmosphere. Despite their importance, and in contra...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Ward N,Larsen Ø,Sakwa J,Bruseth L,Khouri H,Durkin AS,Dimitrov G,Jiang L,Scanlan D,Kang KH,Lewis M,Nelson KE,Methé B,Wu M,Heidelberg JF,Paulsen IT,Fouts D,Ravel J,Tettelin H,Ren Q,Read T,DeBoy RT,Seshadri R,S

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flexible behavior is critical for everyday decision-making and has been implicated in restricted, repetitive behaviors (RRB) in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, how flexible behavior changes developmentally in ASD remains largely unknown. Here, we used a developmental approach and examined flexible behavior on...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Crawley D,Zhang L,Jones EJH,Ahmad J,Oakley B,San José Cáceres A,Charman T,Buitelaar JK,Murphy DGM,Chatham C,den Ouden H,Loth E,EU-AIMS LEAP group.

更新日期：2020-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations can originate from the chance misincorporation of nucleotides during DNA replication or from DNA lesions that arise between replication cycles and are not repaired correctly. We introduce a model that relates the source of mutations to their accumulation with cell divisions, providing a framework for underst...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Gao Z,Wyman MJ,Sella G,Przeworski M

更新日期：2016-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Systems biology approaches can reveal intermediary levels of organization between genotype and phenotype that often underlie biological phenomena such as polygenic effects and protein dispensability. An important conceptualization is the module, which is loosely defined as a cohort of proteins that perform a dedicated...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Batada NN,Reguly T,Breitkreutz A,Boucher L,Breitkreutz BJ,Hurst LD,Tyers M

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rapamycin (Rap) and its derivatives, called rapalogs, are being explored in clinical trials targeting cancer and neurodegeneration. The underlying mechanisms of Rap actions, however, are not well understood. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), a lysosome-localized protein kinase that acts as a critical regulator o...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Zhang X,Chen W,Gao Q,Yang J,Yan X,Zhao H,Su L,Yang M,Gao C,Yao Y,Inoki K,Li D,Shao R,Wang S,Sahoo N,Kudo F,Eguchi T,Ruan B,Xu H

更新日期：2019-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations affect individual health, population persistence, adaptation, diversification, and genome evolution. There is evidence that the mutation rate varies among genotypes, but the causes of this variation are poorly understood. Here, we link differences in genetic quality with variation in spontaneous mutation in ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Sharp NP,Agrawal AF

更新日期：2016-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：:A large repertoire of natural object manipulation tasks require precisely coupled symmetrical opposing forces by both hands on a single object. We asked how the lateralized brain handles this basic problem of spatial and temporal coordination. We show that the brain consistently appoints one of the hands as prime acto...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Johansson RS,Theorin A,Westling G,Andersson M,Ohki Y,Nyberg L

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polarized growth is maintained by both polarized exocytosis, which transports membrane components to specific locations on the cell cortex, and endocytosis, which retrieves these components before they can diffuse away. Despite functional links between these two transport pathways, they are generally considered to be ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Johansen J,Alfaro G,Beh CT

更新日期：2016-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:While the timing of neuronal activity in the olfactory bulb (OB) relative to sniffing has been the object of many studies, the behavioral relevance of timing information generated by patterned activation within the bulbar response has not been explored. Here we show, using sniff-triggered, dynamic, 2-D, optogenetic st...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Rebello MR,McTavish TS,Willhite DC,Short SM,Shepherd GM,Verhagen JV

更新日期：2014-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The organization of intra-Golgi trafficking and the nature of the transport intermediates involved (e.g., vesicles, tubules, or tubular continuities) remain incompletely understood. It was recently shown that successive cisternae in the Golgi stack are interconnected by membrane tubules that form during the arrival of...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： San Pietro E,Capestrano M,Polishchuk EV,DiPentima A,Trucco A,Zizza P,Mariggiò S,Pulvirenti T,Sallese M,Tete S,Mironov AA,Leslie CC,Corda D,Luini A,Polishchuk RS

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:What do "microbes" have to do with social equity? These microorganisms are integral to our health, that of our natural environment, and even the "health" of the environments we build. The loss, gain, and retention of microorganisms-their flow between humans and the environment-can greatly impact our health. It is well...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Ishaq SL,Rapp M,Byerly R,McClellan LS,O'Boyle MR,Nykanen A,Fuller PJ,Aas C,Stone JM,Killpatrick S,Uptegrove MM,Vischer A,Wolf H,Smallman F,Eymann H,Narode S,Stapleton E,Cioffi CC,Tavalire HF

更新日期：2019-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphoid T-zone fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) actively promote T-cell trafficking, homeostasis, and expansion but can also attenuate excessive T-cell responses via inducible nitric oxide (NO) and constitutive prostanoid release. It remains unclear how these FRC-derived mediators dampen T-cell responses and wheth...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Schaeuble K,Cannelle H,Favre S,Huang HY,Oberle SG,Speiser DE,Zehn D,Luther SA

更新日期：2019-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Motion is an essential component of everyday tactile experience: most manual interactions involve relative movement between the skin and objects. Much of the research on the neural basis of tactile motion perception has focused on how direction is encoded, but less is known about how speed is. Perceived speed has been...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Delhaye BP,O'Donnell MK,Lieber JD,McLellan KR,Bensmaia SJ

更新日期：2019-08-27 00:00:00

abstract：:As a result of sex chromosome differentiation from ancestral autosomes, male mammalian cells only contain one X chromosome. It has long been hypothesized that X-linked gene expression levels have become doubled in males to restore the original transcriptional output, and that the resulting X overexpression in females ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Julien P,Brawand D,Soumillon M,Necsulea A,Liechti A,Schütz F,Daish T,Grützner F,Kaessmann H

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The most common cystic fibrosis (CF) causing mutation, deletion of phenylalanine 508 (ΔF508 or Phe508del), results in functional expression defect of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) at the apical plasma membrane (PM) of secretory epithelia, which is attributed to the degradation of the misfolded chan...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Veit G,Oliver K,Apaja PM,Perdomo D,Bidaud-Meynard A,Lin ST,Guo J,Icyuz M,Sorscher EJ,Hartman JL IV,Lukacs GL

更新日期：2016-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the last decades, researchers have characterized a set of "clock genes" that drive daily rhythms in physiology and behavior. This arduous work has yielded results with far-reaching consequences in metabolic, psychiatric, and neoplastic disorders. Recent attempts to expand our understanding of circadian regulation...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Anafi RC,Lee Y,Sato TK,Venkataraman A,Ramanathan C,Kavakli IH,Hughes ME,Baggs JE,Growe J,Liu AC,Kim J,Hogenesch JB

更新日期：2014-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A new study identifies an unexpected role for lysophosphatidic acid in modulating the strength of both excitatory and inhibitory synapses in the brain, but by different mechanisms. Read the accompanying Research Article. ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Robinson R

更新日期：2015-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibiotic combination therapies are important for the efficient treatment of many types of infections, including those caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Combination treatment strategies are typically used under the assumption that synergies are conserved across species and strains, even though recent results ...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Fatsis-Kavalopoulos N,Roemhild R,Tang PC,Kreuger J,Andersson DI

更新日期：2020-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Our current understanding of biology is heavily based on a small number of genetically tractable model organisms. Most eukaryotic phyla lack such experimental models, and this limits our ability to explore the molecular mechanisms that ultimately define their biology, ecology, and diversity. In particular, marine prot...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Waller RF,Cleves PA,Rubio-Brotons M,Woods A,Bender SJ,Edgcomb V,Gann ER,Jones AC,Teytelman L,von Dassow P,Wilhelm SW,Collier JL

更新日期：2018-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Binocular vision requires an exquisite matching of projections from each eye to form a cohesive representation of the visual world. Eye-specific inputs are anatomically segregated, but in register in the visual thalamus, and overlap within the binocular region of primary visual cortex. Here, we show that the transmemb...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Leamey CA,Merlin S,Lattouf P,Sawatari A,Zhou X,Demel N,Glendining KA,Oohashi T,Sur M,Fässler R

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbial dysbiosis in the upper digestive tract is linked to an increased risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Overabundance of Porphyromonas gingivalis is associated with shorter survival of ESCC patients. We investigated the molecular mechanisms driving aggressive progression of ESCC by P. gingivalis....

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Qi YJ,Jiao YL,Chen P,Kong JY,Gu BL,Liu K,Feng DD,Zhu YF,Ruan HJ,Lan ZJ,Liu QW,Mi YJ,Guo XQ,Wang M,Liang GF,Lamont RJ,Wang H,Zhou FY,Feng XS,Gao SG

更新日期：2020-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Adaptive evolution is generally assumed to progress through the accumulation of beneficial mutations. However, as deleterious mutations are common in natural populations, they generate a strong selection pressure to mitigate their detrimental effects through compensatory genetic changes. This process can potentially i...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Szamecz B,Boross G,Kalapis D,Kovács K,Fekete G,Farkas Z,Lázár V,Hrtyan M,Kemmeren P,Groot Koerkamp MJ,Rutkai E,Holstege FC,Papp B,Pál C

更新日期：2014-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Membrane bioenergetics are universal, yet the phospholipid membranes of archaea and bacteria-the deepest branches in the tree of life-are fundamentally different. This deep divergence in membrane chemistry is reflected in other stark differences between the two domains, including ion pumping and DNA replication. We re...

journal_title：PLoS biology

authors： Sojo V,Pomiankowski A,Lane N

更新日期：2014-08-12 00:00:00