Gestational weight gain recommendations in the context of the obesity epidemic.

abstract：:Studying the effects of dehydration on cognitive function presents a variety of unique and difficult challenges to investigators. These challenges, which are addressed in this article, can be divided into three general categories: 1) choosing an appropriate method of generating a consistent level of dehydration; 2) de...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Lieberman HR

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review shows how some transcription factors respond to alterations in macronutrients. Carbohydrates induce enzymes for their metabolism and fatty acid synthesis. Fatty acids reduce carbohydrate processing, induce enzymes for their metabolism, and increase both gluconeogenesis and storage of fat. Fat stores help c...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Wise A

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Choline is involved in methyl group metabolism and lipid transport and is a component of a number of important biological compounds including the membrane phospholipids lecithin, sphingomyelin, and plasmalogen; the neurotransmitter acetylcholine; and platelet activating factor. Although a required nutrient for several...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Canty DJ,Zeisel SH

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aging is associated with a chronic low-grade inflammatory status that contributes to chronic diseases such as age-related muscle wasting, kidney disease, and diabetes mellitus. Since advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are known to be proinflammatory, this systematic review examined the relation between the dietary...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Van Puyvelde K,Mets T,Njemini R,Beyer I,Bautmans I

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intrinsic aging of the brain and its relationship to age-related neurodegenerative diseases need to be understood as part of global aging, which results from gradual accumulation of a variety of kinds of cellular and molecular damage. While certain kinds of molecular lesions are particularly associated with specific d...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Kirkwood TB

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Folate and vitamin B12 are required both in the methylation of homocysteine to methionine and in the synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine. S-adenosylmethionine is involved in numerous methylation reactions involving proteins, phospholipids, DNA, and neurotransmitter metabolism. Both folate and vitamin B12 deficiency may ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Bottiglieri T

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dietary management has been considered an alternative means of modulating adiponectin levels. The purpose of this review is to examine the scientific evidence regarding the effect of diet on adiponectin levels in blood. Clinical trials were selected from Medline until April 2010 using the following MeSH terms: adipoki...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Silva FM,de Almeida JC,Feoli AM

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Berries contain powerful antioxidants, potential allergens, and other bioactive compounds. Genetic and environmental factors affect production and storage of such compounds. For this reason breeding and biotechnological approaches are currently used to control or to increase the content of specific health-related comp...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Battino M,Beekwilder J,Denoyes-Rothan B,Laimer M,McDougall GJ,Mezzetti B

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants have investigated the effect of parenteral or enteral glutamine supplementation on morbidity, mortality, and outcome in the neonatal period. No evidence of toxicity of glutamine supplementation was found in these clinical trials, but the results for efficacy on a...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： van Zwol A,Neu J,van Elburg RM

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The American public consumes a wide array of caffeinated products as coffee, tea, chocolate, cola beverages, and caffeine-containing medication. Therefore, it seems of value to inform both the scientific community and the consumer about the potential effects of excessive caffeine consumption, particularly by pregnant ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Hinds TS,West WL,Knight EM,Harland BF

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Consumption of highly processed foods, such as those high in trans fats and free sugars, coupled with sedentarism and chronic stress increases the risk of obesity and cardiometabolic disorders, while adherence to a Mediterranean diet is inversely associated with the prevalence of such diseases. Olive oil is the main s...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Tomé-Carneiro J,Crespo MC,López de Las Hazas MC,Visioli F,Dávalos A

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Provision of nourishment to terminally ill patients has been a controversial topic in clinical medicine. Determination of the limits of palliative care requires an understanding of the disease process, as well as the boundaries of patient self-determination. With the advent of living wills, the determination of the pa...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Knowles JB,Gilmore N

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The antimicrobial peptide hepcidin has been implicated in the regulation of iron homeostasis. Hepcidin is theorized to be a key link between body iron stores and the appropriate modulation of dietary iron absorption. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Wessling-Resnick M

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dietary reference intakes (DRIs) are a set of reference intake levels for nutrients that can be used for planning diets and assessing nutrient inadequacies of individuals and groups. Since the publication of the DRI reports 1997-2004, the reference intake levels have been used for various purposes. While DRIs have...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Trumbo PR,Barr SI,Murphy SP,Yates AA

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent study indicates that lowering homocysteine with folic acid and vitamin B6 significantly reduces the incidence of abnormal exercise electrocardiography tests and thus decreases the risk of atherosclerotic disease. Questions about study design and sample size, however, suggest that this conclusion may be premat...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Miller JW

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evidence for beneficial effects of exercise training in the prevention and management of insulin resistance is convincing, although the mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. The increase in insulin sensitivity after a bout of exercise appears to be enhanced after training, but disappears within days of inactiv...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： van Baak MA,Borghouts LB

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Serotonin reuptake inhibitors, such as fluoxetine, fenfluramine, and dexfenfluramine, are frequently used to treat obesity, depression, and bulimia. A common side effect of these medications is xerostomia, or dry mouth. A case study demonstrating the impact of drug-induced xerostomia on oral health and subsequent nutr...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Boyd LD,Dwyer JT,Papas A

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Green tea, rich in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory catechins, especially epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), has been shown to reduce surrogate markers of atherosclerosis and lipid peroxidation, particularly LDL oxidation and malondialdehyde concentrations, in several in vitro, animal, and limited clinical studies. Epi...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Basu A,Lucas EA

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Overzealous resuscitation of the severely malnourished patient may be associated with life-threatening complications. A variety of electrolyte, hemodynamic, septic, and nutritional derangements may result in sudden decompensation and even death. We present a case that dramatically illustrates these complications and f...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Foxx-Orenstein A,Jensen GL,McMahon MM

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant-based diets, and more specifically plant-based proteins, have been the subject of growing interest from researchers and consumers because of their potential health benefits as well as their positive environmental impact. Of course, plant proteins are found in plant foods, and positive health benefits of plant fo...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Ahnen RT,Jonnalagadda SS,Slavin JL

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Milk intake is considered an important determinant of peak bone mass; consequently, its intake early in life may decrease risk of osteoporotic fractures later. Using the milk history questionnaire, many investigators have conducted retrospective cross-sectional studies and have determined a positive effect of milk int...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Vatanparast H,Whiting SJ

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity highlight the need for improved intervention strategies to counteract this significant public health problem. To this end, it appears that increases in energy expenditure through exercise and other forms of physical activity may be an important component of effective...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Jakicic JM,Otto AD

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although body weight is considered to positively affect bones of children and adults, recent studies suggest that overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence reduce bone mineral content below what would be predicted based on weight and are associated with an increase in incidence of childhood fractures. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Whiting SJ

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The glucocorticoid dexamethasone (dex) stimulates differentiation of cultured preadipocytes of the 3T3-L1 cell line to adipocytes. The preadipocytes express a gene termed preadipocyte factor 1 (pref-1). The pref-1 gene product is abundant in preadipocytes but completely absent in adipocytes. Constitutive expression of...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Wolf G

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human body is an ecosystem harboring complex site-specific microbial communities. The majority of these human-associated microbes are found in the intestinal tract, where they play important roles in energy uptake, vitamin synthesis, and epithelial and immunity development. Recent molecular studies have characteri...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Bik EM

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent findings indicate that cocoa and chocolate, when processed appropriately, may contain relatively large amounts of flavonoids, particularly catechin and epicatechin. We review the benefits of these flavonoids, specifically with regard to cardiovascular health, and raise several unresolved issues that suggest the...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Ariefdjohan MW,Savaiano DA

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new study of the possible advantages of each of the eight dipeptides for intravenous nutrition focuses on kinetics of tyrosine and glutamine injected intravenously. Tyrosine and glutamine are two of the three amino acids that are difficult to use directly in the preparation of nutrient solutions due to low solubilit...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Christensen HN

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Propionyl-L-carnitine (PLC) is a naturally occurring derivative of carnitine that plays an important role in the metabolism of both carbohydrates and lipids, leading to an increase of ATP generation. PLC, however, is not only a metabolic drug; it is also a potent antiradical agent and thus may protect tissues from oxi...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Mingorance C,Rodriguez-Rodriguez R,Justo ML,Herrera MD,de Sotomayor MA

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intestinal adaptation, in terms of increasing intestinal length and weight, usually occurs rapidly after small-bowel resection. However, this response depends on provision of enteral nutrients. If total parenteral nutrition without enteral feeding is prolonged, hypoplasia of the intestinal mucosa results. Adaptation i...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Lo CW,Walker WA

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The African grain deficit is projected to surpass its current production of 50 x 10(6) metric tons/year by the turn of the century. The biodiversity of the African continent, on which there are more native cereals than on any other continent, can serve to reduce the vulnerability of the continent's populations at seri...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Fahey JW

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00