Chocolate and cardiovascular health: is it too good to be true?

abstract：:Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) consists of a family of isozymes that convert alcohols to their corresponding aldehydes using NAD+ as a cofactor. The metabolism of ethanol by gastrointestinal ADH isozymes results in the production of acetaldehyde, a highly toxic compound that binds to cellular protein and DNA if not furth...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Seitz HK,Oneta CM

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vascular defects associated with dietary copper deficiency may result from altered interactions between vascular smooth muscle cells and nitric oxide. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As compared with three meals per day, a nibbling diet led to decreases in serum levels of total cholesterol and insulin. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dietary management has been considered an alternative means of modulating adiponectin levels. The purpose of this review is to examine the scientific evidence regarding the effect of diet on adiponectin levels in blood. Clinical trials were selected from Medline until April 2010 using the following MeSH terms: adipoki...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Silva FM,de Almeida JC,Feoli AM

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Copper transport at the cellular level is achieved by a coordinate series of interactions between passive and active membrane transport proteins, vesicles, and soluble peptides. Knowing the function of each component of this complex network has made the task of delineating the mechanism of intracellular copper homeost...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Harris ED

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：Context:Dairy intake in humans is commonly assessed using questionnaires, but the data collected are often biased. As a result, there is increasing interest in biomarkers of dairy fat. To date, there has been no overview of the fatty acids suitable for use as biomarkers of dairy fat intake. Objective:This systematic r...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Pranger IG,Joustra ML,Corpeleijn E,Muskiet FAJ,Kema IP,Oude Elferink SJWH,Singh-Povel C,Bakker SJL

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants have investigated the effect of parenteral or enteral glutamine supplementation on morbidity, mortality, and outcome in the neonatal period. No evidence of toxicity of glutamine supplementation was found in these clinical trials, but the results for efficacy on a...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： van Zwol A,Neu J,van Elburg RM

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Asian epidemiological studies, health benefits, including reduced incidence of breast and prostate cancers, are attributed to soy food and isoflavone consumption. The recent increased intake of soy foods and supplements in the American diet has raised concerns about the possible estrogen-like effects of natural iso...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Taylor CK,Levy RM,Elliott JC,Burnett BP

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Urinary excretion of 3-methyl histidine was found to be reduced in starvation. Data show that the rate of muscle catabolism is reduced to a greater extent than muscle mass. Reutilization of amino acids appears not to be greatly enhanced during starvation. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1974-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：Context:In recent decades, portion sizes have increased significantly. Although previous research indicates that food labels impact on product choice and healthiness perception, their impact on portion sizes consumed is less clear. Objective:This systematic review examined whether food label information influenced por...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Brown HM,Rollo ME,de Vlieger NM,Collins CE,Bucher T

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：Context:Obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dental caries are all major public health problems in the United Kingdom and contribute substantially to healthcare costs. Objective:A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effect of product reformulation measures on sugar intake and health outcomes. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Hashem KM,He FJ,MacGregor GA

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has become increasingly evident in recent years that the gut microbiome and the brain communicate in a bidirectional manner, with each possibly affecting the other's functions. Substantial research has aimed to understand the mechanisms of this interaction and to outline strategies for preventing or treating nervou...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Mohajeri MH,La Fata G,Steinert RE,Weber P

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Isoflavones present in soy may have risk and benefits to human health. Human gut microflora have been shown to exert metabolic activities on isoflavones, which influences bioavailability and bioactivity. Absorption of isoflavones is likely to occur in the small intestine where there is a diverse range of microfloral s...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Turner NJ,Thomson BM,Shaw IC

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prebiotic and probiotic therapies are new strategies being used to treat gastrointestinal diseases. Recent evidence suggests that the administration of select prebiotics and probiotics, alone or in combination (the latter called "synbiotic" therapy) may improve the clinical outcome of patients with ulcerative colitis....

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Haskey N,Dahl WJ

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Choline is involved in methyl group metabolism and lipid transport and is a component of a number of important biological compounds including the membrane phospholipids lecithin, sphingomyelin, and plasmalogen; the neurotransmitter acetylcholine; and platelet activating factor. Although a required nutrient for several...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Canty DJ,Zeisel SH

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent study indicates that lowering homocysteine with folic acid and vitamin B6 significantly reduces the incidence of abnormal exercise electrocardiography tests and thus decreases the risk of atherosclerotic disease. Questions about study design and sample size, however, suggest that this conclusion may be premat...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Miller JW

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:On April 7-8, 2014, the European Hydration Institute hosted a small group of experts at Castle Combe Manor House, United Kingdom, to discuss a range of issues related to human hydration, health, and performance. The meeting included 18 recognized experts who brought a wealth of experience and knowledge to the topics u...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Benton D,Braun H,Cobo JC,Edmonds C,Elmadfa I,El-Sharkawy A,Feehally J,Gellert R,Holdsworth J,Kapsokefalou M,Kenney WL,Leiper JB,Macdonald IA,Maffeis C,Maughan RJ,Shirreffs SM,Toth-Heyn P,Watson P

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rather than being an inevitable consequence of age, cognitive decline can occur with marked variation among individuals. In this context, nutrition is one factor that is believed to be influential. When considering the potential role of diet, two factors need to be considered. First, cognitive or brain reserve is said...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Benton D

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Observational studies document a positive relationship between vitamin D from the environment (sunlight or diet), circulating vitamin D status, and improved symptoms or prevention of multiple sclerosis (MS). Experimental animal models of MS reproduce the beneficial effects of vitamin D and 1,25(OH)(2)D(3). The geograp...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Cantorna MT

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gluten-related disorders (GRDs) are gradually emerging as epidemiologically relevant diseases, with a global prevalence estimated to be approximately 5% in the population. Conditions related to gluten ingestion include celiac disease (CD), wheat allergy (WA), and nonceliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS). Although mediated ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Bascuñán KA,Roncoroni L,Branchi F,Doneda L,Scricciolo A,Ferretti F,Araya M,Elli L

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Working Group 2 of the Healthy Diet Research Committee of International Life Sciences Institute Japan (WG2) assessed the concept and practice of healthy eating in the ready-to-eat food/meal industry in Japan. WG2 interviewed 14 arbitrarily selected member companies that included "health" or "nutrition" in their manage...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Sakata T,for Working Group 2 of the Healthy Diet Research Committee of International Life Sciences Institute, Japan.

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2017, an estimated 1 in every 4 (23%) children aged < 5 years were stunted worldwide. With slow progress in stunting reduction in many regions and the realization that a large proportion of stunting is not due to insufficient diet or diarrhea alone, it remains that other factors must explain continued growth falter...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Budge S,Parker AH,Hutchings PT,Garbutt C

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Attention to the different types of carbohydrates and their role in health and disease is relatively recent. FAO and WHO jointly published a report on carbohydrates in human nutrition in 1998, with a number of recommendations about increasing carbohydrate intake as a sound approach to the prevention of obesity. The gl...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Nantel G

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The incidence of multifetal pregnancies has increased, mainly because of assisted reproduction treatments. This trend is reflected in increased maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. While the optimum maternal nutrition and weight gain patterns for singleton pregnancies is well documented, there is a paucity o...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Roselló-Soberón ME,Fuentes-Chaparro L,Casanueva E

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) plays a causal role in atherosclerosis. One way to reduce LDL-C levels is to inhibit cholesterol absorption. Plant sterols and stanols compete with cholesterol for absorption in the intestine and induce an average decrease in LDL-C by 5% to 15% in a dose-dependent manner, bu...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Fumeron F,Bard JM,Lecerf JM

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Innovative approaches are needed to impact obesity and other diet-related chronic diseases, including interventions at the environmental and policy levels. Such interventions are promising due to their wide reach. This article reports on 10 multilevel community trials that the present authors either led (n = 8) or pla...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Gittelsohn J,Trude A

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of our understanding of the function of vitamin D from its discovery in the second and third decades of the 20(th) century to its hormonal activation of its nuclear receptor and to its present position of an important factor in public health has been traced. The key discoveries of the conversion of vit...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： DeLuca HF

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present systematic review was performed to assess differences in the worldwide consumption of functional foods. The Medline and Scopus databases were used to search the existing literature. A total of 23 studies that examined functional food consumption and included information on the country, gender, and age of p...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Ozen AE,Pons A,Tur JA

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lipoprotein lipase gene is highly polymorphic, and several common mutations have been associated with an increased atherogenic lipid profile. One of these, Asn291Ser, was also found to be associated with increased ischemic heart disease in women. More recently, this same mutation, present in approximately 5% of th...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Ordovas JM

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Manganese is an essential nutrient that also may be toxic at high concentrations. Subjects chronically exposed to manganese-laden dust in industrial settings develop neuropsychological changes that resemble Parkinson's disease. Manganese has been proposed as an additive to gasoline (as a replacement for the catalytic ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Finley JW

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00