Executive summary and conclusions from the European Hydration Institute Expert Conference on human hydration, health, and performance.

abstract：:Chronic stress causes the release of glucocorticoids, which greatly influence cerebral function, especially glutamatergic transmission. These stress-induced changes in neurotransmission could be counteracted by increasing the dietary intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs). Numerous studies have desc...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Hennebelle M,Champeil-Potokar G,Lavialle M,Vancassel S,Denis I

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Megaloblastic anemia may well not be the only consequence of folic acid deficiency in pregnancy. An association has been noted between other maternal and fetal hazards and folate deficiency. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1968-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:International nutrition will become increasingly concerned with evaluation of nutritional status at the community level to diagnose situations of risk for nutrient deficits and excesses, and to monitor the impact of remedial interventions. Advances in biologic concepts and technology (particularly miniaturization of a...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Solomons NW

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants have investigated the effect of parenteral or enteral glutamine supplementation on morbidity, mortality, and outcome in the neonatal period. No evidence of toxicity of glutamine supplementation was found in these clinical trials, but the results for efficacy on a...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： van Zwol A,Neu J,van Elburg RM

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Food fortification is an important strategy to combat iron and zinc deficiency. This review covers the basic concepts of food fortification, as well as its advantages and disadvantages. The main characteristics of the most common zinc and iron compounds used in this procedure are also analyzed. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Salgueiro MJ,Zubillaga M,Lysionek A,Caro R,Weill R,Boccio J

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Observational studies have found that diets rich in whole-grain foods are associated with improved insulin sensitivity. The improved insulin sensitivity may be mediated in part by magnesium and dietary fiber, two nutrients found in whole-grain foods. By incorporating whole-grain foods into the diet, therefore, insulin...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： McKeown NM

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent findings indicate that cocoa and chocolate, when processed appropriately, may contain relatively large amounts of flavonoids, particularly catechin and epicatechin. We review the benefits of these flavonoids, specifically with regard to cardiovascular health, and raise several unresolved issues that suggest the...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Ariefdjohan MW,Savaiano DA

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Berries contain powerful antioxidants, potential allergens, and other bioactive compounds. Genetic and environmental factors affect production and storage of such compounds. For this reason breeding and biotechnological approaches are currently used to control or to increase the content of specific health-related comp...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Battino M,Beekwilder J,Denoyes-Rothan B,Laimer M,McDougall GJ,Mezzetti B

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of maternal vitamin A supplements in decreasing the risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission has been examined in sub-Saharan Africa. Overall, there is no reduction in either mortality or HIV transmission in two recent studies. Contrary to expectations, one study reported an increased risk of transmission usi...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Stephensen CB

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aging is associated with a chronic low-grade inflammatory status that contributes to chronic diseases such as age-related muscle wasting, kidney disease, and diabetes mellitus. Since advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are known to be proinflammatory, this systematic review examined the relation between the dietary...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Van Puyvelde K,Mets T,Njemini R,Beyer I,Bautmans I

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent findings suggest a significant association between the antioxidant status of pregnant women and of their children during the first years of life and the development of allergic disease during childhood. The aim of this review was to identify all studies that estimated the effect of intake of antioxidants in pre...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Patelarou E,Giourgouli G,Lykeridou A,Vrioni E,Fotos N,Siamaga E,Vivilaki V,Brokalaki H

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this article is to review the definitions and regulations for dietary fiber and whole grains worldwide and to discuss barriers to meeting recommended intake levels. Plant foods, such as whole grains, that are rich in dietary fiber are universally recommended in dietary guidance. Foods rich in dietary fiber ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Korczak R,Slavin JL

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The daily subcutaneous injection of 0.3 U/kg of recombinant growth hormone (GH) for the two years prior to puberty in ten constitutionally growth-retarded children with normal pituitary function resulted in an average height gain of 10 cm per year. No manifestations of GH excess were seen, and a transient alteration i...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review critically summarizes the literature on neighborhood determinants of obesity and proposes a conceptual framework to guide future inquiry. Thirty-seven studies met all inclusion criteria and revealed that the influence of neighborhood-level factors appears mixed. Neighborhood-level measures of economic reso...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Black JL,Macinko J

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review shows how some transcription factors respond to alterations in macronutrients. Carbohydrates induce enzymes for their metabolism and fatty acid synthesis. Fatty acids reduce carbohydrate processing, induce enzymes for their metabolism, and increase both gluconeogenesis and storage of fat. Fat stores help c...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Wise A

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2017, an estimated 1 in every 4 (23%) children aged < 5 years were stunted worldwide. With slow progress in stunting reduction in many regions and the realization that a large proportion of stunting is not due to insufficient diet or diarrhea alone, it remains that other factors must explain continued growth falter...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Budge S,Parker AH,Hutchings PT,Garbutt C

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Manganese is an essential nutrient that also may be toxic at high concentrations. Subjects chronically exposed to manganese-laden dust in industrial settings develop neuropsychological changes that resemble Parkinson's disease. Manganese has been proposed as an additive to gasoline (as a replacement for the catalytic ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Finley JW

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1-Alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and gamma-interferon induce sphingomyelin turnover to ceramide in HL-60 cells. The time frame of the turnover is consistent with ceramide formation being a mediator of growth and differentiation; furthermore, differentiation can be induced by addition of ex...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Merrill AH

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formed via the Maillard reaction during the thermal processing of food contributes to the flavor, color, and aroma of food. A proportion of food-derived AGEs and their precursors is intestinally absorbed and accumulates within cells and tissues. AGEs have been implicated in the p...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Kellow NJ,Coughlan MT

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of our understanding of the function of vitamin D from its discovery in the second and third decades of the 20(th) century to its hormonal activation of its nuclear receptor and to its present position of an important factor in public health has been traced. The key discoveries of the conversion of vit...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： DeLuca HF

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulatory properties of a principal glutamine transport system of skeletal muscle may control the balance between muscle protein synthesis and breakdown. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two recent studies examined the association between chronic use of warfarin, a vitamin K antagonist, and fracture rate among older women. Whereas one study reported no association, the other reported a significantly higher risk for vertebral and rib fractures among warfarin users compared with nonusers. The effect of ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Booth SL,Mayer J

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current US guidelines for cholesterol recommend limiting intake of cholesterol to <300 mg/day for the general population and <200 mg/day for individuals with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. These recommendations, however, are at odds with international (e.g., Canada, United Kingdom, and Australia) guidel...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Brownawell AM,Falk MC

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years it has been suggested that patients with celiac disease can be adequately followed up on the basis of merely clinical and serological response to a gluten-free diet. Thus, a duodenal biopsy some months after commencement of a gluten-free diet would no longer be necessary. We report here the case of a c...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Biagi F,Campanella J,Martucci S,Pezzimenti D,Ciclitira PJ,Ellis HJ,Corazza GR

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prebiotic and probiotic therapies are new strategies being used to treat gastrointestinal diseases. Recent evidence suggests that the administration of select prebiotics and probiotics, alone or in combination (the latter called "synbiotic" therapy) may improve the clinical outcome of patients with ulcerative colitis....

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Haskey N,Dahl WJ

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary factor determining selenium concentration in human milk is the maternal selenium intake. A significant correlation between selenium in human milk and maternal selenium intake has been reviewed in papers from different regions of the world. Infants fed human milk have higher selenium intake than those fed c...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Sanz Alaejos M,Diaz Romero C

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of visual impairment in the United States. Currently there is no effective cure for this disease. Risk factors include decreased lutein and zeaxanthin status and obesity. Obesity is also an increasing public health concern. The alarming increase in the prevalence...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Johnson EJ

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Attention to the different types of carbohydrates and their role in health and disease is relatively recent. FAO and WHO jointly published a report on carbohydrates in human nutrition in 1998, with a number of recommendations about increasing carbohydrate intake as a sound approach to the prevention of obesity. The gl...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Nantel G

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated an increased incidence of kidney stones in individuals with low calcium intake. More recently, a 5-year clinical study found the recurrence of kidney stones was higher in stone-formers on a low dietary calcium treatment. Considering these important new findings, and the known ad...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Martini LA,Heilberg IP

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian cells use an exquisitely sensitive mechanism to control the amount of cholesterol and fatty acids in their membranes. This process relies on a feedback system that adjusts the rates of transcription of genes encoding the low density lipoprotein receptor and multiple enzymes in the cholesterol and fatty acid ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Brown MS,Goldstein JL

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00