Abstract:
:Altogether 553 children (195 first graders, mean age 6.8 years, and 358 third graders, mean age 8.7 years) participated in the development of a self-report measure to assess the intensity of children's pain. The first step was the derivation, from children's drawings of facial expressions of pain, of 5 sets of 7 schematic faces depicting changes in severity of expressed pain from no pain to the most pain possible. With the set of faces that achieved the highest agreement in pain ordering, additional studies were conducted to determine whether the set had the properties of a scale. In one study, children rank-ordered the faces on 2 occasions, separated by 1 week. All 7 faces were correctly ranked by 64% (retest 1 week later, 61%) of grade 1 children and by 86% (retest 89%) of grade 3 children. In a second study, the faces were presented in all possible paired combinations. All 7 faces were correctly placed by 62% (retest 86%) of the younger and by 75% (retest 71%) of the older subjects. A third study asked children to place faces along a scale: a procedure allowing a check on the equality of intervals. The fourth study checked on whether pain was acting as an underlying construct for ordering the faces in memory. We asked whether children perceived the set as a scale by asking if memory for an ordered set of faces was more accurate than for a random set. The final study checked, with 6-year-old children, the test-retest reliability of ratings for recalled experiences of pain. Overall, the faces pain scale incorporates conventions used by children, has achieved strong agreement in the rank ordering of pain, has indications that the intervals are close to equal, and is treated by children as a scale. The test-retest data suggest that it may prove to be a reliable index over time of self-reported pain.
journal_name
Painjournal_title
Painauthors
Bieri D,Reeve RA,Champion DG,Addicoat L,Ziegler JBdoi
10.1016/0304-3959(90)90018-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-05-01 00:00:00pages
139-150issue
2eissn
0304-3959issn
1872-6623pii
00006396-199005000-00003journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
PAIN文献大全abstract::Activation of supraspinal gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors is known to result in antagonism of opioid analgesia. Since benzodiazepines enhance the action of GABA at GABAA receptors, we hypothesized that administration of these agents for preoperative sedation might antagonize the analgesic effects of opioid...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(97)03332-0
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A secondary zone of cutaneous hyperalgesia in humans is characterized by increased pain to mechanical stimuli. In contrast, the perception of heat stimuli delivered to a secondary zone of hyperalgesia in humans often shows a paradoxical decrease in magnitude. A number of studies have shown that the responses of spinal...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0304-3959(98)00079-7
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The social determinants of health (SDH) are known to differentially impact outcomes from many noncommunicable diseases; however, their potential role in low back pain (LBP) is poorly defined. This review endeavours to comprehensively inform the field of their relevance. Our research question was: "How do the broad ran...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001944
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multidimensional models of pain processing distinguish the sensory, motivational, and affective components of the pain experience. Efforts to understand underlying mechanisms have focused on isolating the roles of specific brain structures, including both limbic and non-limbic cortical areas, in the processing of noci...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pain.2012.01.018
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nerve growth factor (NGF) is known to produce hyperalgesia as well as to stimulate synthesis of neuropeptides in dorsal root ganglia (DRG). In the present study, we wanted to determine the effects of local NGF administration and assess to which extent mast cell-dependent factors are mediating NGF responses. Rats recei...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3959(95)00120-4
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitions and beliefs appear important in predicting adjustment to chronic pain. The current study examines how cognitions and beliefs are related to psychosocial functioning. One hundred and sixty-three chronic pain out-patients were assessed. Regression analyses were performed using scores on the Pain Beliefs and P...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(99)00226-2
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fear-avoidance beliefs have been identified as an important psychosocial variable in patients with chronic disability doe to low back pain. The importance of fear-avoidance beliefs for individuals with acute low back pain has not been explored. Seventy-eight subjects with work-related low back pain of less than 3 week...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/S0304-3959(01)00333-5
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injection of high-dose of morphine into the spinal lumbar intrathecal (i.t.) space of rats elicits a nociceptive behavioural syndrome characterized by periodic bouts of spontaneous agitation and severe vocalization. The induced behavioural response such as vocalization and agitation was observed dose-dependently by i....
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0304-3959(03)00296-3
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growing evidence suggests that leukocyte extravasation is initiated by the interaction of selectins with their ligands; as well as an essential role for P-selectin in the initial recruitment of inflammatory cells to sites of inflammation. In this study, P-selectin-deficient (P-sel-/-) mice were used to test the hypoth...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pain.2013.06.042
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on a patient suffering severe pain following a long-standing sacral chordoma in whom management of therapy and pain was extremely difficult. Because orally administered morphine was observed to be ineffective in the early stages of treatment, we tried to achieve pain relief by using epidural morphine. This w...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3959(94)90085-X
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The perception of pain is determined by a combination of genetic, neurobiological, cultural, and emotional factors. Recent studies have demonstrated an association between specific genotypes and pain perception. Particular focus has been given to the triallelic polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin tran...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pain.2013.05.011
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic compression of rat dorsal root ganglion (CCD) produced tactile allodynia accompanied with hyperexcitability of the myelinated Aβ dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The Aβ DRG neuron hyperexcitability exhibits as bursting discharges in response to peripherally evoked action potentials (evoked bursting [EB]). T...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pain.2011.11.030
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cold pressor task (CPT) was used with 203 college students (112 women and 91 men) in a study of sex differences in pain response. Physiological measures were taken before and after pain induction, and sex-differentiating personality traits were assessed with the Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ). The Pain Cata...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pain.2004.08.017
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study aimed to investigate if (1) subcutaneous injection of glutamate induces pain, sensitization and vasomotor responses in humans and (2) if sex differences exist in these responses. Thirty healthy volunteers (men-15 and women-15) were included. Each subject received four subcutaneous injections (0.1ml; ...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pain.2006.06.015
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to sense visceral pain during appendicitis is diminished with age leading to delay in seeking health care and poorer clinical outcomes. To understand the mechanistic basis of this phenomenon, we examined visceral nociception in aged mouse and human tissue. Inflamed and noninflamed appendixes were collected...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001764
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postmastectomy pain (PMP), a distinctive postsurgical neuropathic pain syndrome, has been thought to be consequence of 4-6% of surgical procedures for cancer of the breast, but remains understudied and poorly documented. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, a convenience sample of 95 women who had undergone brea...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3959(94)00162-8
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The somatosensory abnormalities in 20 men and 7 women (mean age 67 years, range 53-81) with central post-stroke pain (CPSP) have been analysed in detail with traditional neurological tests and quantitative methods. The cerebrovascular lesions were located in the lower brain-stem in 8 patients, involved the thalamus in...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3959(89)90128-0
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effect of weight bearing of the hindlimbs on the assessment of mechanically-induced hindlimb withdrawal threshold was determined in intact rats and in rats with various pathophysiological conditions causing allodynia or hyperalgesia. Hindlimb withdrawal was elicited by applying a series of calibrated monofilaments to ...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0304-3959(97)00143-7
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about patients prescribed high doses of opioids to treat chronic non-cancer pain, though these patients may be at higher risk for medication-related complications. We describe the prevalence of high-dose opioid use and associated demographic and clinical characteristics among veterans treated in a VA r...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pain.2010.08.002
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adrenal medullary transplants in the spinal subarachnoid space, by providing a continual source of opioid peptides and catecholamines, offer a potentially important adjunct in the management of chronic pain. While previous studies have shown that this approach is effective against high-intensity phasic stimuli, adrena...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3959(93)90135-C
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mental stress induces endothelial dysfunction, that is a reduction of the post-occlusion brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD). This does not occur in subjects highly susceptible to hypnosis (Highs) in either the waking or hypnotic state. The aim of the present experiment was to assess whether endothelial d...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.pain.2005.03.041
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two cases of reflex sympathetic dystrophy in the upper extremity of patients with traumatic cervical spinal cord injuries are reported. Both patients had very incomplete lesions with early neurological recovery, suggesting an underlying central cord syndrome. Although reflex sympathetic dystrophy is often seen followi...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3959(84)90046-0
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonist D, L-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (AP5) caused a stronger inhibition of wind-up in single wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons after carrageenan inflammation compared with control neurons without inflammation in the receptive field. This indicates that even a sh...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0304-3959(99)00155-4
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injured afferent neurons produce spontaneous activity that is generated away from the normal impulse generation site. Since this activity, referred to as ectopic discharges, may play a significant role in neuropathic pain, it is important to systematically analyze the activity in various pain states. The present study...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(99)00219-5
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antinociception effect of clomipramine and the combination of clomipramine and morphine was evaluated using the constant temperature hot plate test, the increasing temperature hot plate test and the formalin test in mice. Both a single dose of clomipramine (10 mg/kg) given intraperitoneally (i.p.) and chronic clom...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3959(88)90295-3
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic influence on the sensory, motor and histopathological outcome of transient spinal cord ischemia was studied in Sprague-Dawley (SD), spontaneously hypertensive (SH) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Ischemia caused minor motor deficits and no identifiable morphological damage in the spinal cord of the majority of SD...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0304-3959(93)90152-F
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate pain assessment is the foundation for effective pain management in children. At present, there is no clear consensus regarding the age at which young children are able to appropriately use self-report scales for pain. This study examined young children's ability to use the Faces Pain Scale-Revised; (FPS-R; [H...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.pain.2005.10.004
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unlike most classical analgesics, botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) does not alter acute nociceptive thresholds, and shows selectivity primarily for allodynic and hyperalgesic responses in certain pain conditions. We hypothesized that this phenomenon might be explained by characterizing the sensory neurons targeted by B...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pain.2014.04.027
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have examined the effects of cannabinoid agonists on hyperalgesia in a model of neuropathic pain in the rat and investigated the possible sites of action. The antihyperalgesic activity of the cannabinoids was compared with their ability to elicit behavioural effects characteristic of central cannabinoid activity. W...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(00)00474-7
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pain is a complex human trait. It is likely that the interaction of multiple genes, each with a small individual effect, along with the effect of environmental factors, influences the clinical efficacy of opioids rather than a single gene alone. Polymorphisms in genes coding for the mu-opioid receptor (A118G) and cate...
journal_title:Pain
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pain.2006.10.023
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00