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Review: Human trophoblast fusion and differentiation: lessons from trisomy 21 placenta.

Abstract：

:The syncytiotrophoblast layer plays a major role throughout pregnancy, since it is the site of numerous placental functions, including ion and nutrient exchange and the synthesis of steroid and peptide hormones required for fetal growth and development. Inadequate formation and regeneration of this tissue contributes to several pathologies of pregnancy such as intrauterine growth restriction and preeclampsia, which may lead to iatrogenic preterm delivery in order to prevent fetal death and maternal complications. Syncytiotrophoblast formation can be reproduced in vitro using different models. For the last ten years we have routinely purified villous cytotrophoblastic cells (CT) from normal first, second and third trimester placentas and from gestational age-matched Trisomy 21 placentas. We cultured villous CT on plastic dishes to follow the molecular and biochemical aspects of their morphological and functional differentiation. Taking advantage of this unique collection of samples, we here discuss the concept that trophoblast fusion and functional differentiation may be two differentially regulated processes, which are linked but quite distinct. We highlight the major role of mesenchymal-trophoblast cross talk in regulating trophoblast cell fusion. We suggest that the oxidative status of the trophoblast may regulate glycosylation of proteins, including hCG, and thereby modulate major trophoblast cell functions.

journal_name

Placenta

journal_title

Placenta

authors

Pidoux G,Gerbaud P,Cocquebert M,Segond N,Badet J,Fournier T,Guibourdenche J,Evain-Brion D

doi

10.1016/j.placenta.2011.11.007

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-02-01 00:00:00

pages

S81-6

eissn

0143-4004

issn

1532-3102

pii

S0143-4004(11)00539-X

journal_volume

33 Suppl

pub_type

杂志文章,评审

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