Abstract：
:The role of glycine and GABA as inhibitory neurotransmitters in the adult vertebrate nervous system has been well characterized in a variety of model systems, including the auditory, which is particularly well suited for analyzing inhibitory neurotransmission. However, a full understanding of glycinergic and GABAergic transmission requires profound knowledge of how the precise organization of such synapses emerges. Likewise, the role of glycinergic and GABAergic signaling during development, including the dynamic changes in regulation of cytosolic chloride via chloride cotransporters, needs to be thoroughly understood. Recent literature has elucidated the developmental expression of many of the molecular components that comprise the inhibitory synaptic phenotype. An equally important focus of research has revealed the critical role of glycinergic and GABAergic signaling in sculpting different developmental aspects in the auditory system. This review examines the current literature detailing the expression patterns and function (chapter 1), as well as the regulation and pharmacology of chloride cotransporters (chapter 2). Of particular importance is the ontogeny of glycinergic and GABAergic transmission (chapter 3). The review also surveys the recent work on the signaling role of these two major inhibitory neurotransmitters in the developing auditory system (chapter 4) and concludes with an overview of areas for further research (chapter 5).
journal_name
Hear Resjournal_title
Hearing researchauthors
Friauf E,Rust MB,Schulenborg T,Hirtz JJdoi
10.1016/j.heares.2011.05.012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-09-01 00:00:00pages
96-110issue
1-2eissn
0378-5955issn
1878-5891pii
S0378-5955(11)00151-1journal_volume
279pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
HEARING RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:Certain hair cells of fish exhibit strong immunoreactivity to an S-100 antibody. By their spatial locations in the utricle and saccule, these hair cells appear to possess a relatively short kinocilium and a roughly ovoid cell shape. In the utricle, these cells are predominantly located in the striola. In the saccule, ...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-5955(90)90171-k
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy. ...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.heares.2009.12.012
更新日期：2010-01-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of genotype and diet on age-related hearing loss were evaluated using auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds and post-mortem cochlear histopathology in 5 inbred mouse strains, CBA/H-T6J (CH), DBA/2J (D2), C57BL/6J (B6), BALB/cByJ (BY) and WB/ReJ (WB), and their 10 F1 hybrid strains. The mice had been...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-5955(95)00107-f
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) hyperpolarizes vascular smooth muscle cells and dilates blood vessels of various beds, but little is known on cochlear vasculatures. Using in vitro preparations of the spiral modiolar artery (SMA), intracellular electrical recording and labeling techniques, we found that the NO donor DPTA-NONOate (10...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-5955(02)00497-5
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hair cells of the vertebrate inner ear posses active mechanical processes to amplify their inputs. The stereocilia bundle of various vertebrate animals can produce active movements. Though standard stereocilia-based mechanisms to promote amplification persist in mammals, an additional radically different mechanism...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.heares.2009.12.028
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The properties of the ACh (acetylcholine) response in guinea pig outer hair cells (OHCs) are not well understood. It has been shown that the response to ACh involves the activation of a Ca2+ dependent K+ selective conductance (referred to as Ksub where sub stands for suberyldicholine). In the present study, we examine...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-5955(96)00142-6
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alterations in the distribution and activity of Na,K-ATPase have been implicated in declining cell function with age. However, the location, size and anatomical complexity of the cochlea have limited study of this essential enzyme. Here we describe a micro-colorimetric assay which measures Na,K-ATPase activity in subr...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-5955(94)00188-v
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activation of heat shock factors (Hsfs) is one of the potential mechanisms for regulating the transcription of the heat shock proteins (Hsps) and certain other stress-responsive genes. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot and immunocytochemistry were used to examine the expression and...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-5955(02)00607-x
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Change in PO2 in endolymph, endocochlear potentials and cochlear microphonics have been tested in normoxia, hyperoxia and anoxia on 24 guinea pigs. The polarographic method and construction of oxygen-sensitive microelectrodes is described in detail. The normal level of PO2 in endolymph vaires between 20 and 30 mm Hg. ...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-5955(78)90003-5
更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sound frequency and binaural response properties were determined for single neurons in the rat's inferior colliculus. Nerve cell responses in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus were narrowly tuned and had clearly defined characteristic frequencies (CF). The central nucleus was tonotopically organized with ...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-5955(91)90177-b
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A model for cochlear mechanics is proposed to take account of its two systems, one passive and one active. The classical passive system stimulates the inner hair cells directly at levels above about 40 dB SL. At intensities below about 60 dB an active process, the 'cochlear amplifier' (CA), somehow provides additional...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-5955(83)90136-3
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In ears in which cochlear efferent pathways were cut and with testing done under anaesthetic conditions that preclude middle ear muscle activity (so as to examine the "intrinsic" effects of loud sound on the cochlea without any confounding effect of efferent pathways to the auditory periphery), atraumatic background w...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.heares.2005.12.006
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For the purpose of creating a finite element model of the middle ear, the ossicles can be modelled as rigid bodies or as linear elastic materials. The general elasticity parameters used are usually measured on larger bones like the femur. In order to obtain a highly realistic model, the actual elastic modulus (Young's...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.heares.2009.10.001
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of organic acid transport inhibitors significantly reduced the endocochlear potential (EP) decline produced by furosemide in the chinchilla. Probenecid, sodium salicylate and penicillin G were much more effective than novobiocin, meclofenamate or diatrizoate. Inhibitors of organic base transport, choline and ...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-5955(87)90037-2
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glass microelectrodes were introduced into the stria vascularis (SV) to measure the DC potential profile of the SV in vivo from its apical as well as basal side. The K+ concentration gradient in the lateral cochlear wall was measured by means of double barrel K+-selective microelectrodes. A positive potential 10.4 +/-...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-5955(87)90077-3
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Noise over-stimulation will induce or influence molecular pathways in the cochlea; one approach to the identification of the components of these pathways in the cochlea is to examine genes and proteins that change following different types and levels of stress. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain react...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.heares.2004.07.011
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inferior colliculus occupies a central position in ascending and descending auditory pathways. A substantial proportion of its neurons are GABAergic, and these neurons contribute to intracollicular circuits as well as to extrinsic projections to numerous targets. A variety of types of evidence - morphology, physio...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.heares.2018.10.001
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We show that trkB and trkC mRNAs, encoding the high-affinity receptor tyrosine kinases for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), respectively, as well as low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (p75LNGFR) mRNA are expressed in the cochleovestibular ganglion (CVG) before and during inner...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-5955(94)90064-7
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Application of dexamethasone to the round window has been shown to ameliorate high frequency hearing loss resulting from the trauma of cochlear implantation in experimental animals, but elucidation of the factors influencing protection of the high frequencies has been confounded by the local trauma from electrode arra...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.heares.2010.03.006
更新日期：2010-06-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Distortion-product emissions at 2f1-f2 were measured in developing, pigmented rats to determine the characteristics of the functional onset and maturation of these emitted responses. Distortion-product testing was conducted on postnatal days 12, 14, 18, 21, 24, 28, and 51. The geometric-mean frequencies of the primari...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-5955(90)90223-c
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adenosine plays a major cytoprotective role during ischemia and conditions of oxidative stress. Previous studies in our laboratory indicate that oxidative stress induces expression of the A1 adenosine receptor (A1AR) via activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB. In this study, we tested whether noise exposure could in...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0378-5955(03)00344-7
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of noise exposure on the endothelial transport system in the cochlea was investigated using cationic polyethyleneimine (PEI), since systemically administered PEI passes through the capillary endothelial cell and attaches to basal lamina (BL) anionic sites in the cochlea. Under general anesthesia, all gui...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-5955(01)00397-5
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The density of cochlear inner hair cells in Wistar rats is greatest on a short section of the basilar membrane about a fifth of its length from the base. This place corresponds to the frequency region of 30--40 kHz which is supposed to be the region of best hearing. ...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-5955(80)90010-6
更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy. ...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.heares.2009.09.016
更新日期：2009-10-07 00:00:00
abstract：:The ear of the goldfish (Carassius auratus) contains three otolithic endorgans: the saccule, lagena, and utricle. The saccule has an auditory function in most teleost fishes for whom data are available, and there is evidence that the lagena is also an auditory endorgan in the goldfish. This study was conducted to comp...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-5955(99)00207-5
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six utricular hair bundles from a red-eared turtle are modeled using 3-D finite element analysis. The mechanical model includes shear deformable stereocilia, realignment of all forces during force load increments, and tip and lateral link inter-stereocilia connections. Results show that there are two distinct bundle t...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.heares.2004.06.006
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the simultaneous monaural presentation of two primary tones, distortion products can be measured acoustically in the ear canal (DPOAEs) and electrically as auditory evoked potentials (DPAEPs). The purpose of this investigation was to elucidate the sources of nonlinearity within the human auditory system respons...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.heares.2004.04.005
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Projections from the posterior thalamus and medial geniculate body were labeled retrogradely with wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase injected into the rat, cat, and squirrel monkey inferior colliculus. Neurons were found ipsilaterally in the (1) medial division of the medial geniculate body, (2...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-5955(02)00489-6
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was performed to elucidate the contribution of the stapedial artery (SA)--which has been considered to be independent of the vertebrobasilar system--to blood flow in the ear by observing ear blood flow in Sprague-Dawley rats. A laser-Doppler (LD) probe was positioned on the bony wall of the cochlear basal t...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-5955(03)00310-1
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Owing to the advances in transgenic animal technology and the advent of the next-generation sequencing era, over 120 genes causing hereditary hearing loss have been identified by now. In parallel, the field of human gene therapy continues to make exciting and rapid progress, culminating in the recent approval of sever...
journal_title：Hearing research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.heares.2020.108092
更新日期：2020-10-15 00:00:00
