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Contingency management for behavior change: applications to promote brief smoking cessation among opioid-maintained patients.

Abstract：

:Cigarette smoking is highly prevalent among patients who are being treated for opioid-dependence, yet there have been limited scientific efforts to promote smoking cessation in this population. Contingency management (CM) is a behavioral treatment that provides monetary incentives contingent upon biochemical evidence of drug abstinence. This paper discusses the results of two studies that utilized CM to promote brief smoking cessation among opioid-maintained patients. Participants in a pilot study were randomly assigned for a 2-week period to a Contingent group that earned monetary vouchers for providing biochemical samples that met criteria for smoking abstinence, or a Noncontingent group that earned monetary vouchers independent of smoking status (Dunn et al., 2008). Results showed Contingent participants provided significantly more smoking-negative samples than Noncontingent participants (55% vs. 5%, respectively). A second randomized trial that utilized the same 2-week intervention and provided access to the smoking cessation pharmacotherapy bupropion replicated the results of the pilot study (55% and 17% abstinence in Contingent and Noncontingent groups, respectively; Dunn et al, 2010). Relapse to illicit drug use was also evaluated prospectively and no association between smoking abstinence and relapse to illicit drug use was observed (Dunn et al., 2009). It will be important for future studies to evaluate participant characteristics that might predict better treatment outcome, to assess the contribution that pharmacotherapies might have alone or in combination with a CM intervention on smoking cessation and to evaluate methods for maintaining the abstinence that is achieved during this brief intervention for longer periods of time.

journal_name

Exp Clin Psychopharmacol

journal_title

Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors

Dunn KE,Saulsgiver KA,Sigmon SC

doi

10.1037/a0022039

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2011-02-01 00:00:00

pages

20-30

issue

eissn

1064-1297

issn

1936-2293

pii

2011-03057-003

journal_volume

pub_type

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Contingency management for behavior change: applications to promote brief smoking cessation among opioid-maintained patients.