Abstinence symptoms during withdrawal from chronic marijuana use.

abstract：:It is becoming increasingly evident that the sex of an organism is a critical determinant of responsiveness to opioid analgesics. However, the factors that determine the magnitude and direction of sex differences in opioid antinociception have not been fully elucidated. One factor that has received attention is the re...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Barrett AC

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Relative to intravenous drug self-administration, locomotor activity is easier to measure with high throughput, particularly in mice. Therefore its potential to predict differences in self-administration between genotypes (e.g., targeted mutations, recombinant inbred strains) is appealing, but such predictive value is...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Thomsen M,Caine SB

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Varenicline reduces drinking in people with alcohol use disorder, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying this effect. Varenicline targets α4β2 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which are associated with several cognitive functions such as working memory. Varenicline may improve drinking outcomes b...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Roberts W,McKee SA

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this experiment, the observing-response procedure was adapted for use with drug self-administration. Rats' responding for oral ethanol was sometimes reinforced on a random-ratio schedule, whereas at other times it had no effect (i.e., extinction). Behavior producing stimuli associated with the otherwise unsignaled ...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Shahan TA

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Habitual substance use is associated with attentional bias for stimuli related to the use. The current study tested whether individuals' substance use can be predicted from their attentional bias for concern-related and substance-related stimuli. Participants (N = 71; 54% male) were selected among university students ...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Fadardi JS,Ziaee S,Shamloo ZS

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The social environment plays a critical role in determining the likelihood that an individual will use drugs or will develop a drug use disorder. Recent evidence obtained from preclinical studies reveals that proximal social factors (i.e., those factors that are immediately present at the time of drug exposure) exert ...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Strickland JC,Smith MA

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of different response requirements, response-independent cigarette puffs, and an alternative nondrug reinforcer on cigarette smoking were assessed in 2 experiments. The response requirement to obtain 2 puffs on a cigarette was manipulated while various numbers of response-independent puffs were provided (0, 6,...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Bickel WK,Madden GJ,DeGrandpre RJ

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Smokers are highly reactive to smoking-related cues that are directly linked, or most proximal, to actual smoking behavior (e.g., lit cigarettes). However, over the course of smoking, proximal cues may not be the only stimuli to become strongly associated with smoking. Distal cues, such as the environments in which sm...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Conklin CA,Robin N,Perkins KA,Salkeld RP,McClernon FJ

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite considerable health risks due to lower levels of estrogen production and the compounding antiestrogenic effects of nicotine, postmenopausal females continue to smoke. These females face significant barriers to cessation, including negative affect, weight concerns, and menopausal symptom severity. The current p...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Peltier MR,Roys MR,Waters AF,Vinci C,Waldo KM,Stewart SA,Toups RC,Jones L,Copeland AL

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pramipexole (PPX) is a dopamine agonist medication that has been implicated in the development of pathological gambling and other impulse control disorders. Johnson, Madden, Brewer, Pinkston, and Fowler (2011) reported that PPX increased male rats' preference for gambling-like rewards (those arranged according to a va...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Johnson PS,Madden GJ,Stein JS

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study primarily sought to (a) determine the effects of environmental context on subjective ratings of craving for alcohol and caffeinated alcohol beverages (CAB) and (b) test inhibitory control, a state behavioral aspect of impulsivity, as a mediator of the association between context and craving in a samp...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Stamates AL,Lau-Barraco C

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nicotine addiction continues to be the main cause of preventable death in developed countries. Women and teen girls appear to be more vulnerable on certain aspects of nicotine addiction compared with men and boys. While the mechanism of gender differences in nicotine addiction is not yet clear, evidence suggests that ...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Lynch WJ,Sofuoglu M

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were exposed to a diet containing 100 ppm cadmium chloride or a control diet. At 52 days of exposure, rats were trained to discriminate between saline and 5 mg/kg cocaine injections. After acquisition training, successive substitution tests were conducted using cocaine, the indirect dopamine agonist d-amphetamine...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Nation JR,Miller DK

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Delay discounting, the devaluation of delayed reinforcers, is one defining behavioral economic characteristic of cigarette smokers. Attempts at abstinence by smokers that result in relapse are conceptualized in this framework as preference reversals. Despite preference reversals being predicted by delay discounting mo...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Pope DA,Poe L,Stein JS,Snider SE,Bianco AG,Bickel WK

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two groups of male Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) were trained [corrected] to discriminate cocaine from saline in a conditioned approach procedure maintained by sexual reinforcement. For 1 group, cocaine (10 mg/kg ip) was administered prior to a conditioned stimulus (CS) that predicted copulation; saline followed ...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Troisi JR 2nd,Akins C

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The link between social influence and drug abuse has long been established in humans. However, preclinical animal models of drug abuse have only recently begun to consider the role of social influence. Since social factors influence the initiation and maintenance of drug use in humans, it is important to include these...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Gipson CD,Yates JR,Beckmann JS,Marusich JA,Zentall TR,Bardo MT

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nicotine administration has been found to enhance performance on tasks of selective attention. It has been proposed that efficient attentional filtering depends on the successful inhibition of distracting information. In the work reported here, a negative priming paradigm was adopted to test whether smoking enhanced t...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Rodway P,Dienes Z,Schepman A

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In community-based alcoholism and drug abuse treatment programs, the vast majority of interventions are delivered in a group therapy context. In turn, treatment providers and funding agencies have called for more research on interventions delivered in groups in an effort to make the emerging empirical literature on th...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Morgan-Lopez AA,Fals-Stewart W

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present, subjective value of a reinforcer typically decreases as a function of the delay to its receipt, a phenomenon termed delay discounting. Delay discounting, which is assumed to reflect impulsivity, is hypothesized to play an important role in drug abuse. The present study examined delay discounting of cocain...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Woolverton WL,Myerson J,Green L

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxytocin has been shown to decrease cocaine taking and seeking in male rats, suggesting potential treatment efficacy for drug addiction. In the present study, we extended these findings to the assessment of cocaine seeking and taking in female rats. Further, we made direct comparisons of oxytocin's impact on cocaine i...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Leong KC,Zhou L,Ghee SM,See RE,Reichel CM

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Difficulty monitoring and inhibiting impulsive behaviors has been reported in marijuana (MJ) smokers; neuroimaging studies, which examined frontal systems in chronic MJ smokers, have reported alterations during inhibitory tasks. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provides a quantitative estimate of white matter integrity ...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Gruber SA,Silveri MM,Dahlgren MK,Yurgelun-Todd D

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Delay discounting, reflected in the tendency to prefer immediate rewards over delayed rewards, is associated with most forms of problematic substance use. When assessed multiple times to examine within-individual changes, for example, following acute drug administration or an intervention, shifts in delay discounting ...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Kuang J,Milhorn H,Stuppy-Sullivan A,Jung S,Yi R

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous research has shown that social drinkers continue to show attentional bias toward alcohol-related stimuli even after consuming a moderate dose of alcohol. In contrast, little is known about how alcohol acutely affects attentional bias in groups at risk to develop alcohol-related problems, such as adults with a...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Roberts W,Fillmore MT,Milich R

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antipsychotic polypharmacy refers to the clinical practice of treating a patient with two or more antipsychotic drugs concurrently. There is abundant evidence in the clinical literature that treatment with antipsychotic polypharmacy is associated with an increased prevalence of drug side effects compared with monother...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Boyda HN,Procyshyn RM,Tse L,Xu J,Jin CH,Wong D,Pang CC,Honer WG,Barr AM

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an elegant series of experiments, F. Leri and J. Stewart (2002) report that exposure to heroin increases subsequent reinstatement responding if the animal has access to the drug lever during the lapse and if responding on the lever results in the presentation of conditioned cues. It is interesting that exposure to ...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Goeders NE

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Six features of the report are commented on. First, the Therapeutic Workplace intervention described in the report represents a creative and promising new approach to drug abuse treatment. Second, to the author's knowledge, it represents the first intervention that has been shown in a randomized clinical trial to sign...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Higgins ST

更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors investigated the effects of a laboratory stressor task on rapid initial orienting and delayed disengagement aspects of attentional bias for alcohol-related cues in social drinkers (N = 58). Participants were randomly allocated to receive a stress induction or control manipulation before completing a visual...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Field M,Quigley M

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors tested the hypothesis that the effects of nicotine on affect are moderated by the presence or absence of emotionally positive and negative stimuli and by attentional choice to avoid attending to emotionally negative stimuli. Thirty-two habitual smokers were assigned to tasks allowing attentional freedom to...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Gilbert DG,Riise H,Dillon A,Huber J,Rabinovich NE,Sugai C

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The accurate assessment of nicotine withdrawal is important theoretically and clinically. A 28-item scale, the Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale, was developed that contains 7 reliable subscales tapping the major symptom elements of the nicotine withdrawal syndrome. Coefficients alpha for the subscales range from .75...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Welsch SK,Smith SS,Wetter DW,Jorenby DE,Fiore MC,Baker TB

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A burgeoning literature supports a link between alcohol use and panic-spectrum problems (e.g., panic attacks, disorder) among adolescents, but the direction of influence has yet to be properly examined. From a theoretical perspective, panic-spectrum problems may increase risk for problematic drinking via affect regula...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Blumenthal H,Cloutier RM,Zamboanga BL,Bunaciu L,Knapp AA

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00