A small RNA promotes siderophore production through transcriptional and metabolic remodeling.

abstract：:Migration of organisms (or cells) is typically an adaptive response to spatiotemporal variation in resources that requires individuals to detect and respond to long-range and noisy environmental gradients. Many organisms, from wildebeest to bacteria, migrate en masse in a process that can involve a vast number of indi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guttal V,Couzin ID

更新日期：2010-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Although peroxynitrite is harmful to the host, the beneficial effects of peroxynitrite are less well understood. We explored the role of peroxynitrite in the host immune response to Coxsackievirus infection. Peroxynitrite inhibits viral replication in vitro, in part by inhibiting viral RNA entry into the host cell. Ni...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Padalko E,Ohnishi T,Matsushita K,Sun H,Fox-Talbot K,Bao C,Baldwin WM 3rd,Lowenstein CJ

更新日期：2004-08-10 00:00:00

abstract：:A power-law distribution of the length of perfectly conserved sequence from mouse/human whole-genome intersection and alignment is exhibited. Spatial correlations of these elements within the mouse genome are studied. It is argued that these power-law distributions and correlations are comprised in part by functional ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Salerno W,Havlak P,Miller J

更新日期：2006-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Dominantly inherited mutations in the genes encoding presenilins (PS) and the amyloid precursor protein (APP) are the major causes of familial Alzheimer's disease (AD). The prevailing view of AD pathogenesis posits that accumulation of beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptides, particularly Abeta42, is the central event triggerin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shen J,Kelleher RJ 3rd

更新日期：2007-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunoaffinity-purified interleukin 2 (IL2) stimulated proliferation of large but not small B cells. Stimulation was observed even when B cells were cultured at very low cell densities (3 X 10(4) per microwell containing 0.2 ml of medium). Addition of small numbers of purified splenic T cells did not enhance the IL2-i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mond JJ,Thompson C,Finkelman FD,Farrar J,Schaefer M,Robb RJ

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preference behaviors are often established during early life, but the underlying neural circuit mechanisms remain unknown. Adapting a unique nesting behavior assay, we confirmed a "critical period" for developing music preference in C57BL/6 mice. Early music exposure between postnatal days 15 and 24 reversed their inn...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang EJ,Lin EW,Hensch TK

更新日期：2012-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used the spreading behavior of small drops of several fluorocarbon fluids and silicone oil on air-liquid interfaces to measure the surface tension of lungs in situ. The test fluids were calibrated in a surface balance at 37 degrees on monolayers of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine. At particular surface tensions...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schürch S,Goerke J,Clements JA

更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence is presented that suggests that GTP (or 5'-guanylylmethylene diphosphonate) is not essential for either formation of an AUG-directed, initiation factor IF-2-dependent initiation complex on the 30S subunit or for positioning of fMet-tRNA on the peptidyl site. However, recycling of limiting amounts of IF-2 requ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mazumder R

更新日期：1972-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Central nervous system (CNS) trauma can result in tissue disruption, neuronal and axonal degeneration, and neurological dysfunction. The limited spontaneous CNS repair in adulthood and aging is often insufficient to overcome disability. Several investigations have demonstrated that targeting HDAC activity can protect ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rivieccio MA,Brochier C,Willis DE,Walker BA,D'Annibale MA,McLaughlin K,Siddiq A,Kozikowski AP,Jaffrey SR,Twiss JL,Ratan RR,Langley B

更新日期：2009-11-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Constitutive cyclooxygenase (COX-1; prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase, EC 1.14.99.1) is present in cells under physiological conditions, whereas COX-2 is induced by some cytokines, mitogens, and endotoxin presumably in pathological conditions, such as inflammation. Therefore, we have assessed the relative inhibitory...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mitchell JA,Akarasereenont P,Thiemermann C,Flower RJ,Vane JR

更新日期：1993-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Explanation of a process of development must ultimately be couched in the terms of the genomic regulatory code. Specification of an embryonic cell lineage is driven by a network of interactions among genes encoding transcription factors. Here, we present the gene regulatory network (GRN) that directs the specification...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oliveri P,Tu Q,Davidson EH

更新日期：2008-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The complex biomechanical events associated with embryo development are investigated in vivo, by using femtosecond laser pulse-induced ablation combined with multimodal nonlinear microscopy. We demonstrate controlled intravital ablations preserving local cytoskeleton dynamics and resulting in the modulation of specifi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Supatto W,Débarre D,Moulia B,Brouzés E,Martin JL,Farge E,Beaurepaire E

更新日期：2005-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The present paper summarizes future needs in information and tools, technology, infrastructure, training, funding, and bioinformatics, to provide the genomic knowledge and tools for breeding and biotechnological goals in maize. The National Corn Genome Initiative (NCGA) has developed through actions taken by the Natio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Coe EH

更新日期：1998-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) is a 749-amino acid type II integral membrane protein that has been identified recently as the neutral endopeptidase 24.11 [NEP (EC 3.4.24.11)]. Herein, we characterize the organization of the human CALLA/NEP gene and show that it spans more than 80 kilobases (kb...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： D'Adamio L,Shipp MA,Masteller EL,Reinherz EL

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1950, John Nash contributed a remarkable one-page PNAS article that defined and characterized a notion of equilibrium for n- person games. This notion, now called the "Nash equilibrium," has been widely applied and adapted in economics and other behavioral sciences. Indeed, game theory, with the Nash equilibrium as...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Holt CA,Roth AE

更新日期：2004-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Six independent lines of evidence point to the existence of heme-containing compounds and/or hemoglobin breakdown products in extracts of trabecular tissues of the large theropod dinosaur Tyrannosaurus rex. These include signatures from nuclear magnetic resonance and electron spin resonance that indicate the presence ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schweitzer MH,Marshall M,Carron K,Bohle DS,Busse SC,Arnold EV,Barnard D,Horner JR,Starkey JR

更新日期：1997-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteins that recognize the core sequence GATA are important regulators of hematopoietic-specific gene transcription. We have characterized cDNAs encoding the Xenopus laevis homologues of three related transcription factors, designated GATA-1, -2, and -3. Comparative sequence analysis reveals strong conservation of th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zon LI,Mather C,Burgess S,Bolce ME,Harland RM,Orkin SH

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein O-mannosylation represents an evolutionarily conserved, essential posttranslational modification with immense impact on a variety of cellular processes. In humans, O-mannosylation defects result in Walker-Warburg syndrome, a severe recessive congenital muscular dystrophy associated with defects in neuronal mig...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hutzler J,Schmid M,Bernard T,Henrissat B,Strahl S

更新日期：2007-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Pheromone biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide (PBAN) regulates sex pheromone biosynthesis in female Helicoverpa (Heliothis) zea. Two oligonucleotide probes representing two overlapping amino acid regions of PBAN were used to screen 2.5 x 10(5) recombinant plaques, and a positive recombinant clone was isolated. Sequen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Davis MT,Vakharia VN,Henry J,Kempe TG,Raina AK

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasmids have been constructed to generate substrates for the study of proteinases 2A and 3C of poliovirus. They contain the P1 (capsomer precursor) region of the poliovirus genome or P1 and part of P2 (a nonstructural precursor), which can be transcribed and translated in vitro. A transcript containing the entire 5' ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nicklin MJ,Kräusslich HG,Toyoda H,Dunn JJ,Wimmer E

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes regulate synaptic transmission through controlling neurotransmitter concentrations around synapses. Little is known, however, about their roles in neural circuit development. Here we report that Bergmann glia (BG), specialized cerebellar astrocytes that thoroughly enwrap Purkinje cells (PCs), are essential ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miyazaki T,Yamasaki M,Hashimoto K,Kohda K,Yuzaki M,Shimamoto K,Tanaka K,Kano M,Watanabe M

更新日期：2017-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated CaKRE9, a gene from Candida albicans, that is a functional homologue of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae KRE9 gene involved in beta-1,6-glucan synthesis. Disruption of the CaKRE9 gene in C. albicans shows that CaKre9p is required for the synthesis or assembly of this fungal polymer. Homozygous null disrup...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lussier M,Sdicu AM,Shahinian S,Bussey H

更新日期：1998-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The phenomenon of selective translation of T4 template RNA by ribosomes from T4-infected cells, or factors derived therefrom, has been extended to studies on the initiation of protein synthesis. A high-salt extract derived from T4-infected ribosomes inhibits the formation of initiation complexes of MS2 and Escherichia...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Klem EB,Hsu WT,Weiss SB

更新日期：1970-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of cocaine to inhibit the dopamine transporter (DAT) appears to be crucial for its reinforcing properties. The potential use of drugs that produce long-lasting inhibition of the DAT as a mean of preventing the "high" and reducing drug-seeking behavior has become a major strategy in medication development. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Volkow ND,Wang GJ,Fowler JS,Gatley SJ,Ding YS,Logan J,Dewey SL,Hitzemann R,Lieberman J

更新日期：1996-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Evolution of new enzymatic activities is believed to require a period of gene sharing in which a single enzyme must serve both its original function and a new function that has become advantageous to the organism. Subsequent gene duplication allows one copy to maintain the original function, while the other diverges t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McLoughlin SY,Copley SD

更新日期：2008-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：:In rod photoreceptors, several phototransduction components display light-dependent translocation between cellular compartments. Notably, the G protein transducin translocates from rod outer segments to inner segments/spherules in bright light, but the functional consequences of translocation remain unclear. We genera...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Majumder A,Pahlberg J,Boyd KK,Kerov V,Kolandaivelu S,Ramamurthy V,Sampath AP,Artemyev NO

更新日期：2013-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:There are approximately 350 non-odorant G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) encoded by the human genome, many of which are predicted to be potential therapeutic targets, but there are only two structures available to represent the whole of the family. We hypothesized that improving the detergent stability of these rec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Serrano-Vega MJ,Magnani F,Shibata Y,Tate CG

更新日期：2008-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The early detection of pathogens with epidemic potential is of major importance to public health. Most emerging infections result in dead-end "spillover" events in which a pathogen is transmitted from an animal reservoir to a human but is unable to achieve the sustained human-to-human transmission necessary for a full...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Geoghegan JL,Senior AM,Di Giallonardo F,Holmes EC

更新日期：2016-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Ischemia and reperfusion both contribute to tissue damage after myocardial infarction. Although many drugs have been shown to reduce infarct size when administered before ischemia, few have been shown to be effective when administered at reperfusion. Moreover, although it is generally accepted that a burst of reactive...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Granville DJ,Tashakkor B,Takeuchi C,Gustafsson AB,Huang C,Sayen MR,Wentworth P Jr,Yeager M,Gottlieb RA

更新日期：2004-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Archaea of the phylum Thaumarchaeota are among the most abundant prokaryotes on Earth and are widely distributed in marine, terrestrial, and geothermal environments. All studied Thaumarchaeota couple the oxidation of ammonia at extremely low concentrations with carbon fixation. As the predominant nitrifiers in the oce...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Könneke M,Schubert DM,Brown PC,Hügler M,Standfest S,Schwander T,Schada von Borzyskowski L,Erb TJ,Stahl DA,Berg IA

更新日期：2014-06-03 00:00:00