Scale-invariant structure of strongly conserved sequence in genomic intersections and alignments.

abstract：:The introduction of foreign genes into early mouse embryos and embryonic stem (ES) cells is invaluable for the analysis of gene function and regulation in the living animal. The use of vectors derived from retroviruses as gene transfer vehicles in this setting has had limited success because of silencing of transgene ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pfeifer A,Ikawa M,Dayn Y,Verma IM

更新日期：2002-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Structural information about rat enteroglucagon, intestinal peptides containing the pancreatic glucagon sequence, has been based previously on cDNA, immunologic, and chromatographic data. Our interests in testing the physiological actions of synthetic enteroglucagon peptides in rats required that we identify precisely...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Collie NL,Walsh JH,Wong HC,Shively JE,Davis MT,Lee TD,Reeve JR Jr

更新日期：1994-09-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Island biogeography theory posits that species richness increases with island size and decreases with isolation. This logic underpins much conservation policy and regulation, with preference given to conserving large, highly connected areas, and relative ambivalence shown toward protecting small, isolated habitat patc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wintle BA,Kujala H,Whitehead A,Cameron A,Veloz S,Kukkala A,Moilanen A,Gordon A,Lentini PE,Cadenhead NCR,Bekessy SA

更新日期：2019-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Thermodynamics and kinetics of the interaction between T cell receptor specific for cytomegalovirus peptide (TCR(CMV)) and its specific ligand, pp65-HLA-A*0201 complex, were studied by surface plasmon resonance and stopped-flow methods. In the latter measurements, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gakamsky DM,Lewitzki E,Grell E,Saulquin X,Malissen B,Montero-Julian F,Bonneville M,Pecht I

更新日期：2007-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding and manipulation of the forces assembling DNA/RNA helices have broad implications for biology, medicine, and physics. One subject of significance is the attractive force between dsDNA mediated by polycations of valence ≥ 3. Despite extensive studies, the physical origin of the "like-charge attraction" re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Qiu X,Parsegian VA,Rau DC

更新日期：2010-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Several lines of investigation suggest that the nondegradable fluorophores that accumulate as lipofuscin in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells contribute to the etiology of macular degeneration. Despite evidence that much of this fluorescent material may originate as inadvertent products of the retinoid cycle, the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fishkin NE,Sparrow JR,Allikmets R,Nakanishi K

更新日期：2005-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:To gain further insight into the mode of action of S-locus receptor kinase (SRK), a receptor-like kinase involved in the self-incompatibility response in Brassica, different recombinant SRK proteins have been expressed in a membranous environment using the insect cell/baculovirus system. Recombinant SRK proteins exhib...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Giranton JL,Dumas C,Cock JM,Gaude T

更新日期：2000-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Not having enough of what one needs has long been shown to have detrimental consequences for decision making. Recent work suggests that the experience of insufficient resources can create a "scarcity" mindset; increasing attention toward the scarce resource itself, but at the cost of attention for unrelated aspects. T...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huijsmans I,Ma I,Micheli L,Civai C,Stallen M,Sanfey AG

更新日期：2019-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple studies have established that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the initiation and progression of cancer. Notably, miR-155 is one of the most overexpressed miRNAs in several solid and hematological malignancies. Ectopic miR-155 expression in mice B cells (Eμ-miR-155 transgenic mice) has been shown to induce ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sandhu SK,Volinia S,Costinean S,Galasso M,Neinast R,Santhanam R,Parthun MR,Perrotti D,Marcucci G,Garzon R,Croce CM

更新日期：2012-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Double fertilization is a key innovation for the evolutionary success of angiosperms by which the two fertilized female gametes, the egg cell and central cell, generate the embryo and endosperm, respectively. The female gametophyte (embryo sac) enclosed in the sporophyte is derived from a one-celled haploid cell linea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang MX,Zhu SS,Xu YC,Guo YL,Yang WC,Li HJ

更新日期：2020-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:This note presents the derivation of generalized Ambartsumian-Chandrasekhar X and Y functions for stationary transfer in a plane-parallel slab. An algebraic formula relating these functions to the usual reflection function is also presented, together with the appropriate generalization of the Chandrasekhar H-equations...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Casti J

更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From the types of ring chromosomes induced in x-irradiated Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, we deduce the existence of switches in the polarity of chromosomal DNA; if there is a continuous DNA double helix along the full length of the chromosome then the polarity switches imply 3'-3' and 5'-5' phosphodiester linkage...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wolff S,Lindsley DL,Peacock WJ

更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunoreactive intact cholecystokinin and its COOH-terminal octapeptide are found in brain as well as in extracts of gut of the monkey, dog, and pig, by using an antiserum with equivalent sensitivities for detecting the octapeptide in free form or incorporated in the intact molecule. The failure to detect intact chole...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Straus E,Yalow RS

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Filtration through the kidney eliminates toxins, manages electrolyte balance, and controls water homeostasis. Reabsorption of water from the luminal fluid of the nephron occurs through aquaporin-2 (AQP2) water pores in principal cells that line the kidney-collecting duct. This vital process is impeded by formation of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Whiting JL,Ogier L,Forbush KA,Bucko P,Gopalan J,Seternes OM,Langeberg LK,Scott JD

更新日期：2016-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Class I gene products D, L, and R encoded by the D region of the H-2q haplotype were isolated by sequential immunoprecipitation from Nonidet P-40 extracts of B10.AKM murine spleen cells. Primary structural comparisons of these molecules were made by tryptic peptide map analyses and radiochemical amino acid sequence de...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lillehoj EP,Hansen TH,Sachs DH,Coligan JE

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacteriophytochromes sense light in the near-infrared window, the spectral region where absorption by mammalian tissues is minimal, and their chromophore, biliverdin IXα, is naturally present in animal cells. These properties make bacteriophytochromes particularly attractive for optogenetic applications. However, the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ryu MH,Kang IH,Nelson MD,Jensen TM,Lyuksyutova AI,Siltberg-Liberles J,Raizen DM,Gomelsky M

更新日期：2014-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A key component of scientific communication is sufficient information for other researchers in the field to reproduce published findings. For computational and data-enabled research, this has often been interpreted to mean making available the raw data from which results were generated, the computer code that generate...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stodden V,Seiler J,Ma Z

更新日期：2018-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Guanylin and uroguanylin are intestinal peptides that stimulate chloride secretion by activating a common set of receptor-guanylate cyclase signaling molecules located on the mucosal surface of enterocytes. High mucosal acidity, similar to the pH occurring within the fluid microclimate domain at the mucosal surface of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hamra FK,Eber SL,Chin DT,Currie MG,Forte LR

更新日期：1997-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Embryonic stem cells can be induced in vitro, by coculture with the stromal line RP.0.10 and a mixture of interleukins 3, 6, and 7, to differentiate into T (Joro75+) and B (B-220+) lymphocyte progenitors and other (Thy-1+, PgP-1+, c-kit+, Joro75-, B-220-, F4/80-, Mac-1-) hemopoietic precursors. The progeny of in vitro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gutierrez-Ramos JC,Palacios R

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neutron diffraction maps have been used to assign the rotor conformations of the hydroxyl hydrogens in trypsin. Knowledge of these conformations is used to assess the relative importance of steric and electrostatic effects in conferring the H-bonding geometries of these groups. A general finding was that most hydroxyl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kossiakoff AA,Shpungin J,Sintchak MD

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tissue-specific pattern of mRNA expression can indicate important clues about gene function. High-density oligonucleotide arrays offer the opportunity to examine patterns of gene expression on a genome scale. Toward this end, we have designed custom arrays that interrogate the expression of the vast majority of pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Su AI,Wiltshire T,Batalov S,Lapp H,Ching KA,Block D,Zhang J,Soden R,Hayakawa M,Kreiman G,Cooke MP,Walker JR,Hogenesch JB

更新日期：2004-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In adult rodents, neurons are continually generated in the subventricular zone of the forebrain, from where they migrate tangentially toward the olfactory bulb, the only known target for these neuronal precursors. Within the main olfactory bulb, they ascend radially into the granule and periglomerular cell layers, whe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gheusi G,Cremer H,McLean H,Chazal G,Vincent JD,Lledo PM

更新日期：2000-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Phenotypic capacitance refers to the ability of a genome to accumulate mutations that are conditionally hidden and only reveal phenotype-altering effects after certain environmental or genetic changes. Capacitance has important implications for the evolution of novel forms and functions, but experimentally studied mec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hayden EJ,Bendixsen DP,Wagner A

更新日期：2015-10-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Asymmetric epoxidation of various styrenes using carbocyclic oxazolidinone-containing ketone 3 has been investigated. High enantioselectivity (89-93% enantiomeric excess) has been attained for this challenging class of alkenes. Mechanistic studies show that substituents on the ketone catalyst can have electronic influ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hickey M,Goeddel D,Crane Z,Shi Y

更新日期：2004-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The nod (no distributive disjunction) and the ncd (non-claret disjunctional) mutations are both female-specific, recessive meiotic mutations in Drosophila melanogaster. Mutations at either locus show high frequencies of nondisjunction at meiosis I and both have been shown to encode kinesin-like proteins. Unlike the nc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knowles BA,Hawley RS

更新日期：1991-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The photosynthetic apparatus converts light into chemical energy by a series of reactions that give rise to a coupled flow of electrons and protons that generate reducing power and ATP, respectively. A key intermediate in these reactions is plastoquinone (PQ), the most abundant electron and proton (hydrogen) carrier i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McCauley SW,Melis A,Tang GM,Arnon DI

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The integrity of cell membranes is maintained by a balance between the amount of cholesterol and the amounts of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids in phospholipids. This balance is maintained by membrane-bound transcription factors called sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) that activate genes encod...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brown MS,Goldstein JL

更新日期：1999-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Cathepsin B (CTSB) is overexpressed in tumors of the lung, prostate, colon, breast, and stomach. However, evidence of primary genomic alterations in the CTSB gene during tumor initiation or progression has been lacking. We have found a novel amplicon at 8p22-23 that results in CTSB overexpression in esophageal adenoca...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hughes SJ,Glover TW,Zhu XX,Kuick R,Thoraval D,Orringer MB,Beer DG,Hanash S

更新日期：1998-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Curved DNA molecules and unusually small circles have been obtained by ligation of synthetic 21-base precursors: (sequence in text). The ligation resulted in the formation of double-stranded oligo-(precursor)s possessing a strong 10.5-base-pair (bp) periodicity of the runs of adenines. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ulanovsky L,Bodner M,Trifonov EN,Choder M

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To clone the gene for the human Na+/H+ antiporter, we first constructed a stable mouse LTK- cell line (LAP1) lacking Na+/H+ antiport activity. Second, we devised a selective technique based on acid killing that specifically sorts out cells expressing low levels of Na+/H+ antiport activity from a population of antiport...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Franchi A,Perucca-Lostanlen D,Pouyssegur J

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00