Abstract:
:The Rapid Stat assay, a point-of-collection drug-testing device for detection of amphetamines, cannabinoids, cocaine, opiates, methadone, and benzodiazepines in oral fluid, was evaluated for cannabis and amphetamine-type stimulants. The Rapid Stat tests (n = 134) were applied by police officers in routine traffic checks. Oral fluid and blood samples were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, amphetamine, methamphetamine, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, methylenedioxyethylamphetamine, and methylenedioxyamphetamine. The comparison of GC-MS analysis of oral fluid with the Rapid Stat results for cannabis showed a sensitivity of 85%, a specificity of 87%, and a total confirmation rate of 87%. When compared with serum, the sensitivity of the cannabis assay decreased to 71%, the specificity to 60%, and the total confirmation rate to 66%. These findings were possibly caused by an incorrect reading of the THC test results. Comparison of the Rapid Stat amphetamine assay with GC-MS in oral fluid showed a sensitivity of 94%, a specificity of 97%, and a total confirmation rate of 97%. Compared with serum, a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 90%, and a total confirmation rate of 92% was found. The amphetamine assay must, therefore, be regarded as satisfactory.
journal_name
J Anal Toxicoljournal_title
Journal of analytical toxicologyauthors
Röhrich J,Zörntlein S,Becker J,Urban Rdoi
10.1093/jat/34.3.155subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-04-01 00:00:00pages
155-61issue
3eissn
0146-4760issn
1945-2403journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A comparison was made of several cannabinoid urine assays. Two hundred randomly selected urine specimens were initially screened by two enzyme immunoassays (EMIT-st and EMIT-d.a.u.) and a radioimmunoassay (Abuscreen RIA). Selected specimens found positive by any of these methods were further analyzed by gas-liquid chr...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/8.4.192
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bupropion is a "second generation" antidepressant agent structurally related to the phenethylamines. Postmortem toxicology data are presented from three suicidal drug overdoses in which bupropion was detected. In two cases in which bupropion was the major toxicology finding, peripheral blood levels of the parent drug ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/17.7.436
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Europe, the compound 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy, Adam), in addition to cannabis, is the most abused illicit drug at all-night "techno" parties. Methods for the determination of MDMA and its metabolites, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine (HMMA), 3,4-dihydroxy-methamphetamine (HHMA), 3,4-methyl...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/20.6.432
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes a possible suicide by overdosage with diltiazem. The decreased, a 39-year-old male who had been under treatment for an unidentified heart condition, was discovered on the bathroom floor in his residence. Comprehensive drug screens performed on available postmortem specimens revealed the presence ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/18.3.180
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The stability of nortriptyline in aqueous solutions containing various concentrations of formaldehyde was investigated. Amitriptyline, as a reaction product, was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in these experiments. Factors that may contribute to this phenomenon, including pH, formaldehyde c...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/14.5.325
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) is an effective component of several insect repellent products. A 19-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency department following ingestion of 15-25 mL 95% diethyltoluamide (Muscol). Serum and urine toxicology screening tests were negative except for detection of DEET. DEET was qual...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/19.3.197
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Positive benzoylecgonine (BZE) urinalysis results are sometimes challenged in legal and administrative proceedings on the grounds that the presence of BZE is due to the addition of cocaine to the urine sample with subsequent in vitro hydrolysis to BZE. Consequently, counsel for the respondent or defendant may move tha...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/24.7.482
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of decomposition microclimate on the distribution of dextromethorphan (DXM) and dextrorphan (DXT) in skeletonized remains of rats acutely exposed to DXM were examined. Animals (n = 10) received DXM (75 mg/kg, i.p.), were euthanized 30 min post-dose and immediately allowed to decompose at either Site A (sha...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bkw083
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the investigation of aviation accidents, postmortem specimens from accident victims are submitted to the Federal Aviation Administration's Civil Aerospace Medical Institute (CAMI) for toxicological analysis. A case recently received by CAMI screened positive for the anticonvulsant medication carbamazepine (CBZ;...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bku064
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sensitive and specific method for the quantitative determination of D,L-methadone (MD) and its metabolites, D,L-2-ethyl-1,5-dimethyl-3, 3-diphenylpyrrolinium (EDDP) and D,L-2-ethyl-5-methyl-3, 3-diphenyl-1-pyrroline (EMDP), in hair has been developed. Deuterated internal standards of MD, EMDP, and EDDP were added to...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/20.6.355
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quetiapine fumarate (Seroquel) is a dibenzothiazepine psychotropic agent that was introduced in 1997 for treating psychoses. Quetiapine is being found with increasing frequency in postmortem cases in Virginia. We report the postmortem results and histories of 20 quetiapine cases from the Office of the Chief Medical Ex...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/30.4.287
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sensitive and reproducible gas chromatographic procedure for the quantitative determination of urinary o-cresol is described. The first step involves acid hydrolysis (2N HCl, 100 degrees C, 10 min), which yields unconjugated o-cresol. After extraction (methylene chloride, pH 2), the organic layer is concentrated by ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/20.5.309
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the quantification of 25 common pharmaceuticals in whole blood. The selected pharmaceuticals represent the most frequently detected drugs in our forensic laboratory with basic properties such as analgesics, antid...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bks054
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the quantitation of oxymorphone (OM) in human whole blood and liver. Sample preparation was done by solid-phase extraction, using deuterated OM as the internal standard. Separation was achieved using a Waters Aquity UPLC ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bkt077
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe an assay for measuring cocaine and benzoylecgonine in meconium of infants born to mothers suspected of using cocaine during their pregnancy. The assay involves the use of fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) to screen for benzoylecgonine in a methanolic extract of the meconium. The FPIA is sensitiv...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/16.4.261
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new tetracyclic antidepressant drug, maprotiline hydrochloride was found to be the agent of death in a 23-year-old subject following massive injestion (4.5-6.0 g). The case may be the first reported maprotiline death (sole cause) in the United States. Analytical parameters were studies and various chromatographic an...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/6.4.199
更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to assess the persistence of clenbuterol residues in retinal tissue of pigs after repeated administration in a growth-promoting dose, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a screening method for quantitative determination. A growth-promoting dose of clenbuterol (20 μg/kg b...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/anatox/35.1.28
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Niflumic acid is a nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory drug widely prescribed in Greece. We recently noticed that this drug cross-reacts for cannabinoids in a kinetic interaction of microparticles in a solution (KIMS) immunoassay method but does not in an enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) immunoassay method. ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/34.4.229
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gelsemium plants are highly poisonous but toxicological evaluation of suspected poisoning cases has been hampered by the chemical complexity of the gelsemium toxins involved. A novel liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry protocol was optimized for the collective detection of gelsemine and related alkaloid...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/33.1.56
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The maximum stability conditions for cocaine and its metabolite benzoylecgonine (BE) in urine were analyzed. Suggestions were presented after careful review of many studies and personal communications concerning cocaine and BE stability in urine. The optimal storage conditions for urine specimens with cocaine and BE w...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jat/18.2.104
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple and sensitive method for determination of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) by gas chromatography (GC) with surface ionization detection (SID) is presented. Whole blood or urine, containing DMT and gramine (internal standard), was subjected to solid-phase extraction with a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge before analysis by ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/21.1.36
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) was used to test for opiates (morphine, hydromorphone, and codeine) in extracts of blood, bile, and tissue homogenates. All immunoassay opiate positive specimens were then tested by a reversed-phase liquid chromatographic procedure using electrochemical detection (LCEC...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/8.2.78
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Solid-phase extraction (SPE) and a one-step derivatization are combined with gas chromatography-negative ion chemical ionization-mass spectrometry to simplify a previously reported method for the determination of naltrexone and its metabolite, 6-beta-naltrexol, in human plasma. Deuterated isotopomers of naltrexone and...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/21.4.252
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an attempt to improve the sensitivity and selectivity of thin-layer chromatographic analysis for the detection of strychnine and crimidine in biological samples, a rapid high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method with densitometry is described. Fortified dog serum and stomach content samples were an...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/20.3.185
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human exposure to organophosphate pesticides can be estimated from the presence of urinary metabolites. An isotope-dilution gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS-MS) method was developed for quantitating the six dialkyl phosphate urinary metabolites of at least 29 organophosphate pesticides. Urine samples...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/26.5.245
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In mothers who had no prenatal care and in their newborns, the presence of cocaine and benzoylecgonine (BE) was determined in urine, hair, and meconium. Samples of urine and hair were obtained from pregnant women who entered the hospital for delivery. Cocaine usage was assessed by a urinary enzyme-multiplied immunoass...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/18.5.247
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the degree of ethanol absorption and the resultant formation and urinary excretion of its conjugated metabolites following intensive use of high ethanol content mouthwash, 10 subjects gargled with Listerine(®) antiseptic 4 times daily for 3¼ days. First morning void urine specimens were collected on each ...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/anatox/35.5.264
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that drug concentrations in blood can change during storage, especially at room temperature, but even labile drugs such as cocaine may be stable in dried blood spots (DBS). A new method has been developed for the analysis of hydrolytically labile drugs in blood spots on filter paper in orde...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/32.7.511
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analytical chemical procedures are described to determine residues of the drugs clofibrate and tibric acid in animal feed, wastewater, and human urine. Clofibrate was extracted from animal feed and human urine with hexane, whereas residues from wastewater were collected on a Sep-PakTM then eluted with methanol for ana...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/6.4.175
更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::For many reasons, forensic toxicologists are being asked to determine and report their measurement uncertainty in blood alcohol analysis. While understood conceptually, the elements and computations involved in determining measurement uncertainty are generally foreign to most forensic toxicologists. Several establishe...
journal_title:Journal of analytical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jat/bks012
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00