Two isoforms of human RNA polymerase III with specific functions in cell growth and transformation.

abstract：:Antigen receptor variable region exons are assembled during lymphocyte development from variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) gene segments. Each germ-line gene segment is flanked by recombination signal sequences (RSs). Recombination-activating gene endonuclease initiates V(D)J recombination by cleaving a pair...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zha S,Jiang W,Fujiwara Y,Patel H,Goff PH,Brush JW,Dubois RL,Alt FW

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of a spider silk-manufacturing process is of great interest. However, there are serious problems with natural manufacturing through spider farming, and standard recombinant protein production platforms have provided limited progress due to their inability to assemble spider silk proteins into fibers. T...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Teulé F,Miao YG,Sohn BH,Kim YS,Hull JJ,Fraser MJ Jr,Lewis RV,Jarvis DL

更新日期：2012-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:We are presented with choices each day about how to invest our effort to achieve our goals. Critically, these decisions must frequently be made under conditions of incomplete information, where either the effort required or possible reward to be gained is uncertain. Such choices therefore require the development of po...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arulpragasam AR,Cooper JA,Nuutinen MR,Treadway MT

更新日期：2018-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the genetic interactions between mutant alleles in 12 genes, designated PER1-PER12, which are essential for peroxisome biogenesis in the yeast Hansenula polymorpha. Recessive mutations in any of these genes determined three different morphological phenotypes: (i) complete absence of peroxisomes (Per-);...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Titorenko VI,Waterham HR,Cregg JM,Harder W,Veenhuis M

更新日期：1993-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of intraspecific and interspecific interactions in structuring biotic communities at fine spatial scales is well documented, but the signature of species interactions at coarser spatial scales is unclear. We present evidence that species interactions may be a significant factor in mediating the regional assem...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gotelli NJ,Graves GR,Rahbek C

更新日期：2010-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunoreactive and bioreactive corticotropin (ACTH-like) activities have been detected in the median eminence and remaining medial basal hypothalamus of both normal and hypophysectomized adult male rats: bioreactive ACTH (pg/100 mug of protein) 1028 in median eminence and 1289 in medial basal hypothalamus; immunoreact...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Krieger DT,Liotta A,Brownstein MJ

更新日期：1977-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously demonstrated that the primary region of factor IX and IXa responsible for saturable specific binding to bovine aortic endothelial cells resides in residues 3-11 at the amino terminus of factor IX. We also demonstrated that mutations of lysine to alanine at residue 5, factor IX K5A, or valine to lysine at...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cheung WF,van den Born J,Kühn K,Kjellén L,Hudson BG,Stafford DW

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanisms that enabled primitive cell membranes to self-reproduce have been discussed based on the physicochemical properties of fatty acids; however, there must be a transition to modern cell membranes composed of phospholipids [Budin I, Szostak JW (2011) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108:5249-5254]. Thus, a growth-divisio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Terasawa H,Nishimura K,Suzuki H,Matsuura T,Yomo T

更新日期：2012-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Nerve growth factor has been quantified by both bioassay and radial immunodiffusion in mouse saliva elicited by several secretagogues. The concentrations by bioassay of nerve growth factor in both epinephrine- and norepinephrine-induced saliva (3400 and 900 mug/ml, respectively) are higher than reported in any other s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wallace LJ,Partlow LM

更新日期：1976-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nanophthalmos is a rare disorder of eye development characterized by extreme hyperopia (farsightedness), with refractive error in the range of +8.00 to +25.00 diopters. Because the cornea and lens are normal in size and shape, hyperopia occurs because insufficient growth along the visual axis places these lensing comp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sundin OH,Leppert GS,Silva ED,Yang JM,Dharmaraj S,Maumenee IH,Santos LC,Parsa CF,Traboulsi EI,Broman KW,Dibernardo C,Sunness JS,Toy J,Weinberg EM

更新日期：2005-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of messages initiated by one receptor on the covalent modification of a second receptor were studied by use of a technique for rapidly separating the receptors. Methylation of the bacterial-chemotactic serine receptor increases as a result of aspartate binding to the aspartate receptor. The aspartate-induc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sanders DA,Koshland DE Jr

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Malaria transmission has been substantially reduced across Africa through the distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). However, the emergence of insecticide resistance within mosquito vectors risks jeopardizing the future efficacy of this control strategy. The severity of this threat is uncertain becaus...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Viana M,Hughes A,Matthiopoulos J,Ranson H,Ferguson HM

更新日期：2016-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:A mechanistic understanding of the controls on carbon storage and losses is essential for our capacity to predict and mitigate human impacts on the global carbon cycle. Plant litter decomposition is an important first step for carbon and nutrient turnover, and litter inputs and losses are essential in determining soil...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Austin AT,Méndez MS,Ballaré CL

更新日期：2016-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase (PIPK) family of enzymes is primarily responsible for converting singly phosphorylated phosphatidylinositol derivatives to phosphatidylinositol bisphosphates. As such, these kinases are central to many signaling and membrane trafficking processes in the eukaryotic cell. The th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Muftuoglu Y,Xue Y,Gao X,Wu D,Ha Y

更新日期：2016-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:By selective attachment of a DNA cleavage agent to specific residues in the yeast TATA box binding protein (yTBP), we demonstrate that, in solution, yTBP binds to the TATA boxes of both the adenovirus major late promoter and the yeast CYC1 promoter with only a modest preference in orientation and binds well to several...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cox JM,Hayward MM,Sanchez JF,Gegnas LD,van der Zee S,Dennis JH,Sigler PB,Schepartz A

更新日期：1997-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Huntington disease (HD) is caused by an expansion mutation of the N-terminal polyglutamine of huntingtin (mHTT). mHTT is ubiquitously present, but it induces noticeable damage to the brain's striatum, thereby affecting motor, psychiatric, and cognitive functions. The striatal damage and progression of HD are associate...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sharma M,Rajendrarao S,Shahani N,Ramírez-Jarquín UN,Subramaniam S

更新日期：2020-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A simple in vitro system that supports chromatin assembly was developed for Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The assembly reaction is ATP-dependent, uses soluble histones and assembly factors, and generates physiologically spaced nucleosomes. We analyze the pathway of histone recruitment into nucleosomes, using this system i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schultz MC,Hockman DJ,Harkness TA,Garinther WI,Altheim BA

更新日期：1997-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding how changes in antibiotic consumption affect the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens is important for public health. In a number of bacterial species, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, the prevalence of resistance has remained relatively stable despite prolonged selection pressur...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lehtinen S,Blanquart F,Croucher NJ,Turner P,Lipsitch M,Fraser C

更新日期：2017-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The extensive Early Jurassic continental strata of southern Africa have yielded an exceptional record of dinosaurs that includes scores of partial to complete skeletons of the sauropodomorph Massospondylus, ranging from embryos to large adults. In 1976 an incomplete egg clutch including in ovo embryos of this dinosaur...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reisz RR,Evans DC,Roberts EM,Sues HD,Yates AM

更新日期：2012-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:In a well networked community, there is intense social interaction, and information disseminates briskly and broadly. This is important if the environment is volatile (i.e., keeps changing) and individuals never stop searching for fresh opportunities. Here, we present a simple model that attributes the rise of a dynam...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Marsili M,Vega-Redondo F,Slanina F

更新日期：2004-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Comparative genetic maps of Papuan Saccharum officinarum L. (2n = 80) and S. robustum (2n = 80) were constructed by using single-dose DNA markers (SDMs). SDM-framework maps of S. officinarum and S. robustum were compared with genetic maps of sorghum and maize by way of anchor restriction fragment length polymorphism p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guimarães CT,Sills GR,Sobral BW

更新日期：1997-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize antigens in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I gene products. The T-cell receptor (TCR) that mediates this MHC-restricted antigen recognition recognizes short peptide fragments rather than the intact antigen. Presentation of peptides to the TCR may th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kievits F,Wijffels J,Lokhorst W,Ivanyi P

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutagenesis of protein-encoding sequences occurs ubiquitously; it enables evolution, accumulates during aging, and is associated with disease. Many biotechnological methods exploit random mutations to evolve novel proteins. To quantitate protein tolerance to random change, it is vital to understand the probability tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guo HH,Choe J,Loeb LA

更新日期：2004-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:We created a high-throughput modality of photoactivated localization microscopy (PALM) that enables automated 3D PALM imaging of hundreds of synchronized bacteria during all stages of the cell cycle. We used high-throughput PALM to investigate the nanoscale organization of the bacterial cell division protein FtsZ in l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Holden SJ,Pengo T,Meibom KL,Fernandez Fernandez C,Collier J,Manley S

更新日期：2014-03-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of missense changes in BRCA1 in breast cancer susceptibility has been difficult to establish. We used comparative evolutionary methods to identify potential functionally important amino acid sites in exon 11 and missense changes likely to disrupt gene function, aligning sequences from 57 eutherian mammals and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fleming MA,Potter JD,Ramirez CJ,Ostrander GK,Ostrander EA

更新日期：2003-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The blood-aqueous barrier plays a key role in regulating aqueous humor homeostasis by selectively restricting passage of proteins into the eye. The kinetics of aqueous flow are traditionally measured using artificial markers; however, these marker molecules do not address the barrier's selective permeability to plasma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu P,Thomson BR,Khalatyan N,Feng L,Liu X,Savas JN,Quaggin SE,Jin J

更新日期：2018-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The wide diversity of dendritic trees is one of the most striking features of neural circuits. Here we develop a general quantitative theory relating the total length of dendritic wiring to the number of branch points and synapses. We show that optimal wiring predicts a 2/3 power law between these measures. We demonst...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cuntz H,Mathy A,Häusser M

更新日期：2012-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Specific protein domains and amino acids responsible for the apparent capacity of P-glycoprotein (mdr) to recognize and transport a large group of structurally unrelated drugs have not been identified. We have introduced a single Ser----Phe substitution within the predicted TM11 domain of mdr1 (position 941) and mdr3 ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gros P,Dhir R,Croop J,Talbot F

更新日期：1991-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A theoretical description of aqueous hydration in the minor groove of a B-form DNA is presented on the basis of a liquid-state Monte Carlo computer simulation on a system consisting of the oligonucleotide duplex d(CGCGAATTCGCG).d(GCGCTTAAGCGC) in a canonical B-form together with 1777 water molecules contained in a hex...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Subramanian PS,Ravishanker G,Beveridge DL

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Early abstract reasoning has typically been characterized by a "relational shift," in which children initially focus on object features but increasingly come to interpret similarity in terms of structured relations. An alternative possibility is that this shift reflects a learned bias, rather than a typical waypoint a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carstensen A,Zhang J,Heyman GD,Fu G,Lee K,Walker CM

更新日期：2019-07-09 00:00:00