Abstract:
:Phospholipases A2 (PLA2) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of the sn-2 ester bond of glycerophospholipids liberating lysophospholipids and free fatty acids; important second messengers involved in atherogenesis. Plasma PAF-acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) or Lp-PLA2 is a Ca(2+)-independent PLA2 which is produced by monocyte-derived macrophages and by activated platelets, and circulates in plasma associated with lipoproteins. PAF-AH catalyzes the removal of the acetyl/short acyl group at the sn-2 position of PAF and oxidized phospholipids produced during inflammation and oxidative stress. In humans, PAF-AH is mainly associated with small dense LDL and to a lesser extent with HDL and with lipoprotein(a). PAF-AH is N-glycosylated prior to secretion which diminishes its association with HDL raising the question of its distribution between the proatherogenic LDL vs the antiatherogenic HDL. Hypercholesterolemic patients have higher plasma PAF-AH activity which is reduced upon hypolipidemic therapy. PAF-AH specific inhibitor darapladib stabilizes human and swine plaques, therefore challenging the antiatherogenic potential of PAF-AH shown in small animal models. Among secreted PLA2s (sPLA2), the group X sPLA2 (PLA2GX), due to its very high activity towards phosphatidylcholine the main phospholipid of LDL, became an attractive target in atherosclerosis. We showed that PLA2GX is present in human atherosclerotic lesions and that the PLA2GX-phospholipolysed LDL triggers human macrophage-foam cell formation. In contrast to other sPLA2s, including group IB, IIA and V, PLA2GX can efficiently hydrolyze PAF present in lipoproteins or vesicles indicating that PLA2GX may be a novel player in PAF regulation upon inflammatory processes. By a genetic approach we uncovered a relatively rare polymorphism (Arg38Cys) which produces a catalytically inactive PLA2GX; although no association was observed with cardiovascular risk factors in the AtheroGene study, this result should be replicated in cohorts of other inflammatory diseases. We anticipate that mores studies will be necessary to sort out the exact role of extracellular PLA2 family members in atherosclerosis initiation and progression.
journal_name
Biochimiejournal_title
Biochimieauthors
Karabina SA,Gora S,Atout R,Ninio Edoi
10.1016/j.biochi.2010.02.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-06-01 00:00:00pages
594-600issue
6eissn
0300-9084issn
1638-6183pii
S0300-9084(10)00046-5journal_volume
92pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
BIOCHIMIE文献大全abstract::Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD) catalyzes the conversion of isovaleryl-CoA to 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA and the transfer of electrons to the electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF). Recombinant human IVD purifies with bound CoA-persulfide. A modified purification protocol was developed to isolate IVD without bound CoA-pers...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2014.11.007
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genome-editing technologies, in particular, CRISPR systems, are widely used for targeted regulation of gene expression and obtaining modified human and animal cell lines, plants, fungi, and animals with preassigned features. Despite being well described and easy to perform, the most common methods for construction and...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2019.09.003
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The periplasmic histidine permease of Salmonella typhimurium is composed of a soluble histidine-binding protein and three membrane-bound components. These latter are produced in very small amounts and only two, the Q and the P protein, have been previously identified. This paper describes the construction of a plasmid...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-9084(85)80242-x
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The insulin receptor appears as a tetrameric glycoprotein consisting of two Mr 130,000 subunits (alpha), and two Mr 95,000 subunits (beta) in a disulfide-linked complex. Insulin bound to its specific cell surface receptors in its target cells leads to a complex array of molecular events resulting in insulin effects. I...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-9084(85)80109-7
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Simian Virus 40 (SV40) DNA replication was studied in vitro using cell free extracts prepared from SV40 infected CV1 cells. The cells were fractionated into a soluble cytoplasmic fraction and nuclei. The nuclei were lysed with high salt and used to prepare a soluble nuclear fraction. Both fractions displayed DNA polym...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-9084(76)80088-0
更新日期:1976-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::It is now over 10 years since the discovery of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) and its unique role in adipogenesis. The subsequent identification of PPAR gamma as the target of insulin sensitizing drugs certified this ligand-regulated transcription factor as an exciting link between adipo...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2004.10.021
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::tmRNA (10Sa RNA, ssrA) acts to rescue stalled bacterial ribosomes while encoding a peptide tag added trans-translationally to the nascent peptide, targeting it for proteolysis. Ribosomal protein S1 is required for tmRNA binding to isolated and poly U-programmed ribosomes. Mobility assays on native gels indicate that t...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-9084(02)01442-6
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously proposed that the rate of ribosome function during balanced growth in E. coli, expressed as the rate of peptide chain elongation, is adjusted by a feedback mechanism: whenever that rate is submaximal (i.e. below 22 amino acid residues polymerized per active ribosome at 37 degrees C), the feedback si...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2007.10.008
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alpha 1, 2-fucosyltransferase (FUT 1/2) is a rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of Lewis y, a cell membrane-associated carbohydrate antigen. In human ovarian cancer, the upregulated expression of FUT1 and Lewis y is associated with advanced pathological stages and involved in cell proliferation, migrati...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2014.09.015
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kex2 is a Ca2+-dependent serine protease from S. cerevisiae. Characterization of the substrate specificity of Kex2 is of particular interest because this protease serves as the prototype of a large family of eukaryotic subtilisin-related proprotein-processing proteases that cleave sites consisting of pairs or clusters...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2016.10.003
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The field of immunometabolism has come a long way in the past decade, leading to the emergence of a new role for white adipose tissue (WAT) that is now recognized to stand at the junction of immune and metabolic regulations. Interestingly, a crucial role of the abundant and heterogeneous immune population present in W...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2015.06.012
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress, characterized by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is known to have numerous detrimental effects on the myocardium such as the induction of apoptotic cell death, hypertrophy, fibrosis, dysfunction, and dilatation. Over the past several years, we have shown that mitochondrial NADP(+)-...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2013.11.016
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To elucidate the metabolic function of mRNA polyadenylation in Escherichia coli. we searched for a polyadenylate-binding protein as a potential mediator of the function of the poly(A) moiety. Using a nitrocellulose filter-binding assay and a Northwestern blot technique, a protein in the ribosomal supernatant fraction ...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-9084(97)82741-1
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied the kinetics of erythromycin inhibition of translation in growing bacteria. In order to simplify the interpretation of our data, we have used a mutant (envA), known to have an increased permeability to several antibiotics, including erythromycin. The data clearly show that an initial stage of translati...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-9084(87)90218-5
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) modification by the ADAR (adenosine deaminase that acts on RNA) enzymes perform the most common type of RNA editing in metazoans. ADARs use double stranded RNA as substrates but allow interruptions of bulges and loops in the structure. It is well known that these enzymes can use messenger...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2007.06.002
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of bis-(p-nitrophenyl)phosphate on various glycosyltransferases involved in protein glycosylation (sialyl-, fucosyl-, galactosyl-, mannosyl- and glucosyltransferases) have been studied using crude enzyme preparations solubilized from rat spleen lymphocytes. Bis-(p-nitrophenyl)phosphate appears as a common i...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-9084(83)80106-0
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of a concentrated preparation (EPA 30) containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) on the limiting desaturation steps of the polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Adu...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-9084(97)81505-2
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herein, we report the purification and biochemical characterization of a novel bi-functional protein proteinase/amylase inhibitor from the dietary leguminous pulse Phaseolus aureus Roxb. (Vigna radiata L.) by means of acetic acid precipitation, salt fractionation, ion-exchange chromatography (DEAE-cellulose) and affin...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2005.05.007
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A discriminating system capable of recognizing the oxygenated sterols was investigated in human lymphocytes. After labelling entire cells with 25-hydroxy [3H] cholesterol (10 nM) the cytosol was ultracentrifuged on a linear sucrose density gradient. Bound 25-hydroxy [3H] cholesterol was located in a single peak with a...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-9084(82)80437-9
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rate of hydrolysis of long chain triglycerides by pure bovine pancreatic lipase has been determined in the presence of variable amounts of bile salts and colipase. Cofactor-free lipase is strongly inhibited by sodium taurodesoxycholate and by mixed bovine bile salts at concentrations higher than the critical micel...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-9084(76)80572-x
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potent cytotoxicity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause various diseases, however, it may also serve as a powerful chemotherapeutic strategy capable of killing cancer cells. Oxalomalate (OMA, α-hydroxy-β-oxalosuccinic acid), a tricarboxylic acid intermediate, is a well-known competitive inhibitor of two cla...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2019.01.004
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of curing agents (salt, nitrate, ascorbic acid and glucose) and processing parameters (pH, water activity and drying and cooking temperatures) on pork muscle cathepsins B, D, H and L as well as leucyl, arginyl and tyrosyl hydrolysing activities is reported. Salt (60 g/l) showed a powerful inhibitory effect,...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-9084(92)90128-2
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recombinant plasmids containing head-to-tail copies of different coat-protein replacement genomes of wheat dwarf virus (WDV) were used to study the mechanism leading to the release of replicating unit-length molecules in suspension culture cells of Triticum monococcum. For plasmids bearing two complete genomes, the vi...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-9084(93)90067-3
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leptin is a cytokine secreted by the adipose tissue that is involved in the control of body weight. We previously showed that a point mutation (R105W) in leptin results in leptin deficiency, marked obesity and hypogonadism in humans adults. Expression in COS1 cells showed impaired secretion and intracellular accumulat...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2004.06.005
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal human malignancies and a major health problem. Patients diagnosed with PC and treated with conventional approaches have an overall 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. Novel strategies are needed to treat this disease. Herein, we propose a combinatorial strat...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2015.07.012
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The proton NMR data of a synthetic model of deoxy-myoglobin and hemoglobin show one that:(i) the ground state of the high spin iron (II) complex must be described by at least two electronic levels separated by ca.200 cm-1 and resulting from the removal of the degeneracy of the 5E level; (ii) this in-plane rhombic dist...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-9084(82)80285-x
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haloalkane dehalogenases are known as bacterial enzymes cleaving a carbon-halogen bond in halogenated compounds. Here we report the first biochemically characterized non-microbial haloalkane dehalogenase DspA from Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. The enzyme shows a preference for terminally brominated hydrocarbons and e...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2013.07.025
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcineurin (CN) is a unique calcium/calmodulin (CaM)-activated serine/threonine phosphatase. To perform its diverse biological functions, CN communicates with many substrates and other proteins. In the physiological activation of T cells, CN acts through transcriptional factors belonging to the NFAT family and other ...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2016.04.011
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sphingolipids are degraded by sphingomyelinase and ceramidase in the gut to ceramide and sphingosine, which may inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis, and thus have anti-tumour effects in the gut. Although previous rodent studies including experiments on knockout mice indicate a role of neutral ceramidase in...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2007.03.009
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aptamers are short single-stranded nucleic acid molecules that are selected in vitro from a large random sequence library based on their high and specific affinity to a target molecule by a process known as SELEX. Cell-SELEX that employs whole living cells overexpressing the defined cell surface proteins (for selectio...
journal_title:Biochimie
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2016.09.018
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00