Abstract:
:In three experiments, we examined the effect of response-outcome relations on human ratings of causal efficacy and demonstrated that such efficacy ratings transfer to novel situations through derived stimulus relations. Causal efficacy ratings were higher, and probability of an outcome given a response was lower, for a differential reinforcement of high rate schedule than for either a differential reinforcement of low rate schedule (Experiment 1) or a variable interval schedule (Experiment 2). In Experiment 3, we employed schedules that were equated for outcome probability and noted that ratings of causal efficacy and the rate of response were higher on a variable ratio than on a variable interval schedule. For participants in all three experiments, causal efficacy ratings transferred to the stimulus present during each schedule and generalized to novel stimuli through derived relations. The results corroborate the view that schedules are a determinant of both response rates and causal efficacy ratings. In addition, the novel demonstration of a mechanism of generalization of these ratings via derived relations has clinical implications.
journal_name
Learn Behavjournal_title
Learning & behaviorauthors
Dack C,McHugh L,Reed Pdoi
10.3758/LB.37.4.336subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-11-01 00:00:00pages
336-48issue
4eissn
1543-4494issn
1543-4508pii
37/4/336journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Consistent with human gambling behavior but contrary to optimal foraging theory, pigeons show a strong preference for an alternative with low probability and high payoff (a gambling-like alternative) over an alternative with a greater net payoff (Zentall & Stagner, Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 278, 1203-1208, 2...
journal_title:Learning & behavior
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3758/s13420-010-0008-0
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3758/s13420-012-0080-8
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.3758/s13420-013-0128-4
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
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pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
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journal_title:Learning & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Learning & behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00