Abstract:
:Plasma cells are common in chronically inflamed sites, including periodontal lesions. The aim of this study was to determine which factors contribute to this local accumulation of plasma cells. Specifically, we sought to evaluate the effects of specific antigen and nonspecific activators from an infectious agent associated with chronic inflammation (Fusobacterium nucleatum, an organism prominent in chronic periodontal lesions) and the effect of the chronic inflammation itself. Chronic inflammation (14 to 17 days) was induced in horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-immune rabbits by subcutaneous injection of 50 microliters of sterile alum in several sites in their backs. Controls included sites injected with saline or more acute sites examined after 3 days of alum inflammation. Sites were challenged with HRP (the antigen), sonicated F. nucleatum (the nonspecific activator), or both together to see whether F. nucleatum has an adjuvant effect. Three days after challenge, HRP-specific antibody-forming cells (AFC) were enumerated after peroxidase histochemistry. In noninflamed sites or sites with acute inflammation, virtually no HRP-specific AFC were evident. In contrast, chronic inflammation alone was sufficient to elicit a specific AFC response (congruent to 10 cells per mm2). Addition of either F. nucleatum or HRP to the chronic lesion about doubled the number of HRP-specific AFC. However, a dramatic 8- to 15-fold (80 to 150/mm2) increase was seen in chronically inflamed sites challenged with antigen and activator together. Interestingly, the activator did not have this adjuvant effect in the acute sites or in normal skin. In short, accumulation of plasma cells in inflamed sites is promoted by chronic inflammation, activators of microbial origin, and specific antigen. This milieu can be expected to develop in some periodontal lesions and could help explain why gingival crevicular fluid from some sites may contain extraordinary levels of locally produced specific antibodies for certain antigens.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Mallison SM 3rd,Smith JP,Schenkein HA,Tew JGdoi
10.1128/IAI.59.11.4019-4025.1991subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-11-01 00:00:00pages
4019-25issue
11eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章abstract::An inactivated oral enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) vaccine against ETEC diarrhea was given to 25 adult Swedish volunteers. The vaccine consisted of formalin-killed E. coli bacteria expressing the most common colonization factor antigens (CFAs), i.e., CFA/I, -II, and -IV, and recombinantly produced cholera B s...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.7.3311-3316.1998
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arg-gingipain (Rgp) and Lys-gingipain (Kgp) are Porphyromonas gingivalis cysteine proteinases implicated as major virulence factors in pathologies of periodontitis. We purified a 660-kDa cell-associated gingipain complex existing as a homodimer of two catalytically active monomers which comprises their catalytic and a...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.2.883-893.2005
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of the endospore-forming, gram-positive bacterium Bacillus anthracis to survive in activated macrophages is key to its germination and survival. In a previous publication, we discovered that exposure of primary murine macrophages to B. anthracis endospores upregulated NOS 2 concomitant with an .NO-dependen...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00283-07
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we investigated the cell wall-anchored fibronectin-binding proteins SpsD and SpsL from the canine commensal and pathogen Staphylococcus pseudintermedius for their role in promoting bacterial invasion of canine progenitor epidermal keratinocytes (CPEK). Invasion was examined by the gentamicin protection ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00542-15
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::T-cell-mediated immunity is an important determinant in protection against primary infection with Coccidioides immitis, a dimorphic fungal pathogen that causes the disease coccidioidomycosis. To determine if interleukin-12 (IL-12) gene therapy could potentiate host response against C. immitis, we constructed a single-...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.6.2996-3001.1999
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recombinant plasmid designated pAW305, containing a 6-kilobase insert of Treponema pallidum DNA, directed the expression of a 38-kilodalton (kDa) treponemal antigen in Escherichia coli. The 38-kDa antigen copurified with the outer membrane fraction of the E. coli cell envelope after treatment with nonionic detergent...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.52.2.586-593.1986
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) is a leading malaria vaccine candidate whose function has not been unequivocally defined. Partial complementation of function can be achieved by exchanging the AMA1 of P. falciparum (PfAMA1) with that of P. chabaudi (PcAMA1). In this study, parasites expressing ch...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.4.2444-2451.2005
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In previous work (Jones, Infect, Immun. 30:78-89, 1980) a major cytoplasmic antigen of Candida albicans was identified. In both humans and experimental animals, this antigen is released from C. albicans during the course of an invasive C. albicans infection and elicits a specific antibody response. In this study, we u...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.34.2.469-477.1981
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The agent of Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi, has a number of outer membrane proteins that are differentially regulated during its life cycle. In addition to their physiological functions in the organism, these proteins also likely serve different functions in invasiveness and immune evasion. In borreliae, as well ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05836-11
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sporothrix schenckii is a human pathogen that causes sporotrichosis, an important cutaneous mycosis with a worldwide distribution. It produces dark-brown conidia, which infect the host. We found that S. schenckii synthesizes melanin via the 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene pentaketide pathway. Melanin biosynthesis in the wild...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.6.3696-3703.2000
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A genomic library of meningococcal DNA from a clinical isolate of Neisseria meningitidis was constructed in the expression vector lambda gt11. Outer membrane complex was prepared from the same strain and used to immunize rabbits to raise polyclonal anti-outer membrane complex serum. The amplified library was probed wi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.11.2734-2740.1987
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Legionnaires' disease is clinically manifested as severe pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila. However, the dendritic cell (DC)-centered immunological framework of the host defense against L. pneumophila has not been fully delineated. For this study, we focused on a potent chemoattractant for lymphocytes, fracta...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.9.5350-5357.2005
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection with the intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii causes serious public health problems and is of great economic importance worldwide. The micronemal protein MIC3, which is a potent adhesin of T. gondii, could be a significant candidate vaccine against toxoplasmosis. In this study, all CBA/J mice i...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.11.6222-6228.2003
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The region of DNA encoding the mannose-fucose-resistant hemagglutinin (MFRHA) of Vibrio cholerae O1 has been localized, and the nucleotide sequence has been determined. The region contains a single open reading frame encoding 230 amino acids, corresponding to a protein of 26.9 kDa. The N terminus of this protein is at...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.7.3032-3037.1993
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunoglobulin M antibody to hepatitis A virus (IgM anti-HAV) is found in most patients with acute type A hepatitis. To determine the duration of this IgM response as well as to confirm that IgM anti-HAV is a specific marker for acute infection, we developed a solid-phase radioimmunoassay for IgM anti-HAV. This new as...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::L929 cell populations persistently infected for more than 600 days exhibited cell cycle distributions and generation times similar to those of uninfected cells. The RNA and protein contents of these long-term-infected cells, as determined by flow cytometry and correlated with the cell cycle, were likewise approximatel...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.7.1731-1733.1987
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The properties of two candidate Salmonella typhi-based live oral typhoid vaccine strains, BRD691 (S. typhi Ty2 harboring mutations in aroA and aroC) and BRD1116 (S. typhi Ty2 harboring mutations in aroA, aroC, and htrA), were compared in a number of in vitro and in vivo assays. BRD1116 exhibited an increased susceptib...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.2.700-707.1999
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Identification of antigenically conserved surface components of Haemophilus ducreyi may facilitate the development of reagents to diagnose and prevent chancroid. A hybridoma derived from a mouse immunized with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae produced a monoclonal antibody (MAb), designated 3B9, that bound to 35 of ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.2.385-391.1992
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is responsible for the majority of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI) and represents the most common bacterial infection in adults. UPEC utilizes a wide range of virulence factors to colonize the host, including the novel repeat-in-toxin (RTX) protein TosA, which is spec...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05713-11
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although nasal vaccination has emerged as an interesting alternative to systemic or oral vaccination, knowledge is scarce about the immune responses after such immunization in humans. In the present study, we have compared the kinetics and organ distribution of the antibody responses after nasal and oral vaccination. ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.7.3390-3396.1998
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.43.1.54-58.1984
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An experimental model of "chronic" diphtheria intoxication in the guinea pig was developed. Adult guinea pigs, subjected to a regimen of multiple sublethal doses of purified diphtheria toxin (total of 1.4 minimum lethal doses divided equally in four daily doses), developed a toxemia which terminated in death between 6...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.7.4.556-560.1973
更新日期:1973-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipoprotein I (OprI) is one of the major proteins of the outer membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. OprI is a candidate for a vaccine against P. aeruginosa, because it cross-reacts antigenically in all serotype strains of the International Antigenic Typing Scheme. We recently cloned and expressed the gene coding for Op...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.58.7.2241-2244.1990
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus iniae causes systemic infection characterized by meningitis and sepsis. Here, we report a larval zebrafish model of S. iniae infection. Injection of wild-type S. iniae into the otic vesicle induced a lethal infection by 24 h postinfection. In contrast, an S. iniae mutant deficient in polysaccharide capsu...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00642-12
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction between bacteria and fibronectin is believed to play an important role in the pathogenicity of clinically important Gram-positive cocci. In the present study, we identified a gene encoding a predicted fibronectin-binding protein of Enterococcus faecium (fnm), a homologue of Streptococcus pneumoniae pav...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00885-15
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell-mediated immunity to varicella-zoster (V-Z) virus in persons immune to varicella has been demonstrated, using a tissue culture technique. Cell-mediated immunity was reflected by the ability of peripheral leukocytes (lymphocytes and monocytes) from human donors to inactivate V-Z virus. Leukocytes were stimulated b...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.13.6.1549-1553.1976
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schistosomiasis affects nearly 40 million women of reproductive age. Many of these women are infected while pregnant and lactating. Several studies have demonstrated transplacental trafficking of schistosome antigens; however, little is known regarding how these antigens affect the developing fetus and placenta. To ev...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01149-12
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the pH of the gingival crevice increases from below neutrality in health to above pH 8 in disease, we decided to investigate the effect of environmental pH on the growth and enzyme activity of Bacteroides gingivalis W50. Cells were grown in a chemostat under hemin-excess conditions over a range of pH values; sta...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.56.5.1096-1100.1988
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vaccination against Brucella infections in animals is usually performed by administration of live attenuated smooth B. abortus strain S19 and B. melitensis strain Rev1. They are proven effective vaccines against B. abortus in cattle and against B. melitensis and B. ovis in sheep and goats, respectively. However, both ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.7.4198-4204.2005
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lipid A portion has been identified as the active center responsible for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage activation. However, we found that Salmonella (Salmonella enterica serovars Abortusequi, Minnesota, and Typhimurium) lipid A is inactive in human macrophages, despite its LPS being highly active. Th...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.11.6043-6047.2002
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00