The polysaccharide portion plays an indispensable role in Salmonella lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of NF-kappaB through human toll-like receptor 4.

abstract：:Peptidoglycans of Leptotrichia buccalis ATCC 14201 and ATCC 19616 were isolated by extraction with sodium dodecyl sulfate and subsequent digestion of the sodium dodecyl sulfate-insoluble residue with proteases and alpha-amylase. Cell wall fractions obtained by sodium dodecyl sulfate extraction and protease digestion w...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Fukuhara H,Umemoto T,Sagawa H,Kato K,Kotani S

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytotoxic effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on mouse leukocytes have been examined in vivo and in vitro. Intraperitoneal injection of LPS into C57BL/6 mice greatly reduced the recovery of mononuclear cells; LPS was cytotoxic for macrophages, but had a mitogenic effect on lymphocytes. Similar effects o...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Peavy DL,Baughn RE,Musher DM

更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Porphyromonas gingivalis has been implicated as an etiologic agent of adult periodontitis. We have previously shown that P. gingivalis can degrade the epithelial cell-cell junction complexes, thus suggesting that this bacterium can invade the underlying connective tissues via a paracellular pathway. However, the preci...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Katz J,Yang QB,Zhang P,Potempa J,Travis J,Michalek SM,Balkovetz DF

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A preparation procedure for scanning electron microscopy was developed by which gononcoccal colonies can be studied directly on the agar surface. After glutaraldehyde fixation directly in petri dishes, small agar pieces were cut out and dehydrated stepwise in increasing concentrations of ethanol. The blocks were there...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Elmros T,Hörstedt P,Winblad B

更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organ cultures of adult hamster trachea were used to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of cell fractions of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Cytoplasm was essentially devoid of activity, whereas viable cells and membrane preparations, at a level of 25 mug of protein per ml, induced necrosis. Damage, as revealed by light and elec...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Gabridge MG,Johnson CK,Cameron AM

更新日期：1974-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some interrelationships among age, ambient temperature, intestinal transit, and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection were studied in an infant mouse model. The transit of dye in the small intestine was accelerated during the response to heat-stable E. coli enterotoxin. Transit in the small intestine of normal mi...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Moon HW,Fung PY,Isaacson RE,Booth GD

更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Comparative studies on the virulence of two strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from otic pus and mink pneumonic lesion, respectively, were made by means of intranasal inoculation in mink. The minimal lethal dose of the former (strain NC-5, highly virulent for mice) was 10(10), and that of the latter (strain No...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Shimizu T,Homma JY,Aoyama T,Onodera T,Noda H

更新日期：1974-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro or animal models have been used to investigate the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection. However, extrapolation to humans of results obtained with these heterologous models remains difficult. We have developed a new model for the study of H. pylori infection that uses human entire embryonic stomachs ...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Lozniewski A,Muhale F,Hatier R,Marais A,Conroy MC,Edert D,le Faou A,Weber M,Duprez A

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of the effect of sex hormones on the susceptibility of mice to the disseminated gonococcal infection demonstrated significantly enhanced susceptibility of mice injected with estrogen (17 beta-estradiol). In mice treated with estradiol, bacteremia progressively developed within 12 h postinoculation and mice die...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Kita E,Takahashi S,Yasui K,Kashiba S

更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genome sequencing of the relapsing fever spirochetes Borrelia hermsii and Borrelia turicatae identified three open reading frames (ORFs) on the chromosomes that contained internal, tandemly repeated amino acid sequences that were absent in the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. The predicted amino acid sequ...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Guyard C,Chester EM,Raffel SJ,Schrumpf ME,Policastro PF,Porcella SF,Leong JM,Schwan TG

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heterogeneic autoantibodies against axonal neurofilament proteins of mature mouse neurons grown in vitro were detected by the indirect immunofluorescence technique in 12.7% (9 of 71) of the sera from nonhuman primates infected with kuru, in 14.5% (17 of 117) and 4% (1 of 25), respectively, of the sera from nonhuman pr...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Aoki T,Gibbs CJ Jr,Sotelo J,Gajdusek DC

更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Haemophilus ducreyi, the causative agent of chancroid, produces a lipooligosaccharide (LOS) which terminates in N-acetyllactosamine. This glycoform can be further extended by the addition of a single sialic acid residue to the terminal galactose moiety. H. ducreyi does not synthesize sialic acid, which must be acquire...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Post DM,Mungur R,Gibson BW,Munson RS Jr

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Helicobacter infections are present in approximately 50% of humans, causing severe illnesses such as gastritis and malignancies. Dendritic cells (DC) are critical antigen-presenting cells which link innate and adaptive immune responses. The mechanism of dendritic cell regulation in Helicobacter-induced gastritis is po...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Drakes ML,Czinn SJ,Blanchard TG

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Yersinia pseudotuberculosis inv mutant strains cured of the virulence plasmid exhibit thermoinducible adhesion to cultured mammalian cells. To identify the genes responsible for this phenotype, Y. pseudotuberculosis homologs of the Y. enterocolitica ail and the Y. pestis psa loci were identified. Mutations in the Y. p...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Yang Y,Merriam JJ,Mueller JP,Isberg RR

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Host control of Coxiella burnetii infections is believed to be mediated primarily by activated monocytes/macrophages. The activation of macrophages by cytokines leads to the production of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) and reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI) that have potent antimicrobial activities. The contri...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Brennan RE,Russell K,Zhang G,Samuel JE

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR2 and TLR4) have been found to transduce signals of peptidoglycan (PGN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), respectively, for NF-kappa B activation. However, little is known about the expression and regulation of the TLR2 gene in monocytes/macrophages in response to the two typical bacterial ...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Liu Y,Wang Y,Yamakuchi M,Isowaki S,Nagata E,Kanmura Y,Kitajima I,Maruyama I

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Haemophilus ducreyi expresses 2 OmpA homologs, designated MOMP and OmpA2, whose genes are arranged in tandem on the chromosome. Northern blot analysis indicated that momp and ompA2 are transcribed independently. Sequences of the momp open reading frame (ORF) lacking the transcriptional start site were amplified by PCR...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Throm RE,Al-Tawfiq JA,Fortney KR,Katz BP,Hood AF,Slaughter CA,Hansen EJ,Spinola SM

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells of the laboratory strain 3153A of Candida albicans can be stimulated to undergo high-frequency phenotypic switching by a low dose of UV. We have compared the adhesive properties of cells exhibiting the basic original smooth (o-smooth) phenotype and three switch phenotypes (star, irregular wrinkle, and revertant ...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Vargas K,Wertz PW,Drake D,Morrow B,Soll DR

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the development of vaccines capable of providing immunity against brucellosis, Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) has been demonstrated to be one of the protective immunogens of Brucella abortus. In an earlier study, we provided strong evidence that intramuscular injection with a plasmid DNA carrying the SOD gene (pc...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Muñoz-Montesino C,Andrews E,Rivers R,González-Smith A,Moraga-Cid G,Folch H,Céspedes S,Oñate AA

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The listeriolysin gene from a weakly hemolytic but virulent strain of Listeria monocytogenes serotype 1/2a was cloned in Escherichia coli K-12. Recombinants were identified on the basis of their cross-reactivities to hyperimmune antisera raised against streptolysin O and listeriolysin. Low levels of hemolytic activity...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Leimeister-Wächter M,Chakraborty T

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ocular exposure of mice to live elementary bodies of Chlamydia trachomatis serovar A results in immunological sensitization of the mice. This reactivity is manifested by the development of early (5 h) and delayed-type (24 h) dermal reactivity and serovar-specific antibody formation against either live or irradiated (1...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Colley DG,Goodman TG,Barsoum IS

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of cysteine proteinases in adherence of Trichomonas vaginalis NYH 286 to HeLa and human vaginal epithelial cells was evaluated. Only pretreatment of trichomonads, but not epithelial cells, with N-alpha-p-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK), an inhibitor of trichomonad cysteine proteinases, greatly dimin...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Arroyo R,Alderete JF

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in cell viability and in factors affecting metabolic integrity were examined after exposure of Escherichia coli LP1092 to human serum. Antibody-dependent classical pathway activity accounted for the rapid killing of strain LP1092 by complement. Removal of serum lysozyme by bentonite absorption or by neutraliza...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Taylor PW,Kroll HP

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Whooping cough results from infection of the respiratory tract with Bordetella pertussis, and the secreted adenylate cyclase toxin (ACT) is essential for the bacterium to establish infection. Despite extensive study of the mechanism of ACT cytotoxicity and its effects over a range of concentrations in vitro, ACT has n...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Eby JC,Gray MC,Warfel JM,Paddock CD,Jones TF,Day SR,Bowden J,Poulter MD,Donato GM,Merkel TJ,Hewlett EL

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The salivary and serum immune responses to orally administered glucosyltransferase antigen complex from Streptococcus mutants strain 6715 were investigated in hamsters. All enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the antibody quantity and isotype, and a [14C]glucosyl-labeled sucrose incorporation assay w...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Smith DJ,Taubman MA,Ebersole JL

更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of vaccines for prevention of diseases caused by pathogenic species can encounter major obstacles if high sequence diversity is observed between individual strains. Therefore, development might be restricted either to conserved antigens, which are often rare, or to multivalent vaccines, which renders t...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Nayak A,Schüler W,Seidel S,Gomez I,Meinke A,Comstedt P,Lundberg U

更新日期：2020-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously reported that a wild strain of Francisella tularensis is much less efficiently killed by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes than is an attenuated strain. In the present study, the killing of the attenuated strain was found to be strictly oxygen dependent. The wild and the attenuated strains both ind...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Löfgren S,Tärnvik A,Thore M,Carlsson J

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptococcus pneumoniae, a Gram-positive bacterial pathogen, causes pneumonia, meningitis, and septicemia. Innate immune responses are critical for the control and pathology of pneumococcal infections. It has been demonstrated that S. pneumoniae induces the production of type I interferons (IFNs) by host cells and th...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Fang R,Hara H,Sakai S,Hernandez-Cuellar E,Mitsuyama M,Kawamura I,Tsuchiya K

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We previously showed the requirement of both T cells and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma)-producing non-T cells for the genetic resistance of BALB/c mice to the development of toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE). In order to define the role of IFN-gamma production and the perforin-mediated cytotoxicity of T cells in this resist...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Wang X,Kang H,Kikuchi T,Suzuki Y

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Liver-stage antigen 1 (LSA-1) is a potential vaccine candidate against preerythrocytic stages of malaria. We report here the immunogenicity of linear synthetic constructs delineated as T(H)-cell determinants from the nonrepeat regions of Plasmodium falciparum LSA-1 in murine models and human subjects from areas where ...

journal_title：Infection and immunity

authors： Joshi SK,Bharadwaj A,Chatterjee S,Chauhan VS

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00