Abstract:
:Although nasal vaccination has emerged as an interesting alternative to systemic or oral vaccination, knowledge is scarce about the immune responses after such immunization in humans. In the present study, we have compared the kinetics and organ distribution of the antibody responses after nasal and oral vaccination. We immunized female volunteers nasally or orally with cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) and determined the specific antibody levels in serum and nasal and vaginal secretions, as well as the number of circulating antibody-secreting cells, before immunization and 1, 2, 3, 6, and 26 weeks thereafter. Nasal vaccination induced 9-fold CTB-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) and 56-fold specific IgG antibody increases in nasal secretions, whereas no significant IgA increase was seen after oral vaccination. Both oral and nasal vaccination resulted in 5- to 6-fold CTB-specific IgA and 20- to 30-fold specific IgG increases in vaginal secretions. Strong serum responses to CTB were also induced by both routes of vaccination. A notable difference between nasal and oral vaccination was that the nasal route elicited a specific antibody response with a later onset but of much longer duration than did the oral route. We conclude from this study that the nasal route is superior to the oral route for administering at least nonliving vaccines against infections in the upper respiratory tract, whereas either oral or nasal vaccination might be used for eliciting antibody responses in the female genital tract.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Rudin A,Johansson EL,Bergquist C,Holmgren Jdoi
10.1128/IAI.66.7.3390-3396.1998subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-07-01 00:00:00pages
3390-6issue
7eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
66pub_type
杂志文章abstract::To determine optimal strategies to induce specific-antibody-secreting cells (specific ASC) in the rectal and vaginal mucosae, we immunized monkeys with a prototype mucosal immunogen, cholera toxin (CT), given locally or via gastric or parenteral administration. Repeated rectal or vaginal CT immunizations induced stron...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.12.5889-5896.1998
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the relationship between the within-host diversity of malaria infections and the susceptibility of the host to subsequent infection, we genotyped 60 children's successive infections from birth through 3 years of life. MSP-1 Block2 genotypes were used to estimate the complexity of infection (COI). Malaria tra...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.69.12.7783-7792.2001
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bovine mastitis continues to be the most detrimental factor for profitable dairying. Recent research conducted within our laboratory has identified a genetic marker in the CXCR2 gene associated with mastitis susceptibility. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the migratory ability of neutrophils from co...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.8.4955-4959.2005
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previously, we reported that mutants of Legionella pneumophila lacking a type II secretion (T2S) system elicit higher levels of cytokines (e.g., interleukin-6 [IL-6]) following infection of U937 cells, a human macrophage-like cell line. We now show that this effect of T2S is also manifest upon infection of human THP-1...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00897-16
更新日期:2017-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::Cholera toxin (CT) and related Escherichia coli enterotoxins LTI and LTIIb have a conserved hydrophobic region at the AB(5) interface postulated to be important for toxin assembly. Hydrophobic residue F223 in the A subunit of CT (CTA) as well as residues 174, L77, and T78 in the B subunit of CT (CTB) were replaced ind...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.7.4093-4101.2003
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most Campylobacter jejuni strains are sensitive and most Campylobacter fetus strains are resistant to the bactericidal activity in normal human serum. We purified lipopolysaccharides from Campylobacter strains to determine whether their composition and structure relate to serum susceptibility. The lipopolysaccharide o...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.47.2.353-359.1985
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Porphyromonas gingivalis is a periodontal pathogen capable of invading primary cultures of normal human gingival epithelial cells (NHGEC). Involvement of P. gingivalis fimbriae in the invasion process was examined. Purified P. gingivalis 33277 fimbriae blocked invasion of this organism into NHGEC in a dose-dependent m...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.1.313-316.1997
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ehrlichia risticii incubated with mouse peritoneal macrophages elicited with thioglycolate broth survived and replicated, thereby allowing examination of the effects of several immunopotentiating agents. Treatment of the macrophages with recombinant murine gamma interferon (rMuIFN-gamma) in vitro at 1 day before or 3 ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.10.3418-3423.1991
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that is able to penetrate human monocytes by either passive uptake during phagocytosis or active penetration. It is expected that immunoglobulin G (IgG) opsonization will target the parasite to macrophage Fc gamma receptors for phagocytic processing and subsequent degradation....
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.11.4290-4294.1995
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subcutaneous infection chambers in rabbits were infected with a strain of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from a patient with toxic shock syndrome. Estrogens (mestranol and 17-beta-estradiol) protected male rabbits and prolonged survival. Neither androgens (testosterone and dihydrotestosterone) nor progesterone affecte...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.52.1.331-333.1986
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucose metabolism and respiration of Candida albicans were compared under conditions which permitted either maximal filamentous or maximal yeast growth. Changes in metabolism were monitored by comparing the quantities of ethanol produced, CO2 evolved, and oxygen consumed. Filamenting cultures produced more ethanol an...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.12.1.119-127.1975
更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serum amyloid A protein (SAA) elevation accompanies induction of secondary amyloidosis in mice given Mycobacterium butyricum in Freund adjuvant. The synthesis of SAA by cultured hepatocytes is induced by a macrophage-derived mediator, which has been identified as interleukin 1. In these studies, SAA synthesis has been...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.39.3.1147-1154.1983
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The toxicity of Chlamydia trachomatis was studied with mouse peritoneal macrophage culture. Inoculation of 30 inclusion-forming units of trachoma B/TW-5/OT organisms and 250 inclusion-forming units of lymphogranuloma venereum L2/434/Bu organisms per cell caused immediated toxicity, with the killing of 40 to 90% of the...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.20.3.613-618.1978
更新日期:1978-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immune response of humans and mice to temperature-specific, plasmid- or chromosome-encoded proteins of yersinia pestis and Yersinia enterocolitica was investigated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting. Extracts from Y. pestis and Y. enterocolitica strains with and witho...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.48.3.676-685.1985
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Athymic nude mice (nu/nu), heterozygous litter mates (nu/+), and thymic reconstituted homozygous animals (nu/nu TxR) were infected with Trypanosoma rhodesiense. A reduced parasitemia and prolonged survival were observed in the nu/nu animals after infection and cure or after immunization with irradiated organisms. Thes...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.20.3.714-720.1978
更新日期:1978-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteins were extracted at pH 2.5 from carefully washed brain homogenates of patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Immunoglobulin G was isolated from the extracts by gel filtration and immunoadsorbent chromatography and was 125I radioiodinated. The labeled immunoglobulin G was reacted with purified measle...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.24.1.202-210.1979
更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an emerging cause of diarrheal illness. Clinical data suggest that diarrhea caused by EAEC is predominantly secretory in nature, but the responsible enterotoxin has not been described. Work from our laboratories has implicated a ca. 108-kDa protein as a heat-labile enteroto...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.7.3155-3163.1998
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cyst cell wall β-glucans of Pneumocystis have been shown to stimulate immune responses in lung epithelial cells, dendritic cells, and alveolar macrophages. Little is known about how the trophic life forms, which do not have a fungal cell wall, interact with these innate immune cells. Here, we report differences in...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00519-16
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoarticular brucellosis is the most common complication in Brucella-infected humans regardless of age, sex, or immune status. The mechanism of bone destruction caused by Brucella species remained partially unknown due to the lack of a suitable animal model. Here, to study this complication, we explored the suitabil...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00901-18
更新日期:2019-05-21 00:00:00
abstract::Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a tick-borne rickettsial organism, causes the disease human monocytic ehrlichiosis. The pathogen also causes disease in several other vertebrates, including dogs and deer. In this study, we assessed two clonally purified E. chaffeensis mutants with insertions within the genes Ech_0379 and Ech_06...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00487-15
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effector mechanisms resulting from alternative complement pathway (ACP) activation cannot act efficiently against Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O3, as indicated by poor C3 to C9 consumption and by survival in EGTA (ethyleneglycoldiaminetetraacetic acid) Mg-serum. These results were not influenced by the lack or pre...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.7.1984-1989.1989
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP), a bacterial second messenger, is known to regulate bacterial biofilm and sessility. Replication of an obligatory intracellular pathogen, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, is characterized by formation of bacterial aggregates called morulae inside membrane-bound inclusions. When E. chaffeensis matur...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05320-11
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we report on a novel approach based on modification of the intestinal surface to prevent diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). The removable intestinal tie adult rabbit diarrhea (RITARD) model was used to test the efficacy of an enteric-coated protease preparation (Detach; Enzacor ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.10.3708-3714.1991
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::AMA-1 of Plasmodium falciparum is a promising candidate antigen in malaria vaccine development. In this study, we have mapped the immunodominant T-cell determinants in this antigen by using synthetic peptides. From the amphipathic scores, 17 putative T-cell determinants were identified. Nine of the 17 peptides complem...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.64.3.1054-1059.1996
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The invasion of red blood cells (RBCs) by Plasmodium falciparum is dependent on multiple molecular interactions between erythrocyte receptors and parasite ligands. Invasion studies using culture-adapted parasite strains have indicated significant receptor heterogeneity. It is not known whether this heterogeneity refle...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.10.5886-5891.2004
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibody to Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin was detected in human sera by using a cytotoxicity-neutralization assay. Serum antitoxin was present in high titer in all 14 patients who recovered from serious pseudomonas infections (log2 of 50% neutralization titer, mean +/- standard deviation = 6.0 +/- 1.2). In contrast,...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.14.4.942-947.1976
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cimetidine is a powerful H2 receptor antagonist that eliminates histamine's effects on chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and superoxide anion production by phagocytes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical and histopathological changes associated with experimental periodontitis in rabbits in response to topica...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.74.4.2402-2414.2006
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mucosal and systemic immune responses after primary and booster immunizations with two attenuated live oral vaccine strains derived from a noninvasive (Vibrio cholerae) and an invasive (Salmonella typhi) enteric pathogen were comparatively evaluated. Vaccination with S. typhi Ty21a elicited antibody-secreting cell...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.7.3680-3685.1999
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Defensins are antibiotic peptides expressed in human and animal myeloid and epithelial cells. Due to the limited availability of natural peptides, the properties of human epithelial defensins have not been studied. We assayed the microbicidal activity of recombinant human intestinal defensin 5 (rHD-5) in the presence ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.6.2396-2401.1997
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It was previously demonstrated that avirulent Mycoplasma gallisepticum strain R(high) (passage 164) is lacking three proteins that are expressed in its virulent progenitor, strain R(low) (passage 15). These proteins were identified as the cytadhesin molecule GapA, the putative cytadhesin-related molecule CrmA, and a c...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.12.6839-6845.2002
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00