Protective role of Bacillus anthracis exosporium in macrophage-mediated killing by nitric oxide.

Abstract:

:The ability of the endospore-forming, gram-positive bacterium Bacillus anthracis to survive in activated macrophages is key to its germination and survival. In a previous publication, we discovered that exposure of primary murine macrophages to B. anthracis endospores upregulated NOS 2 concomitant with an .NO-dependent bactericidal response. Since NOS 2 also generates O(2).(-), experiments were designed to determine whether NOS 2 formed peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) from the reaction of .NO with O(2).(-) and if so, was ONOO(-) microbicidal toward B. anthracis. Our findings suggest that ONOO(-) was formed upon macrophage infection by B. anthracis endospores; however, ONOO(-) does not appear to exhibit microbicidal activity toward this bacterium. In contrast, the exosporium of B. anthracis, which exhibits arginase activity, protected B. anthracis from macrophage-mediated killing by decreasing .NO levels in the macrophage. Thus, the ability of B. anthracis to subvert .NO production has important implications in the control of B. anthracis-induced infection.

journal_name

Infect Immun

journal_title

Infection and immunity

authors

Weaver J,Kang TJ,Raines KW,Cao GL,Hibbs S,Tsai P,Baillie L,Rosen GM,Cross AS

doi

10.1128/IAI.00283-07

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2007-08-01 00:00:00

pages

3894-901

issue

8

eissn

0019-9567

issn

1098-5522

pii

IAI.00283-07

journal_volume

75

pub_type

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