Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To describe the clinical features, pathogenesis and therapeutic options for the dyslipidaemia commonly seen in HIV-infected patients on combination antiretroviral therapy. RECENT FINDINGS:Dyslipidaemia associated with antiretroviral therapy is characterized by elevations in total and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides, and decreased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol - a profile with atherogenic potential. Although a multifactorial cause underlies antiretroviral therapy-associated dyslipidaemia, exposure to all three principal classes of antiretroviral medications - protease inhibitors in particular - has been implicated in its development. Protease inhibitors have been shown to affect several molecular pathways important for lipid metabolism, including intranuclear transcription factors and the nuclear proteasome. Although treatment options are limited, with many conventional therapeutic strategies less effective in the presence of ongoing antiretroviral therapy exposure, the increased incidence of cardiovascular disease observed in some HIV-infected cohorts underlies the need for effective management strategies for antiretroviral therapy-associated dyslipidaemia. SUMMARY:Although use of protease inhibitors is implicated in antiretroviral therapy-associated dyslipidaemia, the extent to which individual protease inhibitors cause dyslipidaemia varies considerably within this drug class. More research is needed to design better tolerated antiretrovirals and improved therapeutic interventions for this common condition.
journal_name
Curr Opin HIV AIDSjournal_title
Current opinion in HIV and AIDSauthors
Mallon PWdoi
10.1097/COH.0b013e3281e72ca0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-07-01 00:00:00pages
282-92issue
4eissn
1746-630Xissn
1746-6318pii
01222929-200707000-00007journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The review addresses the role of dolutegravir (DTG) in first-line therapy. In the era of test and treat, where United Nations AIDS Program and WHO have set the ambitious targets of 90/90/90, new efficacious, well tolerated, and simple therapeutic options are needed. RECENT FINDINGS:DTG has been teste...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000388
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B infection is rarely curative, thus research in HBV cure strategies is a priority. Drug development and testing has been hampered by the lack of robust cell culture systems and small animal models. This review summarizes existing models for HBV cure research an...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000616
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Knowledge of HIV status is the gateway to HIV treatment and prevention, and optimizing this pillar is essential to bend the curve of the HIV epidemic toward zero new infections. This review will discuss the epidemiology of serostatus awareness, including disparities among key populations, and explore ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000590
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:People with HIV continue to live with the health consequences of an episodic illness that limits their ability to fully participate in society, particularly for the growing number of older people living with HIV. The present review describes the recent evidence exploring the psychosocial challenges fa...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000071
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Interest has re-emerged in approaches to eradicate HIV infection. A series of modifications of nucleosomal histones within chromatin are a key mechanism of HIV gene regulation that alters the recruitment of transcription factors to viral DNA. The balance of these histone modifications in the vicinity ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328341242d
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Research directed toward an HIV cure presents ethical as well as scientific challenges. RECENT FINDINGS:International guidelines, regulations, and the medical literature provide helpful guidance on protecting research participants. SUMMARY:This review presents points to consider for researchers, spo...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32835ea1c5
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Measuring the burden of HIV among key populations is subject to many challenges. Sufficient quantities of valid HIV prevalence and programme coverage data are required to effectively respond to the epidemic. RECENT FINDINGS:Ability to validate exposure to unprotected sex through the innovative use of...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000046
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this review was to compare and contrast the application of molecular epidemiology approaches for the improved management and understanding of the HIV versus SARS-CoV-2 epidemics. RECENT FINDINGS:Molecular biology approaches, including PCR and whole genome sequencing (WGS), have become powe...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000660
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Botswana, a small country in southern Africa, has had a very high prevalence of HIV since about 1995. It seems important to analyze the response of this country to help us understand how it became one of the first nations to achieve the 90-90-90 targets. RECENT FINDINGS:Botswana began a national prog...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000580
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Increasing evidence suggests that purging the latent HIV reservoir in virally suppressed individuals will require both the induction of viral replication from its latent state and the elimination of these reactivated HIV-infected cells ('Shock and Kill' strategy). Boosting potent HIV-specific CD8 T ce...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000286
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review the status of HIV vaccine development RECENT FINDINGS:Since the discovery of HIV-1 in the early 1980s considerable effort has been exerted to develop a prophylactic vaccine, with relatively meagre results. The absence of natural immunity has proven to be a major stumbling block in identifyi...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32834ddc96
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Rare patients naturally control HIV replication without antiretroviral therapy. Understanding the mechanisms implicated in natural HIV control will inform the development of immunotherapies against HIV. Elite controllers are known for developing efficient antiviral T-cell responses, but recent finding...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000554
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:With the large international mobilization against HIV/AIDS, more HIV-infected people in resource-limited settings have access to antiretroviral therapy, including pregnant women. The relevance of simplified prophylactic antiretroviral regimens for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3282f51b89
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review was to summarize recent studies on the effect of early antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected patients on markers of immune activation/inflammation, viral persistence and serious non-AIDS events. RECENT FINDINGS:Early ART, initiated within days to months of HIV infect...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000118
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory virus coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has a male bias in mortality likely driven by both gender and sex-based differences between male and female individuals. This is consistent with sex and gender-based features of HIV infection and overlap betwee...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000661
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize recent trends in knowledge of HIV status, care and viral suppression, and the status of implementation of relevant contextual requirements for the United States to achieve the 90-90-90 goals. Recently, the US government announced a plan to decrease HIV incidence by over 90% by 2030. Reach...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000578
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Adolescents with HIV include both those infected perinatally and behaviourally. This population is confronted by normative challenges and HIV stressors as they move towards becoming increasingly independent adults. This review focuses on mental health and substance use in adolescents with HIV. These a...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000451
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in HIV has changed significantly over the past decade. This review will outline the current epidemiology of HCV in HIV infection, focusing on the recent changes and factors which have been related to the increase in HCV transmission in HIV-infected men who h...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32834b4974
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Alcohol and noninjection drug use has been shown to be associated with increased risk of HIV infection in select populations. In this review, we discuss recent data on the prevalence of alcohol and noninjection drug use and the relationship to HIV acquisition and transmission risk. RECENT FINDINGS:A ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32832aa902
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Osteoporosis remains an important focus of contemporary research in HIV, with co-morbidities and mortality from non-AIDS illnesses now a major barrier to normal lifespan in many populations living with HIV. This review outlines the major recent advances in our understanding of osteoporosis and fractur...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000080
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:RNA interference is a type of nucleic-acid-based immunity used by cells to restrict transposons, transgenes and viruses. The RNA interference machinery targets long double-stranded RNAs to produce short RNAs that arm cellular ribonucleases to degrade foreign RNAs in a sequence-specific manner. Despite...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.COH.0000221593.49412.56
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Small molecule inhibitors targeting the CCR5 coreceptor represent a new class of drugs for treating HIV-1 infection. Maraviroc has received regulatory approvals, and vicriviroc is in phase 3 trials. Understanding how resistance to these drugs develops and is diagnosed is essential to guide clinical pr...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e3283223d46
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The humoral immune response to HIV-1 throughout infection is comprised of complex mixtures of antibody isotypes with numerous HIV-1 specificities. However, unlike antibody responses to most infections, protective antibody responses are delayed and do not arise until long after HIV-1 latency is establi...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e32832f00c0
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This article discusses the interaction between HIV infection, the gut microbiome, inflammation and immune activation, and HIV reservoirs, along with interventions to target the microbiome and their implications for HIV remission and cure. RECENT FINDINGS:Most studies show that HIV-infected adults hav...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000434
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Outcomes among young people living with HIV (YPLWH) remain disturbingly poor. We summarize recent research on youth-friendly services (YFS) and adolescent-specific differentiated care models, which may improve outcomes across the HIV care continuum for this vulnerable population. We further emphasize ...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000454
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) led to substantial reductions in HIV-associated morbidity and mortality. However, the regimens in the early cART era were cumbersome and toxic. The introduction of new ART agents, fixed-dose combinations and novel strategies for cART delive...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328329fc8d
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Dendritic cells and their subsets are among the very first immune cells to tackle incoming pathogens and initiate innate and adaptive immune responses. During the past year, some studies investigating the early events occurring at mucosal sites, upon HIV infection, reinforced our view that the virus h...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328349b0a0
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Long-acting injectable antiretroviral (ARV) formulations are being developed for the treatment and prevention of HIV infection. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent preclinical and clinical data on TMC278 (rilpivirine), a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), that is bein...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000160
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Although designed to target only the HIV protease, HIV protease inhibitors induce toxicities in patients such as insulin resistance and lipodystrophy that suggest that protease inhibitors have other targets in mammalian cells. Akt controls insulin signaling and is an important target in cancer, but no...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/COH.0b013e328313915d
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We reviewed the global state of harm reduction for people who use and/or inject drugs. KEY FINDINGS:Although harm reduction is now the key response to HIV among people who use drugs globally, intervention coverage remains suboptimal, exacerbated by chronic under-funding, declining donor support and l...
journal_title:Current opinion in HIV and AIDS
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/COH.0000000000000566
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00