Rheology: how to characterize and to predict the evolution of W/O/W multiple emulsions.

abstract：:This paper examines the various methods that are available to the scientist working with natural materials to substantiate their efficacy. The methods discussed are: literature surveys, clinical trials, instrumental measurement, products with Pharmaceutical Licenses, comparison with other plants containing same active...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Dweck AC

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Liposomes are commonly used in cosmetic formulations to increase the bioavailability of active ingredients. We have previously shown that polysaccharide coating of liposomes improves their resistance to surfactants and electrolytes. In the current study, we have assessed the impact of coating on the skin pen...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Belhaj N,Arab-Tehrany E,Loing E,Bézivin C

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stratum corneum (SC) bilayer lipids, specifically fatty acids, ceramides and cholesterol, contribute to the permeability barrier function of the skin. Normal skin cleansing is associated with damage to the SC lipids because cleanser surfactants, in addition to providing the desired effect of solubilizing and facilitat...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Ananthapadmanabhan KP,Mukherjee S,Chandar P

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective of this work was to investigate the utility of a new in vitro SPF test method in blinded ring-testing, against new ISO acceptance criteria. METHODS:Twenty four blinded, commercial, emulsion-type, primary sunscreen products, covering the full range of labelled SPF in Europe (SPF6 - 50+), were te...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Pissavini M,Tricaud C,Wiener G,Lauer A,Contier M,Kolbe L,Trullás Cabanas C,Boyer F,Nollent V,Meredith E,Dietrich E,Matts PJ

更新日期：2018-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Dandruff is characterized by a flaky, pruritic scalp and affects up to half the world's population post-puberty. The aetiology of dandruff is multifactorial, influenced by Malassezia, sebum production and individual susceptibility. The commensal yeast Malassezia is a strong contributory factor to dandruff formation, b...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Turner GA,Hoptroff M,Harding CR

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oleuropein, a phenolic compound derived from olive leaves and oil, is known to possess several biological properties, many of which may be attributed to its antioxidant and free radical-scavenging activities. Nevertheless, up to now, the cosmetic activity of this molecule has not been extensively investigated. The aim...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Perugini P,Vettor M,Rona C,Troisi L,Villanova L,Genta I,Conti B,Pavanetto F

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The photostabilities of four sunscreen products have been assessed in vitro by applying sunscreen to a substrate and measuring the spectral transmission prior to, and after exposure to a source of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Results were independent of whether an application thickness of 1 or 2 mg/cm ; 2 was used, and...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Stokes R,Diffey B

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synopsis The viscosity of cosmetic emulsions is of great practical importance and related to their skin feel. To achieve a desirable and constant viscosity is not an easy task because numerous factors must be considered. Based on theoretical considerations a new surfactant, steareth-5-stearate, has been developed. It ...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Dahms G

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate wrinkle improvement and safety of a novel cosmetic dissolving microneedle patches loaded with two active compounds with different hydrophilicities, namely ascorbic acid and retinyl retinoate. METHODS:Clinical studies were performed on 24 Korean women for 12 weeks. Patients in group A were treated...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Kim M,Yang H,Kim H,Jung H,Jung H

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synopsis In this study a compact, hand-held, solid state erythema meter using light emitting diodes is described. This device has been constructed and used to compare with visual assessments of ultraviolet radiation in human subjects. A statistically significant correlation was obtained between erythema index and visu...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Pearse AD,Edwards C,Hill S,Marks R

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of 1,18-octadecen-9-dioic acid (dioic acid) and a Rumex occidentalis extract complex for their skin-lightening action in an Indian population. Prior to the clinical study, the efficacy of dioic as an inhibitor of melanogenesis was confirmed on dark-pigmented human me...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Merinville E,Byrne AJ,Visdal-Johnsen L,Bouvry G,Gillbro JM,Rawlings AV,Laloeuf A

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Cutaneous disorders can impact on the psycho-social well-being of children and adults alike, which has been reviewed elsewhere (Body Image 27, 2018 and 98). The present review sets out to evaluate progressions in skin masking and camouflaging techniques together with evaluating the efficacy of these. There do...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Derbyshire E

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synopsis The dichlorophenyl-imidazoldioxolan elubiol is used for skin and hair care in subjects with oily skin or dandruff. A study was conducted in 14 men to evaluate by non-invasive methods the effect of long-term use of elubiol on the sebum output at the skin surface. Measures were made using the Sebumeter SM810 an...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Pierard GE,Cauwenbergh G

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synopsis A brief review of new techniques of assessing skin irritancy is presented. Some of the difficulties of assessing minor degrees of irritancy are discussed. ...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Vickers CF

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Axillary wetness represents an unwanted effect of the physiologically vital sweating mechanism, especially when it becomes excessive. Cosmetic products reducing sweat secretion rely on aluminium salts as the active ingredient acting by physically blocking the sweat gland. Driven by the interest to better unde...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Welzel J,Grüdl S,Welss T,Claas M,Sättler A,Förster T,Banowski B

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cutaneous irritation is a stereotyped response of the skin to any physical or chemical insult. Its main manifestations encompass inflammatory erythema and an alteration of the cutaneous microrelief showing increased roughness, dehydration and erratic desquamation. Several instrumental methods can indirectly assess the...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Uhoda E,Piérard GE

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Exposure to UV in humans resulting in sunburn triggers a complex series of events that are a mix of immediate and delayed damage mediation and healing. While studies on the effects of UV exposure on DNA damage and repair have been reported, changes in the oxidative modification of skin proteins are poorly und...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Dyer JM,Haines SR,Thomas A,Wang W,Walls RJ,Clerens S,Harland DP

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of the study was to compare measurements of skin hydration and of biomechanical properties performed on different zones of face and volar forearm. Two short-term (1 h) and two long-term (3 weeks) studies were conducted with a moisturizing and a firming product, respectively, on groups of female volunteer...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Bazin R,Fanchon C

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synopsis The synthesis of 5-alkoxy and 5-aryloxymethylene-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-6-ones by reaction of (+)-5-hydroxymethylene-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-6-one with a number of saturated or unsaturated alcohols and phenols in order to check how substituents affected the fragrance, is des...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Mariani E,Schenone P,Bargagna A,Longobardi M

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：SYNOPSIS:Despite the extensive use of topical coatings in cosmetics, their effect on the mechanical properties of human skin and the perception of skin tightness in the form of drying stresses is not well understood. We describe the application of a recently developed substrate curvature technique to characterize stres...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Levi K,Dauskardt RH

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This work describes the development, validation and application of a simple and fast high-performance liquid chromatography-with diode array dectection (HPLC-DAD) method for the determination of eight sunscreen agents: benzophenone-3, octocrylene, ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate, ethylhexyl salicylate, homosalate (used in...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Peruchi LM,Rath S

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lysyl oxidase-like (LOXL) is an extracellular enzyme that catalyses the cross-linking between microfibrils and tropoelastin (TE), thereby ensuring elastic fibre functionality. With ageing, LOXL expression decreases, thus participating in the loss of skin elasticity. In a previous study, we showed that a dill seed extr...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Sohm B,Cenizo V,André V,Zahouani H,Pailler-Mattei C,Vogelgesang B

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Skin moisturization is not only important for maintaining skin functional properties but also has great impact on the skin's aesthetic properties. The top layer of the skin, the stratum corneum (SC), plays a key role in protecting and preventing against external aggressions as well as in regulating water flux in and o...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Wu J,Polefka TG

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synopsis The absorption of ultraviolet light by a film of sunscreen product on the surface of the skin is considered from a theoretical standpoint. It is apparent that Beer-Lambert's Law would predict protection factors in excess of the actual factors by many orders of magnitude. The possible reasons for this are disc...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Stockdale M

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Various models of reconstructed epidermis already provide useful tools for safety and efficacy assessment of cosmetic products. However, the majority of these in vitro models are composed of keratinocytes only. Recently, the introduction of melanocytes into epidermal reconstructs has considerably enlarged their field ...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Regnier M,Duval C,Schmidt R

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Summary The powder made with leaflets of a senna, Cassia obovata Coll., is a cosmetic mis-called 'neutral henna' The traditional use of C. obovata is as a laxative. The principal active components of this laxative drug are sennosides A and B. In the Middle Ages the blend of henna (Lawsonia inermis) and senna was calle...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Forestier JP

更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Quantification of stratum corneum (SC) protein levels from tape strippings is frequently used to investigate skin conditions, to correct for amounts of SC protein removed in SC biomarker studies and to determine distribution of topically applied ingredients. In recent years, a rapid and convenient method for...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Raj N,Voegeli R,Rawlings AV,Gibbons S,Munday MR,Summers B,Lane ME

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Body odours are generated from dead skin cells and secreted materials, such as sweat and sebum, through the metabolism of microorganisms living on the skin. Volatile steroids, key compounds in body odours, are also generated through the metabolism of microorganisms. These volatile steroids strengthen the intensity of ...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Mikoshiba S,Takenaka H,Okumura T,Someya K,Ohdera M

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The process leading to the loss of corneocytes form the skin surface is termed desquamation. In healthy skin it is an orderly and essentially invisible process whereby individual or small groups of corneocytes detach from neighbouring cells to be lost to the environment and replaced by younger cells from the deeper la...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Harding CR,Watkinson A,Rawlings AV,Scott IR

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Xerosis is an abnormally dry and flaky skin condition that is associated with a change in the packing behaviour of the lipid matrix in the stratum corneum (SC), the outermost layer of the skin. This skin condition can lead to an increase in transepidermal water loss (TEWL). As ultralong-chain fatty acids hav...

journal_title：International journal of cosmetic science

authors： Pérez B,Hansen BS,Bulsara PA,Rawlings AV,Clarke MJ,Guo Z

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00