Aspirin and acetaminophen: should they be available over the counter?

Abstract:

:Traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs block cyclooxygenase (COX). They are the most widely used drugs for pain relief. They are indispensable for their effects but are condemned for their adverse drug reactions. Two COX inhibitors, acetaminophen and aspirin, are the most widely used over-the-counter drugs. They have low (but useful) therapeutic activity, but they are endowed with specific risks that are not seen with most other COX inhibitors. Both are lethal if taken in overdose. Each is stigmatized by severe adverse effects. Aspirin results in prolonged inhibition of blood coagulation, and acetaminophen can result in liver toxicity at normal dose and liver failure at higher dose. Both drugs cause many deaths every year. We recommend that the status of both drugs be changed to prescription only. Their continued availability over the counter poses an unacceptable risk to the general population.

journal_name

Curr Rheumatol Rep

authors

Brune K,Hinz B,Otterness I

doi

10.1007/s11926-009-0006-4

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2009-02-01 00:00:00

pages

36-40

issue

1

eissn

1523-3774

issn

1534-6307

journal_volume

11

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Consensus procedures and their role in pediatric rheumatology.

    abstract::The Delphi Technique and Nominal Group Technique are two well-recognized consensus-formation methodologies specifically designed to combine judgments from a group of experts. The Delphi Technique utilizes a series of well-defined questionnaire-based surveys, whereas Nominal Group Technique is a structured face-to-face...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-008-0025-6

    authors: Ruperto N,Meiorin S,Iusan SM,Ravelli A,Pistorio A,Martini A

    更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00

  • The scleroderma kidney: progress in risk factors, therapy, and prevention.

    abstract::Scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) is characterized by malignant hypertension, oliguric/anuric acute renal failure, and important mortality, with a 5-year survival rate of 65%. SRC occurs in 2% to 5% of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), particularly those with diffuse cutaneous SSc in the first years of disease evol...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-010-0145-7

    authors: Bussone G,Bérezné A,Pestre V,Guillevin L,Mouthon L

    更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00

  • Lung Transplantation in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this study was to highlight recent findings on evaluation for lung transplantation and outcomes after transplantation in patients with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). RECENT FINDINGS:The recognition that extra-pulmonary disease manifestations can seriously compromise post-transplant ...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-017-0650-z

    authors: Shah RJ,Boin F

    更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00

  • Systemic manifestations in localized scleroderma.

    abstract::In this paper, the various systemic manifestations reported in localized scleroderma, their incidence, their relationship with systemic sclerosis, and their relationship with other autoimmune or connective tissue diseases will be analyzed. ...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-004-0020-5

    authors: Zulian F

    更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00

  • Imaging in spondyloarthropathies.

    abstract::Seronegative spondyloarthropathies comprise a group of inflammatory arthritides, which consists of ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis (Reiter's syndrome), enteropathic arthritis, and undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy. All of them share common laboratory, clinical, and imaging findings, ...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-004-0054-8

    authors: Grigoryan M,Roemer FW,Mohr A,Genant HK

    更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00

  • Use of biomarkers in the management of children with lupus.

    abstract::Childhood systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is known to have a worse prognosis than adult-onset disease, and monitoring and treatment of the disease are still a challenge. Thus, there is an urgent need for highly reliable, non-invasive biomarkers for early detection of relapses, to avoid long-term complications and t...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-012-0312-0

    authors: Binder E,Edelbauer M

    更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00

  • Critical appraisal of classification criteria for vasculitides.

    abstract::The vasculitides are a group of protean diseases, some of which are caused by conditions including infections, other autoimmune diseases, or neoplasias. They are a challenge to the clinician, in terms of both diagnosis and therapy. No diagnostic criteria exist, although a multinational effort to develop them is in pro...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-014-0422-y

    authors: Flores-Suárez LF,Contreras-Rodríguez Fde J

    更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00

  • New insights into the biology and pathobiology of beta2-glycoprotein I.

    abstract::β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI) is the major autoantigen in the antiphospholipid syndrome. The central importance of understanding β2GPI physiology from the perspective of the rheumatologist is that it forms the foundation for understanding the pathophysiology underlying autoantibody generation, and the diverse mechanisms b...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-010-0151-9

    authors: Giannakopoulos B,Mirarabshahi P,Krilis SA

    更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00

  • Evidence for metabolic abnormalities in the muscles of patients with fibromyalgia.

    abstract::Widespread muscle pain, fatigue, and weakness are defining characteristics of patients with fibromyalgia (FM). The aim of this review is to summarize recent investigations of muscle abnormalities in FM, which can be classified as structural, metabolic, or functional in nature. Histologic muscle abnormalities of membra...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-000-0053-3

    authors: Park JH,Niermann KJ,Olsen N

    更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00

  • Advances in musculoskeletal imaging and their clinical utility in the early diagnosis of spondyloarthritis.

    abstract::Interest in imaging ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and related spondyloarthropathies has increased in recent years. MRI is regarded as the most sensitive imaging modality to detect early inflammatory lesions in the sacroiliac joints and in the spine. Standard radiography plays a major role in evaluating potential disease...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-007-0057-3

    authors: Weber U,Kissling RO,Hodler J

    更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00

  • Perioperative infection in the patient with rheumatic disease.

    abstract::The risk of infection accompanies the benefits of surgery. Immunomodulatory chronic illnesses may increase the risk of surgical infections. Surgical patients with rheumatologic illness need close preoperative assessment regarding their infection risks (fixed and modifiable), which vary on the basis of the proposed pro...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-013-0379-2

    authors: Miller AO,Brause BD

    更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00

  • Polymyalgia Rheumatica: a Common Disease in Seniors.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW:Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is one of the most common inflammatory rheumatologic condition occurring in older adults. It is characterized by proximal pain and stiffness in the shoulders, neck, and/or pelvic girdle in individuals over 50 years of age along with evidence of an intense systemic infl...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-020-00919-2

    authors: Gazitt T,Zisman D,Gardner G

    更新日期:2020-06-19 00:00:00

  • Novel therapeutic strategies in scleroderma.

    abstract::Optimal management for scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) is likely to require treatment of the underlying disease process, which remains incompletely understood, and also of the organ-based complications of this heterogeneous condition. Clinical trials evaluating several potential agents have been completed recently, i...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-999-0020-6

    authors: Denton CP,Black CM

    更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00

  • Genetics of ANCA-associated Vasculitides.

    abstract::The distribution of the anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) is not uniform across geographical regions and ethnic and racial groups, suggesting that genetic and environmental factors affect the pathogenesis of these diseases. In addition, genetic factors affect not only the clin...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-014-0428-5

    authors: Ugarte-Gil MF,Espinoza LR

    更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00

  • Economic Theory and Self-Reported Measures of Presenteeism in Musculoskeletal Disease.

    abstract::This study had two objectives: to describe the historical development of self-reported presenteeism instruments that can be used to identify and measure presenteeism as a result of musculoskeletal disease (MSD) and to identify if, and how many of these, presenteeism instruments are underpinned by economic theory. Syst...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-016-0600-1

    authors: Jones C,Payne K,Gannon B,Verstappen S

    更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00

  • Gout, hyperuricemia, and the risk of cardiovascular disease: cause and effect?

    abstract::Gout and hyperuricemia have long been suspected to be risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, studies have frequently failed to distinguish whether these entities have an independent effect on cardiovascular risk or serve as markers for other risk factors. In vitro and animal studies suggest that uric acid i...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-010-0084-3

    authors: Shah A,Keenan RT

    更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00

  • Renal urate handling: clinical relevance of recent advances.

    abstract::Urate is the major inert end product of purine degradation in higher primates in contrast to most other mammals because of the genetic silencing of hepatic oxidative enzyme uricase. The kidney plays a dominant role in urate elimination. The kidney excretes 70% of the daily urate production. Therefore, it is important ...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-996-0044-0

    authors: Anzai N,Enomoto A,Endou H

    更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00

  • Pachydermodactyly: a review.

    abstract::Synovitis is the characteristic feature of inflammatory joint disease. If synovitis is localized to interphalangeal joints, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis are among the most common differential diagnoses. The absence of pain, tenderness, and limitation of function despite ...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-014-0442-7

    authors: Dallos T,Oppl B,Kovács L,Zwerina J

    更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00

  • Radiography of rheumatoid arthritis in the time of increasing drug effectiveness.

    abstract::Recent clinical development programs for new therapeutic agents in rheumatoid arthritis have included assessment of radiographic progression comparing changes with treatment to placebo and active controls. Studies now use reliable methods of assessment and sufficient study length to detect radiographic changes. Althou...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-001-0050-1

    authors: Wolfe F,Strand V

    更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00

  • Arthritis in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Arthritis is a well-recognized symptom of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). We provide a summary of available data regarding the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and autoantibody associations of joint involvement in various forms of IIM. RECENT FINDINGS:Arthritis is reported in 18-55% ...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-019-0878-x

    authors: Klein M,Mann H,Vencovský J

    更新日期:2019-12-07 00:00:00

  • Bone health and systemic lupus erythematosus.

    abstract::Osteoporosis is a potentially preventable condition frequently encountered in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Bone loss in SLE is likely a multi- factorial process involving traditional osteoporosis risk factors along with lupus-related factors. Recognizing potential contributors to bone loss in pati...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-005-0056-1

    authors: Lee C,Ramsey-Goldman R

    更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00

  • Disentangling the emerging evidence around atypical fractures.

    abstract::Atypical femur fractures are rare but a growing concern, as they are more common in patients who use bisphosphonates. The best radiology-based studies have had access to only short-term exposure data, while the studies using prescription databases with substantial long-term data did not have access to radiology report...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-012-0241-y

    authors: Abrahamsen B,Clark EM

    更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00

  • Pitfalls and opportunities in measuring patient outcomes in lupus.

    abstract::Health outcomes and their measures used as end points in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patient care and clinical trials have been varied and are still evolving. Although significant reductions in morbidity and mortality in SLE have been achieved, the medications approved for SLE have remained the same during the ...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-010-0105-2

    authors: Jolly M

    更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00

  • Heat shock proteins in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: keys for understanding remitting arthritis and candidate antigens for immune therapy.

    abstract::Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is in a majority of the cases of self-limiting, and sometimes even a self-remitting, disease. A growing amount of data suggests that active T cell regulation determines, at least partly, the clinical outcome of JIA. In experimental models of arthritis, a group of highly conserved mi...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-002-0052-7

    authors: Prakken B,Kuis W,van Eden W,Albani S

    更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00

  • Acupuncture in the treatment of rheumatic diseases.

    abstract::Acupuncture has been used for millennia in traditional Chinese medicine as a technique believed to restore the balance of energy in the body caused by disease through the use of needles inserted into specific points or energy channels. This energy is called the de qi. The use of acupuncture for the treatment of pain i...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-012-0295-x

    authors: Amezaga Urruela M,Suarez-Almazor ME

    更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00

  • The Bench-to-Bedside Story of IL-17 and the Therapeutic Efficacy of its Targeting in Spondyloarthritis.

    abstract::TNF-blocking biologics have revolutionized the care of patients with spondyloarthritis, a group of clinically overlapping conditions that includes ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis. However, incomplete response rates speak to the need for alternative therapeutic approaches. Over the last decade, animal mo...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-016-0585-9

    authors: Smith JA

    更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00

  • Chikungunya Virus-Associated Disease.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection has become increasingly prevalent in the last decade not only across the southern hemisphere but also, because of a recently documented viral mutation, in southern Europe and the USA. With the global spread of CHIKV infection, practitioners should know its epidemiol...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-017-0694-0

    authors: Hua C,Combe B

    更新日期:2017-10-05 00:00:00

  • Exercise: an important component of treatment in the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.

    abstract::Resistive exercise is controversial for patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. This paper provides an update on exercise and clinical assessment in these patients. The few published studies on this topic report unchanged disease activity from a variety of exercise regimens in patients in all stages of disea...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-005-0063-2

    authors: Alexanderson H

    更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00

  • Autoantibody-associated congenital heart block: the clinical perspective.

    abstract::Congenital heart block (CHB) can occur in association with structural heart disease, such as atrioventricular septal defects, left atrial isomerism, and abnormalities of the great arteries, with tumors, such as mesotheliomas, or as an isolated defect. In 1928, Aylward reported the occurrence of CHB in two children who...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-003-0024-6

    authors: Buyon JP,Friedman DM

    更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00

  • Quality-of-life measurements versus disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus.

    abstract::Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic disease affecting the physical, social, and psychological well-being of patients. Different instruments have been developed to measure health-related quality of life, some of which are SLE-specific. Contributors to poor quality of life in patients with SLE include fatigu...

    journal_title:Current rheumatology reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11926-010-0114-1

    authors: Kiani AN,Petri M

    更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00