Abstract:
:Traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs block cyclooxygenase (COX). They are the most widely used drugs for pain relief. They are indispensable for their effects but are condemned for their adverse drug reactions. Two COX inhibitors, acetaminophen and aspirin, are the most widely used over-the-counter drugs. They have low (but useful) therapeutic activity, but they are endowed with specific risks that are not seen with most other COX inhibitors. Both are lethal if taken in overdose. Each is stigmatized by severe adverse effects. Aspirin results in prolonged inhibition of blood coagulation, and acetaminophen can result in liver toxicity at normal dose and liver failure at higher dose. Both drugs cause many deaths every year. We recommend that the status of both drugs be changed to prescription only. Their continued availability over the counter poses an unacceptable risk to the general population.
journal_name
Curr Rheumatol Repjournal_title
Current rheumatology reportsauthors
Brune K,Hinz B,Otterness Idoi
10.1007/s11926-009-0006-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-02-01 00:00:00pages
36-40issue
1eissn
1523-3774issn
1534-6307journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The Delphi Technique and Nominal Group Technique are two well-recognized consensus-formation methodologies specifically designed to combine judgments from a group of experts. The Delphi Technique utilizes a series of well-defined questionnaire-based surveys, whereas Nominal Group Technique is a structured face-to-face...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-008-0025-6
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) is characterized by malignant hypertension, oliguric/anuric acute renal failure, and important mortality, with a 5-year survival rate of 65%. SRC occurs in 2% to 5% of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), particularly those with diffuse cutaneous SSc in the first years of disease evol...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-010-0145-7
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this study was to highlight recent findings on evaluation for lung transplantation and outcomes after transplantation in patients with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). RECENT FINDINGS:The recognition that extra-pulmonary disease manifestations can seriously compromise post-transplant ...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-017-0650-z
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, the various systemic manifestations reported in localized scleroderma, their incidence, their relationship with systemic sclerosis, and their relationship with other autoimmune or connective tissue diseases will be analyzed. ...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-004-0020-5
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seronegative spondyloarthropathies comprise a group of inflammatory arthritides, which consists of ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis (Reiter's syndrome), enteropathic arthritis, and undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy. All of them share common laboratory, clinical, and imaging findings, ...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-004-0054-8
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Childhood systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is known to have a worse prognosis than adult-onset disease, and monitoring and treatment of the disease are still a challenge. Thus, there is an urgent need for highly reliable, non-invasive biomarkers for early detection of relapses, to avoid long-term complications and t...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-012-0312-0
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vasculitides are a group of protean diseases, some of which are caused by conditions including infections, other autoimmune diseases, or neoplasias. They are a challenge to the clinician, in terms of both diagnosis and therapy. No diagnostic criteria exist, although a multinational effort to develop them is in pro...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-014-0422-y
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI) is the major autoantigen in the antiphospholipid syndrome. The central importance of understanding β2GPI physiology from the perspective of the rheumatologist is that it forms the foundation for understanding the pathophysiology underlying autoantibody generation, and the diverse mechanisms b...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-010-0151-9
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Widespread muscle pain, fatigue, and weakness are defining characteristics of patients with fibromyalgia (FM). The aim of this review is to summarize recent investigations of muscle abnormalities in FM, which can be classified as structural, metabolic, or functional in nature. Histologic muscle abnormalities of membra...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-000-0053-3
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interest in imaging ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and related spondyloarthropathies has increased in recent years. MRI is regarded as the most sensitive imaging modality to detect early inflammatory lesions in the sacroiliac joints and in the spine. Standard radiography plays a major role in evaluating potential disease...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-007-0057-3
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The risk of infection accompanies the benefits of surgery. Immunomodulatory chronic illnesses may increase the risk of surgical infections. Surgical patients with rheumatologic illness need close preoperative assessment regarding their infection risks (fixed and modifiable), which vary on the basis of the proposed pro...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-013-0379-2
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW:Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is one of the most common inflammatory rheumatologic condition occurring in older adults. It is characterized by proximal pain and stiffness in the shoulders, neck, and/or pelvic girdle in individuals over 50 years of age along with evidence of an intense systemic infl...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-020-00919-2
更新日期:2020-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::Optimal management for scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) is likely to require treatment of the underlying disease process, which remains incompletely understood, and also of the organ-based complications of this heterogeneous condition. Clinical trials evaluating several potential agents have been completed recently, i...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-999-0020-6
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of the anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) is not uniform across geographical regions and ethnic and racial groups, suggesting that genetic and environmental factors affect the pathogenesis of these diseases. In addition, genetic factors affect not only the clin...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-014-0428-5
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study had two objectives: to describe the historical development of self-reported presenteeism instruments that can be used to identify and measure presenteeism as a result of musculoskeletal disease (MSD) and to identify if, and how many of these, presenteeism instruments are underpinned by economic theory. Syst...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-016-0600-1
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gout and hyperuricemia have long been suspected to be risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, studies have frequently failed to distinguish whether these entities have an independent effect on cardiovascular risk or serve as markers for other risk factors. In vitro and animal studies suggest that uric acid i...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-010-0084-3
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urate is the major inert end product of purine degradation in higher primates in contrast to most other mammals because of the genetic silencing of hepatic oxidative enzyme uricase. The kidney plays a dominant role in urate elimination. The kidney excretes 70% of the daily urate production. Therefore, it is important ...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-996-0044-0
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Synovitis is the characteristic feature of inflammatory joint disease. If synovitis is localized to interphalangeal joints, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis are among the most common differential diagnoses. The absence of pain, tenderness, and limitation of function despite ...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-014-0442-7
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent clinical development programs for new therapeutic agents in rheumatoid arthritis have included assessment of radiographic progression comparing changes with treatment to placebo and active controls. Studies now use reliable methods of assessment and sufficient study length to detect radiographic changes. Althou...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-001-0050-1
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Arthritis is a well-recognized symptom of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). We provide a summary of available data regarding the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and autoantibody associations of joint involvement in various forms of IIM. RECENT FINDINGS:Arthritis is reported in 18-55% ...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-019-0878-x
更新日期:2019-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoporosis is a potentially preventable condition frequently encountered in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Bone loss in SLE is likely a multi- factorial process involving traditional osteoporosis risk factors along with lupus-related factors. Recognizing potential contributors to bone loss in pati...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-005-0056-1
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atypical femur fractures are rare but a growing concern, as they are more common in patients who use bisphosphonates. The best radiology-based studies have had access to only short-term exposure data, while the studies using prescription databases with substantial long-term data did not have access to radiology report...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-012-0241-y
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Health outcomes and their measures used as end points in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patient care and clinical trials have been varied and are still evolving. Although significant reductions in morbidity and mortality in SLE have been achieved, the medications approved for SLE have remained the same during the ...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-010-0105-2
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is in a majority of the cases of self-limiting, and sometimes even a self-remitting, disease. A growing amount of data suggests that active T cell regulation determines, at least partly, the clinical outcome of JIA. In experimental models of arthritis, a group of highly conserved mi...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-002-0052-7
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acupuncture has been used for millennia in traditional Chinese medicine as a technique believed to restore the balance of energy in the body caused by disease through the use of needles inserted into specific points or energy channels. This energy is called the de qi. The use of acupuncture for the treatment of pain i...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-012-0295-x
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::TNF-blocking biologics have revolutionized the care of patients with spondyloarthritis, a group of clinically overlapping conditions that includes ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis. However, incomplete response rates speak to the need for alternative therapeutic approaches. Over the last decade, animal mo...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-016-0585-9
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection has become increasingly prevalent in the last decade not only across the southern hemisphere but also, because of a recently documented viral mutation, in southern Europe and the USA. With the global spread of CHIKV infection, practitioners should know its epidemiol...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-017-0694-0
更新日期:2017-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::Resistive exercise is controversial for patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. This paper provides an update on exercise and clinical assessment in these patients. The few published studies on this topic report unchanged disease activity from a variety of exercise regimens in patients in all stages of disea...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-005-0063-2
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Congenital heart block (CHB) can occur in association with structural heart disease, such as atrioventricular septal defects, left atrial isomerism, and abnormalities of the great arteries, with tumors, such as mesotheliomas, or as an isolated defect. In 1928, Aylward reported the occurrence of CHB in two children who...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-003-0024-6
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic disease affecting the physical, social, and psychological well-being of patients. Different instruments have been developed to measure health-related quality of life, some of which are SLE-specific. Contributors to poor quality of life in patients with SLE include fatigu...
journal_title:Current rheumatology reports
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11926-010-0114-1
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00