Narrowing in on compulsions: dopamine receptor functions.

abstract：:Prevalence of heavy alcohol use remain high, and daily marijuana use is at an all-time high in young adults. As perceptions of drug effects may guide risky decision making, understanding subjective feelings for alcohol and marijuana use is critical. Existing laboratory-based and diary metrics (0-100 rating of "how dru...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Linden-Carmichael AN,Masters LD,Lanza ST

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite depressive symptoms being very common among patients seeking treatment for cocaine dependence, few studies have examined the effects of depressive symptoms on cocaine outpatient treatment outcomes, and there is even less research in the context of Contingency Management (CM). The purpose of this study was to a...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： García-Fernández G,Secades-Villa R,García-Rodríguez O,Peña-Suárez E,Sánchez-Hervás E

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Children's alcohol expectancies shift in late childhood/early adolescence in ways thought to lead to increased risk for adolescent alcohol use. The precise nature of this shift and the maturational processes that may influence it remain to be clarified. To these ends, we compared expectancy endorsement by grade across...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Bekman NM,Goldman MS,Worley MJ,Anderson KG

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite considerable health risks due to lower levels of estrogen production and the compounding antiestrogenic effects of nicotine, postmenopausal females continue to smoke. These females face significant barriers to cessation, including negative affect, weight concerns, and menopausal symptom severity. The current p...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Peltier MR,Roys MR,Waters AF,Vinci C,Waldo KM,Stewart SA,Toups RC,Jones L,Copeland AL

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Smoking-related cues tend to produce urges and cardiac responses in smokers. This reactivity has been assumed to reflect prior classical conditioning. However, little direct evidence exists supporting the notion that environmental cues can be classically conditioned to cigarette smoking. In this study, 8 smokers recei...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Lazev AB,Herzog TA,Brandon TH

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of alcohol on aggressive behavior in men and women in a laboratory setting. Participants were 526 (261 men and 265 women) healthy social drinkers between 21 and 35 years of age. They were randomly assigned to either an alcohol or a placebo group. Aggression wa...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Giancola PR,Levinson CA,Corman MD,Godlaski AJ,Morris DH,Phillips JP,Holt JC

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined prevalence and patterns of co-use of opioids and cocaine in regular users of illicit opioids (N = 729) recruited from 5 Canadian cities. Fifty-seven percent (n = 417) reported having used both opioids and cocaine in the month and week preceding the interview; of these, 73% (n = 304) were able to id...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Leri F,Stewart J,Fischer B,Jürgen R,Marsh DC,Brissette S,Bruneau J,El-Guebaly N,Noël L,Tyndall MW,Wild TC

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study investigated the effects of chronic pre-exposure to methamphetamine on sexual motivation and performance in male Japanese quail. Quail were pre-exposed to methamphetamine (1.0 or 3.0 mg/kg ip) or saline (ip) once daily for 10 days and locomotor activity was measured. After a 10 day washout period, se...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Bolin BL,Akins CK

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nonmedical use of prescription drugs is a widely recognized public health issue, and young adults are particularly vulnerable to their use. Behavioral economic drug purchase tasks capture an individual's strength of desire and motivation for a particular drug. We examined young adult prescription drug purchase and...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Pickover AM,Messina BG,Correia CJ,Garza KB,Murphy JG

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug cue reactivity is theoretically and clinically important. The modified Stroop task has been widely used to assess attention capture by drug cues (attentional bias). Attentional bias to drug cues is assumed to reflect the incentive value of those cues, but this has not been directly tested. The authors examined wh...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Waters AJ,Carter BL,Robinson JD,Wetter DW,Lam CY,Kerst W,Cinciripini PM

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of using several nicotine replacement treatments on self-reported withdrawal symptoms and side effects during 2-day periods of smoking cessation, with 5 days of ad lib smoking between cessation days, were evaluated. Participants (N = 18) experienced the following conditions: nicotine gum, 24-hr patch, 16-h...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Leischow SJ,Valente SN,Hill AL,Otte PS,Aickin M,Holden T,Kligman E,Cook G

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug abuse and obesity are serious public health problems. Dopamine plays a central role in mediating the reinforcing effects of drugs and food. Prolonged use of drugs is known to alter the function and/or sensitivity of many neurotransmitter systems, including dopamine; however, the impact of consuming foods high in ...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Collins GT,Chen Y,Tschumi C,Rush EL,Mensah A,Koek W,France CP

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:P. R. Giancola's (2000) macroconstruct framework of executive functions (EF) characterizes how cognitive processes work together to inhibit aggressive responding in provocative situations, and how alcohol intoxication increases the likelihood of aggression by disrupting these processes. His framework can be considered...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Bates ME

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors investigated the effects of a laboratory stressor task on rapid initial orienting and delayed disengagement aspects of attentional bias for alcohol-related cues in social drinkers (N = 58). Participants were randomly allocated to receive a stress induction or control manipulation before completing a visual...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Field M,Quigley M

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Addiction is characterized as a chronic debilitating disease. One devastating feature of addiction is the susceptibility of relapse (40-60%) after stretches of abstinence. One theory that may account for relapse suggests that drug cues (e.g., paraphernalia) may increase stress hormones, and this may prompt relapse. Re...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Rice BA,Eaton SE,Prendergast MA,Akins CK

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some abused drugs have been reported to alter performance on naturalistic tasks such as driving and also on laboratory tasks. The performance effects of several drug classes were examined using a repeated measures design. Eight volunteers were administered 2 doses of ethanol, marijuana, amphetamine, hydromorphone, pen...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Pickworth WB,Rohrer MS,Fant RV

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heavy smokers (N = 408, smoking more than 25 cigarettes/day) were randomized to receive high-dose (25 mg) or standard-dose (15 mg) nicotine patch therapy delivered during the daytime only (16 hr) for a period of 6 weeks. Treatment effects of each dose were similar. The percentages of participants not smoking at 2-, 6-...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Killen JD,Fortmann SP,Davis L,Strausberg L,Varady A

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review outlines the development and use of placebo cigarettes in smoking research. Research on effects of smoking has been disadvantaged by the lack of an adequate placebo condition. Recently, tobacco-based denicotinized cigarettes have been used in smoking research to distinguish effects of smoking due to the de...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Robinson ML,Houtsmuller EJ,Moolchan ET,Pickworth WB

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study shows that a moderate dose of alcohol (0.62 g/kg) can impair cognitive processes controlling behavioral inhibition and flexibility (i.e., inhibiting one response and making a different one). Two groups of male social drinkers (n = 8) received alcohol or a placebo and performed two change tasks that required...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Easdon CM,Vogel-Sprott M

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzodiazepines and alcohol are widely used psychoactive substances that have performance-impairing effects. Research suggests that the impairment profiles for benzodiazepines and alcohol differ, although few cognitive psychopharmacological studies have directly compared these drugs. This double-blind, double-dummy, p...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Kleykamp BA,Griffiths RR,Mintzer MZ

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite increases in ecstasy (MDMA) use in the United States, little is known about characteristics linked with recent-onset ecstasy use, especially psychiatric symptoms and deviant behaviors. AIMS:To test whether individuals with high levels of other drug use are more likely to be recent-onset ecstasy user...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Martins SS,Mazzotti G,Chilcoat HD

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Varenicline reduces drinking in people with alcohol use disorder, but little is known about the mechanisms underlying this effect. Varenicline targets α4β2 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which are associated with several cognitive functions such as working memory. Varenicline may improve drinking outcomes b...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Roberts W,McKee SA

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The social environment plays a critical role in determining the likelihood that an individual will use drugs or will develop a drug use disorder. Recent evidence obtained from preclinical studies reveals that proximal social factors (i.e., those factors that are immediately present at the time of drug exposure) exert ...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Strickland JC,Smith MA

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two studies were conducted to determine the anger-attenuating effects of nicotine as a function of trait hostility. The 1st study examined the effects of nicotine on diary ratings of anger during a 24-hr period in a natural setting in 30 smokers and 30 nonsmokers. Participants took part in 2 monitoring sessions involv...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Jamner LD,Shapiro D,Jarvik ME

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A retrospective study was conducted to examine aripiprazole's effectiveness and safety in a naturalistic treatment setting in both inpatients and outpatients affected by schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. All patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective and delusional disorders, and schizoid and schizotypal ...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Di Lorenzo R,Amoretti A,Forghieri M,Fiorini F,Genedani S,Rigatelli M

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an elegant series of experiments, F. Leri and J. Stewart (2002) report that exposure to heroin increases subsequent reinstatement responding if the animal has access to the drug lever during the lapse and if responding on the lever results in the presentation of conditioned cues. It is interesting that exposure to ...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Goeders NE

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among young adults, subjective feelings of alcohol's effects often guide risky decision making. The majority of studies measuring subjective effects have used singular indices ("How drunk do you feel?") which limits our understanding of young adults' full range of subjective states and their individual differences in ...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Linden-Carmichael AN,Allen HK,Lanza ST

更新日期：2020-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The high comorbidity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol dependence (AD) has been firmly established. Although laboratory studies have examined self-reported craving in response to trauma and alcohol cues, no studies have reported on alcohol-related physiological responding in response to trauma cues i...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Coffey SF,Schumacher JA,Stasiewicz PR,Henslee AM,Baillie LE,Landy N

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the relation of the Five-Factor Model (FFM) of personality to symptoms of alcohol and marijuana abuse before and after controlling for symptoms of antisocial personality disorder (APD) and internalizing psychopathology. The 481 participants completed a well-validated measure of the FFM and a struct...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Flory K,Lynam D,Milich R,Leukefeld C,Clayton R

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methylphenidate (MPH) is one of the most widely prescribed drugs for treating attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Previous research suggested that MPH is a reinforcer for rats, but not all of the manipulations to show that lever pressing is controlled by the contingency to obtain MPH have been examined. In Exper...

journal_title：Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology

authors： Marusich JA,Beckmann JS,Gipson CD,Bardo MT

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00