Abstract：
:Rapid technological advances in genetics have created conceptual chaos regarding the genetics of drug response. Terms for differing concepts are used interchangeably: pharmacogenetics with pharmacogenomics, personalized medicine with personalized prescription. Biomarker has many definitions. The author prefers the concept of personalized prescription and uses it with implications beyond pharmacogenetics by considering all scientific information valid for prescribing medication. Genetics may not be crucial for all drugs. In this comprehensive view, clinicians must consider genetic, environmental and personal variables when prescribing medication and incorporate some basic pharmacological principles: (1) safety and efficacy, (2) pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, (3) therapeutic window and prescriber's role, and (4) idiosyncratic and dose-related adverse drug reactions. Personalized prescription in the clinical environment can be expressed in two main ways: as personalized selection of the drug and as personalized dosing. The future, or lack of future, of personalized drug selection and of personalized dosing in psychiatry is reviewed. Currently, the author thinks that, in psychiatry, pharmacogenetic tests have some potential in two areas: (1) excluding some drugs for some unusual patients (HLA-B*1502 genotyping in Asians for carbamazepine), and (2) using pharmacokinetic genes for personalizing dosing in narrow therapeutic window drugs. In the short term, there is dubious potential for other pharmacogenetic tests and no potential for pharmacogenetic testing to ascertain the best drug for each patient. Personalized dosing has immediate application if one understands it as the use of our current scientific knowledge of genetic, environmental and personal variables to determine dosing; its sole requirement is well-trained psychiatrists.
journal_name
Pharmacol Resjournal_title
Pharmacological researchauthors
de Leon Jdoi
10.1016/j.phrs.2008.10.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-02-01 00:00:00pages
81-9issue
2eissn
1043-6618issn
1096-1186pii
S1043-6618(08)00198-9journal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenously produced signaling molecule synthesized by cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST). Given that H2S exerts significant effects on bioenergetics and metabolism, the goal of the current study was to determine th...
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journal_title：Pharmacological research
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journal_title：Pharmacological research
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
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更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacological research
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journal_title：Pharmacological research
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更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacological research
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更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmacological research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
