Abstract：
:The mechanisms by which blast pressure waves cause mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are an open question. Possibilities include acceleration of the head, direct passage of the blast wave via the cranium, and propagation of the blast wave to the brain via a thoracic mechanism. The hypothesis that the blast pressure wave reaches the brain via a thoracic mechanism is considered in light of ballistic and blast pressure wave research. Ballistic pressure waves, caused by penetrating ballistic projectiles or ballistic impacts to body armor, can only reach the brain via an internal mechanism and have been shown to cause cerebral effects. Similar effects have been documented when a blast pressure wave has been applied to the whole body or focused on the thorax in animal models. While vagotomy reduces apnea and bradycardia due to ballistic or blast pressure waves, it does not eliminate neural damage in the brain, suggesting that the pressure wave directly affects the brain cells via a thoracic mechanism. An experiment is proposed which isolates the thoracic mechanism from cranial mechanisms of mTBI due to blast wave exposure. Results have implications for evaluating risk of mTBI due to blast exposure and for developing effective protection.
journal_name
Med Hypothesesjournal_title
Medical hypothesesauthors
Courtney AC,Courtney MWdoi
10.1016/j.mehy.2008.08.015subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-01-01 00:00:00pages
76-83issue
1eissn
0306-9877issn
1532-2777pii
S0306-9877(08)00423-4journal_volume
72pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:It is suggested that apart from aflatoxins, plant medicinal preparations containing active compounds imperatorin, dictamine, marmesin and heraclenin may be responsible for some human cancers in Nigeria and perhaps other parts of Africa. Therefore, in this paper, a hypothesis is put forward that these compounds or thei...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(83)90096-8
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Personality trait research has shown associations with many genes, prominently those of the catecholamine metabolism such as dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH), catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA). Because DBH gene is in linkage disequilibrium with ABO gene, there is reason to think that o...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2011.04.039
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Deep brain stimulation of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTg) had usually been reported to improve the symptoms of advanced Parkinson's disease. Previous studies showed that neurons in the PPTg involved in the control of the sympathetic outflow to the kidneys. Our recent studies using transneuronal labeling ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2011.09.022
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The available epidemiological data for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) support an infectious etiology and lead us to propose a new hypothesis. We examined older epidemiological data concerning categories of the population with increased incidence (aged people, people living in rural areas, farmers, breeders), more...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2006.04.070
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pro-inflammatory peptides present in wheat and related grains are associated with celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity. We hypothesize that these peptides induce enteric responses that may exacerbate the gastrointestinal manifestations of graft-versus-host disease after an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cel...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2017.05.037
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Severe affective and behavioral dysregulation, labeled as severe mood dysregulation (SMD), is a widely spread phenomenon among adolescent psychiatric patients. This phenotype constitutes severe impairment across multiple settings, including various symptoms, such as non-episodic anger, mood instability, and hyperarous...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2011.07.019
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most of the body iron is found within hemoglobin in red cells (the erythron), a smaller amount being distributed in other tissues such as muscles and in deposits. Iron homeostasis is a finely tuned process in which the most important regulators are probably the liver-derived hepcidin which blocks iron absorption and d...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2014.09.008
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflammatory eye diseases such as uveitis are common and may eventually result in vision loss. Iron can play a critical role in ocular inflammation via promoting the generation of oxygen free radicals and it is also nutritionally essential for microbial growth. Considering this involvement of iron in inflammation and ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2017.03.029
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arthritis is inflammation in a joint often with joint damage, usually accompanied by pain, swelling and stiffness, resulting from infection, trauma, degenerative changes, metabolic disturbances, autoimmune or other causes. It occurs in various forms, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, bacterial arthritis ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2005.06.021
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although frequently encountered, no available consensus about the association between skeletal abnormalities and skin pigmentation. Several syndromes are characterized by the presence of skin pigmentation in association with skeletal disorders like neurofibroamtosis 1, McCune-Albright Syndrome, Jaffe-Campanacci Syndro...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-9877(03)00265-2
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent unprecedented increase of childhood obesity has led to an alarming rise in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) among these children. The process underlying the progression from simple obesity to T2D is not well understood. Cortisol is a candidate factor in the pathogenesis of T2D, as it can exacerbate insulin re...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2008.04.020
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vasogenic brain edema occurs as a result of a diverse spectrum of central nervous system pathology. The fundamental physiologic abnormality of vasogenic brain edema is an increase in cerebral capillary permeability. It is hypothesized that the recent development of new, potent, synthetic vasopressin antagonists will m...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(88)90112-0
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy has emerged as a potent therapeutic strategy to improve myocardial infarction. However MSCs therapy encounters a few obstacles regarding the poor viability of the transplanted cells. Therefore, it is important to explore a strategy to enhance post-transplanted MSC viability. To ov...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2011.12.021
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:P53 is an oncosuppressor protein which acts via transcriptional and non-transcriptional mechanisms. The transcriptional function of p53 is mediated by specific responsive elements (RE). In the present study we found one perfect p53 RE located in the first intron of the gene encoding for CD58 (lymphocyte function Antig...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1054/mehy.2001.1476
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone grafting uses a wide range of materials derived mainly from exogenous sources. Autogenous teeth are often used fresh or fixed with alcohol for later use. Proposed here is a method of using cryogenically preserved autogenous extracted teeth, which could be macerated after thawing. This method avoids the possibilit...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2016.04.028
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are differences in male and female height throughout the growth period. Utilising reference standard height charts we calculated the difference in male and female height as a function of age. A triphasic relationship was observed with statistically significant peaks (males greater than females) at 8 months and 1...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(87)90122-8
更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traditional wisdom and empirical observation unite in recommending a 7 year unit for measuring human life - including individual and institutional science. But, because of astronomy and the decimal system, things tend to be measured either in years, five years or in decades. A year is too short while a decade is too l...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2006.02.017
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synthetic ligands of the retinoid X receptor (RXR) have shown antidiabetic activity in mice, apparently owing to the fact that they stimulate the transcriptional activity of PPAR-gamma/RXR heterodimers, much like thiazolidinedione drugs. The chlorophyll metabolite phytanic acid has been shown to be a natural ligand fo...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1054/mehy.2000.1153
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been previously proposed that conscious process involves the collapse of quantum, dynamical brain states through conscious observation. It has been further proposed that the brain process has an active role in selecting the status of uncertain stimuli. On the basis of these proposals it was predicted that event...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2003.10.002
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of breast cancer in women has increased dramatically over the last decade. Epidemiological markers of this increased incidence include: endocrine related phenomena (early menarche, age of first parity and age of menopause); exposure of the breast to X-radiation; and a group of seemingly disparate factors...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(92)90090-y
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High blood pressure is an important component of pre-eclampsia. The underlying mechanism of development of hypertension in pre-eclampsia is complicated and still remains obscure. Several theories have been advanced including endothelial dysfunction, uteroplacental insufficiency leading to generalized vasoconstriction,...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2009.03.007
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Secretion of ovarian hormones directly into the peritoneal cavity has been repeatedly demonstrated for 25 years, but the consequences of this pathway of secretion have not been fully considered. Circumstantial evidence suggests the following hypotheses: (1) Hormones enter the endometrial cavity through the tubes and i...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-9877(03)00029-x
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both epidemiological and experimental studies have shown that impaired growth in utero due to maternal malnutrition, resulting in low birth weight, is associated with a high incidence of glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes in adult life. Maternal malnutrition is a worldwide problem and unavoid...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2005.12.024
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The exact aetiology of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is unknown, although this is the most common cardiac valvular abnormality currently detected. MVP has high incidence in young individuals, particularly during the second and third decades. These individuals are usually of a slender body habitus indicating higher rates...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1054/mehy.1999.0016
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, which is now viewed as a disease of brain with pathogenesis not fully understood. The main diagnostic methods are examining the retinal nerve fiber layer through optical coherence tomography and investigating visual field defect, but these methods pres...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2018.12.020
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Initiation and development of atherosclerosis has largely been attributed to irregular shear stress patterns and values, in the current literature. Abnormalities such as low shear stress, reversing and oscillatory shear force patterns, as well as temporal variations of shear stress are the most cited factors. However,...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2013.04.041
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The "small-for-size" syndrome and "post-hepatectomy liver failure" refers to the development of liver failure (hyperbilirubinemia, coagulopathy, encephalopathy and refractory ascites) resulting from the reduction of liver mass beyond a certain threshold. This complication is associated with a high mortality and is a m...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2013.01.028
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current paper aims to hypothesize that, oral surgical interventions such as tooth extractions, endosseous implant placement, subgingival curettage, etc. might result in widespread of fungal species via blood stream and can cause fungal contaminations of the cardiac valves. We hereby suggest that, an additional fungal ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109482
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper describes a presumptive mechanism for the development of changes in respiratory function due to chronic neck pain. The patient with neck pain presents a number of factors that could constitute a predisposition of leading to a respiratory dysfunction: (a) the decreased strength of deep neck flexors and exten...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2007.07.050
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A large number of epileptic patients suffer from refractory epilepsy, despite optimal treatment; thus these patients require new therapeutic approaches. Focal seizure activity is typically initiated in a fixed and localized region, which subsequently spreads to neighboring regions or more distant areas. At the initial...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2013.07.046
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
