Abstract:
:Although originally proposed as a subtype of opioid receptors, the sigma receptor is now confirmed to be a non-opioid receptor that binds diverse classes of psychotropic drugs. Sigma receptors are subdivided into two subtypes, sigma-1 and sigma-2. The sigma-1 receptor is a 25-kDa protein possessing one putative transmembrane domain and an endoplasmic reticulum retention signal. Sigma-1 receptors are highly expressed in deeper laminae of the cortex, olfactory bulb, nuclei of mesencephalon, hypothalamus, and Purkinje cells in the brain. Sigma-1 receptors are predominantly localized at the endoplasmic reticulum of both neurons and oligodendrocytes. From behavioral studies, sigma-1 receptors were shown to be involved in higher-ordered brain functions including memory and drug dependence. The actions mediated by sigma-1 receptors at the cellular level can be considered either as acute or chronic. The acute actions include the modulation of ion channels (i.e., K+ channel, NMDA receptors, IP3 receptors) and the sigma-1 receptor translocation. Chronic actions of sigma-1 receptors are basically considered to be the result of an up- or down regulation of the sigma-1 receptor itself. For example, the upregulation of sigma-1 receptors per se, even without exogenous ligands, promotes cellular differentiation and reconstitution of lipid microdomains (lipid rafts) in cultured cells. These findings together suggest that sigma-1 receptors might possess a constitutive biological activity, and that sigma-1 receptor ligands might merely work as modulators of the innate activity of this protein. Recent in vitro and in vitro studies strongly point to the possibility that sigma-1 receptors participate in membrane remodeling and cellular differentiation in the nervous system.
journal_name
Curr Neuropharmacoljournal_title
Current neuropharmacologyauthors
Hayashi T,Su Tdoi
10.2174/157015905774322516subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-10-01 00:00:00pages
267-80issue
4eissn
1570-159Xissn
1875-6190journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an important complication of diabetes and is considered one of the main causes of blindness in moderate-income and highly-developed countries. As it is a major socioeconomic problem, defining all mechanisms that may lead to DR development is of great importance. In the 21st centu...
journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570159x14666160523144245
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease is one of the most progressive forms of dementia, ultimately leading to death in aged populations. The major hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease include deposition of extracellular amyloid senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles in brain neuronal cells. Although there are classical th...
journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570159X18666200128121920
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sleep, an essential physiological process, has been divided into rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) and non-REMS (NREMS) in higher animals. REMS is a unique phenomenon that unlike other sleep-waking states is not under voluntary control. Directly or indirectly it influences or gets influenced by most of the physiological...
journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570159x13666150414185737
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
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更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Natural phenolic compounds in medicinal herbs and dietary plants are antioxidants which play therapeutic or preventive roles in different pathological situations, such as oxidative stress and inflammation. One of the most studied phenolic compounds in the last decade is chlorogenic acid (CGA), which is a pot...
journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
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doi:10.2174/1570159X17666191021111809
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abstract::Animal behavioural profiles are commonly employed to investigate new therapeutic agents to treat anxiety disorders as well as to investigate the mechanism of action of anxiolytic drugs. However, many clinically important symptoms of anxiety can not be modelled directly in animals. Human models of anxiety should bridge...
journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570159X11666131204235805
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of locus coeruleus (LC) neurons has been extensively investigated in a variety of behavioural states. In fact this norepinephrine (NE)-containing nucleus modulates many physiological and pathological conditions including the sleep-waking cycle, movement disorders, mood alterations, convulsive seizures, an...
journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157015907781695982
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570159x13666150115220617
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570159X18666200626204005
更新日期:2020-06-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hereditary cerebellar ataxias are a group of disorders characterized by heterogeneous clinical manifestations, progressive clinical course, and diverse genetic causes. No disease modifying treatments are yet available for many of these disorders. Oxidative stress has been recurrently identified in different ...
journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570159X15666171109125643
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570159x1302150525122020
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570159X18666200227125854
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are several studies investigating the effects of risperidone in autism, but many of these studies are contradictory or inconclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of risperidone on five domains of Aberrant Behaviour Checklist (ABC) scale on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), as w...
journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570159X18666200529151741
更新日期:2020-05-29 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570159X14666160729155441
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
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更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.2174/1570159x13666150630174343
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The heat shock protein (Hsp) family is an evolutionarily conserved system that is charged with preventing unfolded or misfolded proteins in the cell from aggregating. In Alzheimer's disease, extracellular accumulation of the amyloid β peptide (Aβ) and intracellular aggregation of the microtubule associated protein tau...
journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
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更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Currently, there is a great interest in the potential medical use of cannabidiol (CBD), a non-intoxicating cannabinoid. Productive pharmacological research on CBD occurred in the 1970s and intensified recently with many discoveries about the endocannabinoid system. Multiple preclinical and clinical studies l...
journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The eukaryotic voltage-gated sodium channel(e-Nav) is a large asymmetric transmembrane protein with important functions concerning neurological function. No structure has been resolved at high resolution for this protein. METHODS:A homology model of the transmembrane and extracellular regions of an Anophele...
journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
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更新日期:2017-11-14 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
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更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amphetamines exert their persistent addictive effects by activating brain's reward pathways, perhaps through the release of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (and/or in other places). On the other hand, there is a relationship between dopamine and all behavioural aspects that involve motor activity and it has been dem...
journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 'omnipresence' of adenosine in all nervous system cells (neurons and glia) together with the intensive release of adenosine following insults, makes adenosine as a sort of 'maestro' of synapses leading to the homeostatic coordination of brain function. Besides direct actions of adenosine on the neurosecretory mech...
journal_title:Current neuropharmacology
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更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00