Abstract:
:The oral cavity of human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) infected individuals is subjected to a series of opportunistic infections which are usually considered as a prognostic marker for the severity of infection as well as an indicator of immunodeficiency. The highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has significantly lessened the severity of HIV-associated oral infections although this therapeutic regimen is considered to be responsible for some of the oral lesions such as oral warts and salivary gland disorders. In addition, the beneficial effects of HAART on HIV associated oral lesions are stratified with age, with the adult population showing improvements whereas the oral lesions among children remain unchanged with this therapy. The presence of HIV-1 in the saliva, and infectivity of oral epithelial cells suggest that the oral cavity is a site of HIV pathogenesis and potential reservoir for the disease in the setting of virally suppressive HAART. Overall HIV associated oral lesions are usually due to fungal, bacterial, and viral infections as well as some of unknown etiology. This review describes the current status of HIV associated oral lesions by comparing historically available pre-HAART data. Future directions envisioned by the National Institutes of Health as well as novel avenues to be explored are also presented.
journal_name
Curr HIV Resjournal_title
Current HIV researchauthors
Parveen Z,Acheampong E,Pomerantz RJ,Jacobson JM,Wigdahl B,Mukhtar Mdoi
10.2174/157016207780636533subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-05-01 00:00:00pages
281-92issue
3eissn
1570-162Xissn
1873-4251journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Recently, a mechanism of negative regulation of immune responses by a specialized population of so-called regulatory T cells (Tregs) has become a focus of intense investigation. Through the discovery of transcription factor Foxp3 as a central molecular determinant of Tregs differentiation and function, the complex bio...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016210791208613
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cytokines have been widely demonstrated to involve in the pathogenesis of AIDS and the mechanisms of antiretroviral therapy. Interleukin 27 (IL-27) is a new member of the IL-12 cytokine family and has been shown to interfere HIV-1 virus replication with controversial findings. This study is to investigate th...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X15666170517130339
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::According to the World Health Organization's 2007 estimates, close to 33 million people worldwide are living with HIV/AIDS. Over the past two decades, significant progress has been made in understanding HIV pathogenesis and disease progression, which has allowed the identification of a multitude of drug and vaccine ta...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016208785861159
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus has evolved several redundant mechanisms to remove its receptor, the CD4 molecule, from the cell surface. Indeed, HIV-1 encodes three proteins, Nef, Vpu and Env, that have a profound effect on CD4 trafficking and catabolism. Given this functional convergence, it is believed that cell surfa...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570162043485086
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study assessed the phenotypic aspects of oral-cavity Candida albicans isolates from 300 HIV-1- positive patients, relating the most commonly investigated virulence factors (enzyme typing and germ-tube formation) to the most common morphotypes. The samples were seeded into specific media for isolation and s...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162x113119990042
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::While significant progress has been made since 2003 when a comprehensive treatment, prevention and control program was implemented to combat the HIV/AIDS epidemic in China, new challenges are emerging. There have been limited direct case reports on profiles of HIV/AIDS patients under care at unique clinical settings i...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016210793499169
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Premature immunosenescence has been reported in different HIV scenarios. However, how premature is the HIV-related immunosenescent phenotype is still unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the immunosenescent status of young viraemic naive HIV-infected individuals, with less than four years from infection...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016211797636008
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Since 2010, Nigeria has adopted World Health Organization (WHO) 'Option B' which requires administration of triple antiretroviral prophylaxis or treatment (ART) to all HIVinfected pregnant women. We studied the transmission outcomes of HIV-exposed children up to 18 months of age. DESIGN:This was a retrospect...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162x1303150506182534
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low levels of plasma viremia (below 50 copies/ml of HIV-1 RNA) can be detected in the majority of HIV+ subjects successfully treated with HAART. Aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of different antiretroviral regimens on this residual viremia and on proviral HIV-1 DNA in HAART-treated subjects with plasma HIV ...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2174/157016208784325010
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has long been recognized that drug metabolism and drug toxicity may vary greatly between individuals, affecting both efficacy and toxicity. Pharmacogenetics could benefit HIV therapeutics because of the high prevalence of drug-related adverse events and the long term nature and complexity of combination therapy. In...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016208786501535
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vaccine against HIV-1 is not currently available. In present, Virus like particles (VLPs) as effective strategy was used in several vaccine developing. Two conserved sequences; V3 loop of gp120 and the membrane-proximal external region (MPER) of gp41 are dominant sites for vaccine studies. OBJECTIVE:In this...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X15666171017122229
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::AIDS is a globalized infectious disease. In 2014, UNAIDS launched a global project of "90-90-90" to end the HIV epidemic by 2030. The second and third 90 require 90% of HIV-1 infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and durable virological suppression. However, wide use of ART will greatly increase ...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X17666190927154110
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC), a major cause of pelvic inflammatory disease, can facilitate HIV transmission. In response to GC infection, genital epithelial cells can produce cytokines, chemokines and defensins to modulate HIV infection and infectivity. GC can also induce the production of cytokines and chemokines in mo...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016212800618138
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been known for decades that exogenous RNAs are able to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and immunological reactivity to a wide variety of antigens. The molecular events responsible for these effects remain unclear for more than two decades. It has been decided to revisit this phenomenon in the light of new...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016205774370447
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Jembrana disease virus (JDV) is the most recently discovered member of the lentivirus family and causes an acute clinical disease in Bali cattle with a fatality rate of approximately 15%. It is genetically related to bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) to the extent that infections cannot yet be differentially diagnos...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016210790416370
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major hurdle in the development of a global HIV-1 vaccine is viral diversity. For close to three decades, HIV vaccine development has focused on either the induction of T cell immune responses or antibody responses, and only rarely on both components. After the failure of the STEP trial, the scientific community con...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016210794088290
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Human milk banking has been promoted to provide donated breast milk for at-risk children whose mothers cannot breastfeed them but this effort was hindered by the advent of HIV epidemic. OBJECTIVE:To estimate the seroprevalence of HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B in the blood of human milk donors registered in ...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X15666170707143541
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:China has implemented a nation-wide policy to control mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) since 2011, yet the efficacy of the control policy is less studied. The aim of the present study was to report the data in the prevention of MTCT of HIV in Nantong city, China. ...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X18666200810134025
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::AIDS has claimed the lives of 25 million people worldwide, an additional 40 million people are HIV-infected and new cases are being diagnosed every year. Despite the fact that HAART has moved AIDS from the category of terminal diseases to that of treatable chronic illnesses, its long-term therapeutic success may be co...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016207781023965
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We studied the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment outcome and survival in children with HIV and Tuberculosis (TB) co-infection. METHODS:All HIV infected children with symptoms or signs consistent with tuberculosis were screened. We studied 24 cases of culture confirmed TB from among a cohort of 213...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016207781662434
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Opioid use in HIV infection has been associated with an increased frequency of neurological disease and cognitive impairment and vitamin A deficiency has been linked to progressive HIV disease in drug users. In this report the potential effects of these factors, alone and in combination, on gamma amino butyric acid (G...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016212802138715
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beta defensins are antimicrobial peptides that serve to protect the host from microbial invasion at skin and mucosal surfaces. Here we explore the relationships among beta defensin levels, total bacterial colonization, and colonization by bacterial vaginosis (BV)-related bacteria and lactobacilli in the female genital...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016212802429848
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objective was to assess dietary intake and physical activity in a Canadian population sample of male patients with HIV and metabolic abnormalities and to compare the data to Canadian recommendations. Sixty-five HIV-infected men with at least one feature associated with the metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance, dysli...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016208783571973
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis for prevention of mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV could affect hemoglobin (Hb) development of infants. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 24 HIV-infected and 21 HIV-uninfected pregnancies. ARV drugs were administered to HIV-infected pregnancies at 21 weeks ...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162x12666140713170800
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tolerability, long-term toxicities and selection of resistant variants limit the use and efficacy of antiretroviral drugs in HIV-positive patients. Novel combinations are needed for mantaining long-term control of HIV replication; nevertheless scarse data are available on protease inhibitor-free dual antiret...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2174/1570162x13666150929112135
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) have been isolated from both HIV-positive and non-HIV diarrheal samples. In this study a collection of 18 isolates from these two groups were compared for biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance and for the presence of 14 virulence-related genes. All the HIV-positive and o...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162x12666140207161000
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antigenic variation, which is the result of amino acid substitution and genetic evolution, poses a major challenge in the development of vaccines against pathogens with unstable genomes, such as HIV-1 and Influenza. Thus, it is highly important to characterize the relationship of genetic evolution, antigenic variation...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016207779316305
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most new HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa now occur in married and cohabiting couples, many of whom do not realize that only one of them may be infected with HIV. HIV-negative individuals living in stable HIV-discordant partnerships (in which one partner is HIV-infected while the other one is not) are twice as lik...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016210793499303
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vitamin D deficiency is common in HIV population and has been associated with increased comorbidity risk and poor immunologic status. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of protease inhibitor lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy on changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] over 48 weeks. METHODS:Thirty-four t...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X18666200827115615
更新日期:2020-08-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many HIV research projects are plagued by the high missing rate of selfreported information during data collection. Also, due to the sensitive nature of the HIV research data, privacy protection is always a concern for data sharing in HIV studies. METHODS:This paper applies a data masking approach, called t...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162x13666151029102539
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00