Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Tolerability, long-term toxicities and selection of resistant variants limit the use and efficacy of antiretroviral drugs in HIV-positive patients. Novel combinations are needed for mantaining long-term control of HIV replication; nevertheless scarse data are available on protease inhibitor-free dual antiretroviral therapies. METHODS:A multi-centric retrospective study was conducted including HIV-1-positive patients on raltegravir/nevirapine dual regimens. Plasma concentrations were measured as therapeutic drug monitoring while a subset of patients underwent intensive 12-hour pharmacokinetic evaluation. RESULTS:A total of 77 patients switching from successful regimens (76.6% male, median age 52 years) was included; 10 patients on raltegravir plus nevirapine once-daily while 67 subjects on twice-daily schedule. After a median follow-up of 32 months 69 patients (89.6%) were still successfully on treatment. Three patients discontinued for side effects (skin rash or hepatoxicity). Virological failure was observed in five patients (6.5%, 3 on once-daily schedule): in 4 patients (80%) resistance-associated mutations were observed (4 reverse transcriptase, 2 integrase). Triglycerides decreased in patients switching with lipid abnormalities (n=52) and estimated creatinine clearance increased in those with less than 60 ml/min (n=13). Median trough raltegravir and nevirapine concentrations were 83 ng/ml (32-227) and 5460 ng/ml (4037-7221); intensive 12-hours pharmacokinetic parameters (n=7) were similar to published data. CONCLUSION:Dual therapy with raltegravir/nevirapine in selected patients was highly effective over a 32-month follow up: virological failure was infrequent (6.5%), most common with once-daily schedule (60%) and often associated with the selection of resistance-associated mutations (80%). Twice-daily raltegravir plus nevirapine deserves further clinical evaluation as an NRTI- and PI-sparing strategy in selected patients.
journal_name
Curr HIV Resjournal_title
Current HIV researchauthors
Calcagno A,Montrucchio C,Capetti A,Guaraldi G,Cenderello G,Calza L,Lanzafame M,Marinaro L,Tettoni MC,Trentini L,D'Avolio A,Di Perri G,Bonora Sdoi
10.2174/1570162x13666150929112135subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
54-60issue
1eissn
1570-162Xissn
1873-4251pii
CHR-EPUB-70693journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,多中心研究abstract:BACKGROUND:HIV-1 CRF55_01B was first reported in 2013. At present, no report is available regarding this new clade's polymorphisms in its functionally critical regions protease and reverse transcriptase. OBJECTIVE:To identify the diversity difference in protease and reverse transcriptase between CRF55_01B and its pare...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X18666200415140652
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a strong predictor of virologic failure (VF) among people with HIV. Various methods such as patient self-report, pill counts and pharmacy refills have been utilized to monitor adherence. However, there are limited data on the accuracy of combining metho...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162x1205141121102501
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low levels of plasma viremia (below 50 copies/ml of HIV-1 RNA) can be detected in the majority of HIV+ subjects successfully treated with HAART. Aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of different antiretroviral regimens on this residual viremia and on proviral HIV-1 DNA in HAART-treated subjects with plasma HIV ...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2174/157016208784325010
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been known for decades that exogenous RNAs are able to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and immunological reactivity to a wide variety of antigens. The molecular events responsible for these effects remain unclear for more than two decades. It has been decided to revisit this phenomenon in the light of new...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016205774370447
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the HAART era Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) remains the second most frequent tumor in HIV-infected patients worldwide, and it has become the most common cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa. In western countries the risk for KS in men having sex with men (MSM) is 5 to 10 times higher compared to other groups of individuals practic...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016209789973619
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recently described that the chloroxoquinolinic ribonucleoside 6-chloro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl) quinoline-3-carboxylic acid (compound A) inhibits the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) enzyme reverse transcriptase (RT), and its replication in primary cells. Based on these findings, we per...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016209788347958
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Some deficient genetic polymorphisms of the innate immune system have been correlated to a higher susceptibility to different infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. The possible association between an increased incidence of pneumococcal bacteremia in HIV-infected patients, and deficient polymo...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016209787581382
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Premature immunosenescence has been reported in different HIV scenarios. However, how premature is the HIV-related immunosenescent phenotype is still unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the immunosenescent status of young viraemic naive HIV-infected individuals, with less than four years from infection...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016211797636008
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Genetic variations in Human leukocyte antigen C (HLA-C), Zinc ribbon domain containing 1 (ZNRD1) and its antisense RNA (ZNRD1-AS1) genes are known to influence the HIV-1 replication and disease progression. OBJECTIVE AND METHOD:We evaluated the distribution of HLA-C (rs10484554, rs9264942) and ZNRD1 (rs8321...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite decreasing rates of HIV among many populations, HIV-related health disparities among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men persist, with disproportional percentages of new HIV diagnoses among racial and ethnic minority men. Despite increasing awareness of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrE...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X16666180730144455
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::AIDS is a globalized infectious disease. In 2014, UNAIDS launched a global project of "90-90-90" to end the HIV epidemic by 2030. The second and third 90 require 90% of HIV-1 infected individuals receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and durable virological suppression. However, wide use of ART will greatly increase ...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X17666190927154110
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antigenic variation, which is the result of amino acid substitution and genetic evolution, poses a major challenge in the development of vaccines against pathogens with unstable genomes, such as HIV-1 and Influenza. Thus, it is highly important to characterize the relationship of genetic evolution, antigenic variation...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016207779316305
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have suggested that aerobic physical activity is safe and beneficial for HIV-infected adults. However, there is information lacking regarding whether HIV-infected patients practice physical activity and to what extent. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to determine the prevalence of phys...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016212802429794
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Jembrana disease virus (JDV) is the most recently discovered member of the lentivirus family and causes an acute clinical disease in Bali cattle with a fatality rate of approximately 15%. It is genetically related to bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) to the extent that infections cannot yet be differentially diagnos...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016210790416370
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the potential impact of the current global economic crisis (GEC) on the spread of HIV. DESIGN:To evaluate the impact of the economic downturn we studied two distinct HIV epidemics in Southeast Asia: the generalized epidemic in Cambodia where incidence is declining and the epidemic in Papua New Gu...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016209789973637
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Opioid use in HIV infection has been associated with an increased frequency of neurological disease and cognitive impairment and vitamin A deficiency has been linked to progressive HIV disease in drug users. In this report the potential effects of these factors, alone and in combination, on gamma amino butyric acid (G...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016212802138715
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) Vpr protein plays multiple roles in HIV-1 replication. In early infection, Vpr provides help in the nuclear localization of pre-integration complex. Subsequently, Vpr induces cell cycle arrest of infected cells at G2/M phase. Cell cycle arrest facilitates higher rate of viral...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016209787581508
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Since 2010, Nigeria has adopted World Health Organization (WHO) 'Option B' which requires administration of triple antiretroviral prophylaxis or treatment (ART) to all HIVinfected pregnant women. We studied the transmission outcomes of HIV-exposed children up to 18 months of age. DESIGN:This was a retrospect...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162x1303150506182534
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major hurdle in the development of a global HIV-1 vaccine is viral diversity. For close to three decades, HIV vaccine development has focused on either the induction of T cell immune responses or antibody responses, and only rarely on both components. After the failure of the STEP trial, the scientific community con...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016210794088290
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abstract::Although hepatitis B serology screening has been recommended for HIV care, it has not been routinely performed. We aimed to assess compliance and timing of hepatitis B serology screening among HIV-infected patients in a resource-limited setting. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Thailand. Compliance, timing of ...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016211794582669
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An estimated 800,000 children acquired HIV-infection in 2002, most as a result of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), and vertically-acquired HIV infection continues to be of major public health importance. Prevention of MTCT is possible with a combination of interventions including antiretroviral therapy (ART) (usua...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X17666191210105809
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of the study was to investigate if the supplementation with multistrain probiotics may be able to modulate T cell response in HIV-1 infected patients and to evaluate the anti-HIV activity of probiotic by studying fecal water (FW) samples. METHODS:Three HIV-1-positive patients (Pt1, Pt2 and Pt3) on l...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X17666190903230622
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutation of the human immunodeficiency virus by host cells inhibits viral dissemination by creating non-functional variants. However, viral mutation does not always eliminate the ability of the virus to disseminate and, in fact, is thought to promote persistence by generating functional mutants that evade immunity or ...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016208783571919
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the correlation between HIV-1 RNA load in blood and semen by antiretroviral therapy status and the relative penetration of antiretroviral drugs in seminal plasma. We performed a cross-sectional cohort study of 119 HIV-1 subjects divided into three groups according to treatment status. Blood and semen were co...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016208785861177
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis for prevention of mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV could affect hemoglobin (Hb) development of infants. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 24 HIV-infected and 21 HIV-uninfected pregnancies. ARV drugs were administered to HIV-infected pregnancies at 21 weeks ...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162x12666140713170800
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major focus of HIV-1 vaccine development has been directed towards a limited number of broadly conserved epitopes in the Envelope (Env) proteins that are sensitive neutralization targets in many primary isolates. However, evidence suggests that these epitopes are poorly immunogenic; similar antibodies are rarely pro...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016207782418470
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, a mechanism of negative regulation of immune responses by a specialized population of so-called regulatory T cells (Tregs) has become a focus of intense investigation. Through the discovery of transcription factor Foxp3 as a central molecular determinant of Tregs differentiation and function, the complex bio...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016210791208613
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has long been recognized that drug metabolism and drug toxicity may vary greatly between individuals, affecting both efficacy and toxicity. Pharmacogenetics could benefit HIV therapeutics because of the high prevalence of drug-related adverse events and the long term nature and complexity of combination therapy. In...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016208786501535
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent despite effective combined anti-retroviral therapy (cART). Cognitive function has been shown to inversely correlate with decreased synaptic and dendritic density. In this study, macaques inoculated with SIV were examined over a 3-month course of infection...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162x1131100049
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00