Abstract:
BACKGROUND:China has implemented a nation-wide policy to control mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) since 2011, yet the efficacy of the control policy is less studied. The aim of the present study was to report the data in the prevention of MTCT of HIV in Nantong city, China. METHODS:The screening and prevalence of HIV in pregnant women and the efficacy of prophylaxis in Nantong city, China, January 2012 through December 2018, were analyzed. RESULTS:Among a total population of 410,044 pregnant women, anti-HIV was tested prenatally in 393,658 (96.0%) women and in 16,287 (3.97%) women at delivery. In total, 51 women were confirmed with HIV infection. After the exclusion of repeat pregnancies, the overall prevalence of HIV infection was 1.20/10 000 (48/400,377). The prevalence (6.75/10,000) in women tested at delivery was >5-fold higher than that (1.02/10,000) in prenatally screened women. Of 48 HIV-infected women, 12 terminated their pregnancies and 36 others delivered 36 neonates, of whom 35 were followed up. No HIV infection occurred in 24 children born to mothers with antiretroviral therapy (ART) during pregnancy along with other preventive measures. Among 11 children born to mothers who did not receive ART during pregnancy because of the absence of a prenatal anti-HIV test, none of the 6 children who were delivered by cesarean section and timely administered neonatal antiretroviral prophylaxis was infected, but 2 (40%) of 5 children who were spontaneously delivered and administered delayed antiretroviral prophylaxis were infected. CONCLUSION:Prenatal identification of HIV infection and timely administration of all preventive measures can completely block MTCT of HIV. The data indicate that more efforts must be taken to ensure that all pregnant women are tested for anti-HIV during pregnancy. For pregnant women who missed the prenatal screening, a positive result in rapid anti-HIV test at delivery should be sufficient to take preventive measures to prevent MTCT of HIV.
journal_name
Curr HIV Resjournal_title
Current HIV researchauthors
Lou H,Ge X,Xu B,Liu W,Zhou YHdoi
10.2174/1570162X18666200810134025subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-01-01 00:00:00pages
458-465issue
6eissn
1570-162Xissn
1873-4251pii
CHR-EPUB-109002journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Vitamin D deficiency is common in HIV population and has been associated with increased comorbidity risk and poor immunologic status. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of protease inhibitor lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy on changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] over 48 weeks. METHODS:Thirty-four t...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X18666200827115615
更新日期:2020-08-27 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the potential impact of the current global economic crisis (GEC) on the spread of HIV. DESIGN:To evaluate the impact of the economic downturn we studied two distinct HIV epidemics in Southeast Asia: the generalized epidemic in Cambodia where incidence is declining and the epidemic in Papua New Gu...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016209789973637
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to analyze the temporal trends of HIV epidemiology in Turkey from 2011 to 2016. METHODS:Thirty-four teams from 28 centers at 17 different cities participated in this retrospective study. Participating centers were asked to complete a structured form containing questions about epidem...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X18666200427223823
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We studied the clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment outcome and survival in children with HIV and Tuberculosis (TB) co-infection. METHODS:All HIV infected children with symptoms or signs consistent with tuberculosis were screened. We studied 24 cases of culture confirmed TB from among a cohort of 213...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016207781662434
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vaccine against HIV-1 is not currently available. In present, Virus like particles (VLPs) as effective strategy was used in several vaccine developing. Two conserved sequences; V3 loop of gp120 and the membrane-proximal external region (MPER) of gp41 are dominant sites for vaccine studies. OBJECTIVE:In this...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X15666171017122229
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major hurdle in the development of a global HIV-1 vaccine is viral diversity. For close to three decades, HIV vaccine development has focused on either the induction of T cell immune responses or antibody responses, and only rarely on both components. After the failure of the STEP trial, the scientific community con...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016210794088290
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antigenic variation, which is the result of amino acid substitution and genetic evolution, poses a major challenge in the development of vaccines against pathogens with unstable genomes, such as HIV-1 and Influenza. Thus, it is highly important to characterize the relationship of genetic evolution, antigenic variation...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016207779316305
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although hepatitis B serology screening has been recommended for HIV care, it has not been routinely performed. We aimed to assess compliance and timing of hepatitis B serology screening among HIV-infected patients in a resource-limited setting. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Thailand. Compliance, timing of ...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016211794582669
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Whether HIV-positive injecting drug users (IDUs) are at higher risk of developing drug resistance mutations (DRMs) after methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) than any other HIV-positive population is unclear. OBJECTIVE:To compare the incidence of new DRMs in two population groups: antiretroviraltreatment (AR...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X18666200712173630
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 occurs in a minority of HIVinfected mother-infant pairs, even without any interventions. The mechanisms that protect the majority of HIV-exposed infants from infection are unclear. T regulatory cells (Treg) have important immunomodulatory functions, but their role in the...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X17666190213094624
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Jembrana disease virus (JDV) is the most recently discovered member of the lentivirus family and causes an acute clinical disease in Bali cattle with a fatality rate of approximately 15%. It is genetically related to bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) to the extent that infections cannot yet be differentially diagnos...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016210790416370
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Identifying the genetic variability in vertically transmitted viruses in early infancy is important to understand the disease progression. Being important in HIV-1 disease pathogenesis, vpu gene, isolated from young infants was investigated to understand the viral characteristics. METHOD:Blood samples were o...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X16666180219154601
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To promote the initiation of reverse transcription, the HIV-1 virus uses a host tRNA as a primer, tRNA(3Lys). The annealing of tRNA(3Lys) to the viral RNA requires the breaking of the 3D structure of the tRNA and RNA rearrangements, to form a stable initiation complex recognised by the reverse transcriptase. The annea...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570162053506919
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Some deficient genetic polymorphisms of the innate immune system have been correlated to a higher susceptibility to different infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. The possible association between an increased incidence of pneumococcal bacteremia in HIV-infected patients, and deficient polymo...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016209787581382
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been known for decades that exogenous RNAs are able to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and immunological reactivity to a wide variety of antigens. The molecular events responsible for these effects remain unclear for more than two decades. It has been decided to revisit this phenomenon in the light of new...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016205774370447
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the correlation between HIV-1 RNA load in blood and semen by antiretroviral therapy status and the relative penetration of antiretroviral drugs in seminal plasma. We performed a cross-sectional cohort study of 119 HIV-1 subjects divided into three groups according to treatment status. Blood and semen were co...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016208785861177
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) have been isolated from both HIV-positive and non-HIV diarrheal samples. In this study a collection of 18 isolates from these two groups were compared for biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance and for the presence of 14 virulence-related genes. All the HIV-positive and o...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162x12666140207161000
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most of the HIV-infected long term survivors show strong CD8+ cell noncytotoxic antiviral response (CNAR) that plays as an important factor for maintaining the relative healthy state of infected individuals. HIV infected former blood donors (FBDs) in Anhui, China are the unique population that considered infected by t...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016209788680561
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cellular protein "Bone marrow stromal antigen 2" (BST2 also called Tetherin, CD317, HM1.24) was identified as a major mediator of the innate immune defense against the dissemination of enveloped viruses. BST2 was shown to physically trap the de novo formed viral particles at the surface of infected cells, thereby ...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016212800792414
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The HIV epidemic has resulted in medical, social and economic consequences. There is general agreement that a safe, effective and affordable preventive HIV vaccine is urgently needed to control the epidemic. To date, over 60 phase I/II trials of about 30 candidate vaccines have been conducted worldwide. In 1991, Thail...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570162052772933
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The emergence of drug-resistant viral strains has created the need for the development of novel anti-HIV agents with a diverse structure that targets key enzymes in the HIV lifecycle. OBJECTIVE:Considering the pharmacophore of integrase inhibitors, one of the validated targets for anti-HIV therapy, we desig...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X17666191210105809
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016212799937209
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:HIV-1+ long-term nonprogressors (LTNPs) maintain natural control of viral infection. This study sought to identify and characterize HIV- LTNPs series case, regarding the presence of possible host factors that may be associated with this status. METHODS:We evaluated the plasma levels of IP-10/IL-8 chemokines...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X16666171206120024
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the beginning of the AIDS pandemic, and following the discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as the etiological agent of the disease, it was clear that the virus gains access to the human host predominantly through the mucosal tissue after sexual exposure. As a consequence, the female genital tract ...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/157016212799304689
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Antiretroviral therapy (ART), especially with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), has been associated with accelerated bone turnover and leads to significant bone loss. OBJECTIVE:We aimed to determine the effect of vitamin D2 and calcium on bone mineral density (BMD) in HIV-infected patients receiving TDF/...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 临床试验
doi:10.2174/1570162X18666200106150806
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antiretroviral therapy (ART), for those who have access, has revolutionised the morbidity and mortality consequences of HIV infection. By the end of 2010, 6.6 million people living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries were receiving ART, a dramatic 20-fold increase since 2001, saving millions of lives. In addi...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016211798038579
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among HIV positive patients, Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) or biopsy for diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenopathy is often avoided due to an unspoken stigma. Earlier, we had developed a clinical scoring scale for the diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBLN), which had 88% sensitivity and detected no fals...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/157016206778560009
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Genetic variations in Human leukocyte antigen C (HLA-C), Zinc ribbon domain containing 1 (ZNRD1) and its antisense RNA (ZNRD1-AS1) genes are known to influence the HIV-1 replication and disease progression. OBJECTIVE AND METHOD:We evaluated the distribution of HLA-C (rs10484554, rs9264942) and ZNRD1 (rs8321...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1570162X15666170511141741
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In HIV-1, tRNA(Lys3) serves as the primer for reverse transcriptase, and during viral assembly, the tRNA(Lys) isoacceptors, tRNA(Lys1,2) and tRNA(Lys3), are selectively packaged into the virion. In this review, we shall first discuss the evidence for the formation of a tRNA(Lys) packaging complex, whose components inc...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1570162043484988
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tolerability, long-term toxicities and selection of resistant variants limit the use and efficacy of antiretroviral drugs in HIV-positive patients. Novel combinations are needed for mantaining long-term control of HIV replication; nevertheless scarse data are available on protease inhibitor-free dual antiret...
journal_title:Current HIV research
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2174/1570162x13666150929112135
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00