The involvement of non-B DNA structures in gross chromosomal rearrangements.

abstract：:Double-strand breaks in genomic DNA (DSB) are potentially lethal lesions which separate parts of chromosome arms from their centromeres. Repair of DSB by recombination can generate mutations and further chromosomal rearrangements, making the regulation of recombination and the choice of recombination pathways of the h...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Charbonnel C,Allain E,Gallego ME,White CI

更新日期：2011-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene amplification, a key mechanism for oncogene activation and drug resistance in tumour cells, involves the generation and joining of DNA double-strand breaks. Amplified DNA can be carried either on intra-chromosomal arrays or on extra-chromosomal elements (double minutes). We previously showed that, in rodent cells...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Salzano A,Kochiashvili N,Nergadze SG,Khoriauli L,Smirnova A,Ruiz-Herrera A,Mondello C,Giulotto E

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In both Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Mms22 and Mms1 form a complex with important functions in the response to DNA damage, loss of which leads to perturbations during replication. Furthermore, in S. cerevisiae, Mms1 has been suggested to function in concert with a Cullin-like protein, Rtt101...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Vejrup-Hansen R,Mizuno K,Miyabe I,Fleck O,Holmberg C,Murray JM,Carr AM,Nielsen O

更新日期：2011-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Current data indicate that clustered DNA damage generated by ionizing radiation contains 2-5 damages within 20 bps. The complexity of clustered damage is also believed to increase as the linear energy transfer of the radiation increases. Complex lesions are therefore biologically relevant especially with the use of ca...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Malyarchuk S,Castore R,Harrison L

更新日期：2009-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Translesion DNA polymerases (TLS pols) play critical roles in defense mechanisms against genotoxic agents. The defects or mutations of TLS pols are predicted to result in hypersensitivity of cells to environmental mutagens. In this study, human cells expressing DNA polymerase ζ (Pol ζ) variants with low fidelity or we...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Suzuki T,Grúz P,Honma M,Adachi N,Nohmi T

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The oxidation of the thymine methyl group can generate 5-formyluracil (FoU). Template FoU residues are known to miscode, generating base substitution mutations. The repair of the FoU lesion is therefore important in minimizing mutations induced by DNA oxidation. We have studied the repair of FoU in synthetic oligonucl...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Liu P,Burdzy A,Sowers LC

更新日期：2003-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a versatile system that deals with various bulky and helix-distorting DNA lesions caused by UV and environmental mutagens. Based on how lesion recognition occurs, NER has been separated into global genome repair (GGR) and transcription-coupled repair (TCR). The yeast Rad7-Rad16 comp...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Liu L,Huo Y,Li J,Jiang T

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methylation of the O(6)-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter is associated with G:C to A:T transitions in the p53 gene in various human cancers, including lung cancer. In tumors with p53 mutation, MGMT promoter methylation is more common in advanced tumors than in early tumors. However, in tumors with w...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Lai JC,Cheng YW,Goan YG,Chang JT,Wu TC,Chen CY,Lee H

更新日期：2008-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Early work from about two decades ago implicated DNA double-strand break (DSB) formation and repair in neuronal development. Findings emerging from recent studies of DSBs in proliferating neural progenitors and in mature, non-dividing neurons suggest important roles of DSBs in brain physiology, aging, cancer, psychiat...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Alt FW,Schwer B

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Telomeres play an important role in protecting the ends of chromosomes and preventing chromosome fusion. We have previously demonstrated that double-strand breaks near telomeres in mammalian cells result in either the addition of a new telomere at the site of the break, termed chromosome healing, or sister chromatid f...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Gao Q,Reynolds GE,Wilcox A,Miller D,Cheung P,Artandi SE,Murnane JP

更新日期：2008-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Artemis and PALF (also called APLF) appear to be among the primary nucleases involved in non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and responsible for most nucleolytic end processing in NHEJ. About 60% of NHEJ events show an alignment of the DNA ends that use 1 or 2bp of microhomology (MH) between the two DNA termini. Thus, M...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Pannunzio NR,Li S,Watanabe G,Lieber MR

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the publication of the first paper describing the biochemical properties of DNA polymerase iota (polɩ), the question immediately arose as to why cells harbor such a low-fidelity enzyme which often violates the Watson-Crick base pairing rules? Yet 20 years after its discovery, the cellular function of polɩ remains...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Vaisman A,Woodgate R

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within a decade the family of AlkB dioxygenases has been extensively studied as a one-protein DNA/RNA repair system in Escherichia coli but also as a group of proteins of much wider functions in eukaryotes. Two strains, HK82 and BS87, are the most commonly used E. coli strains for the alkB gene mutations. The aim of t...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Mielecki D,Sikora A,Wrzesiński M,Nieminuszczy J,Detman A,Żuchniewicz K,Gromadka R,Grzesiuk E

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantitating relative (32)P-band intensity in gels is desired, e.g., to study primer-extension kinetics of DNA polymerases (DNAPs). Following imaging, multiple (32)P-bands are often present in lanes. Though individual bands appear by eye to be simple and well-resolved, scanning reveals they are actually skewed-Gaussia...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Sholder G,Loechler EL

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lagging strand DNA replication requires the concerted actions of DNA polymerase δ, Fen1 and DNA ligase I for the removal of the RNA/DNA primers before ligation of Okazaki fragments. To better understand this process in human cells, we have reconstituted Okazaki fragment processing by the short flap pathway in vitro wi...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Lin SH,Wang X,Zhang S,Zhang Z,Lee EY,Lee MY

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulation of the vertebrate checkpoint kinase Chk1 involves several protein complexes including the recently identified protein Claspin. Claspin associates with Chk1 upon replication stress and DNA damage and is required for Chk1 activation in both Xenopus and human systems. More importantly, Claspin is involved in r...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Chini CC,Chen J

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MutT enzymes prevent DNA damage by hydrolysis of 8-oxodGTP, an oxidized substrate for DNA synthesis and antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and antineurodegenerative functions of MutT enzymes are well established. MutT has been found in almost all kingdoms of life, including many bacterial species, yeasts, plants and mam...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Arczewska KD,Baumeier C,Kassahun H,Sengupta T,Bjørås M,Kuśmierek JT,Nilsen H

更新日期：2011-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Before a deleterious DNA lesion can be replaced with its undamaged counterpart, the lesion must first be removed from the genome. This process of removing and replacing DNA lesions is accomplished by the careful coordination of several protein factors during DNA repair. One such factor is the multifunctional enzyme hu...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Whitaker AM,Freudenthal BD

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial MutS2 proteins, consisting of functional domains for ATPase, DNA-binding, and nuclease activities, play roles in DNA recombination and repair. Here we observe a mechanism for generating MutS2 expression diversity in the human pathogen Helicobacter pylori, and identify a unique MutS2 domain responsible for sp...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Wang G,Maier RJ

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Like many other cellular processes, regulation of the DNA damage response (DDR) is regulated at different levels, ranging from transcriptional control to an array of distinct post-translational modifications. Involvement of ubiquitylation and the ubiquitin proteasome system in adjusting DDR are such protein modificati...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Bergink S,Jaspers NG,Vermeulen W

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:p53 Binding protein 1 (53BP1) belongs to a family of evolutionarily conserved DNA damage checkpoint proteins with C-terminal BRCT domains and is most likely the human ortholog of the budding yeast Rad9 protein, the first cell cycle checkpoint protein to be described. 53BP1 localizes rapidly to sites of DNA double stra...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Mochan TA,Venere M,DiTullio RA Jr,Halazonetis TD

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Escherichia coli orf135 gene encodes a 15.4kDa protein with homology to the MutT family of nucleotide hydrolases. The orf135 gene was cloned within a glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion protein expression vector, which was used to overproduce the GST-Orf135 fusion protein in E. coli. The fusion protein thus obt...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Fujikawa K,Kasai H

更新日期：2002-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:All organisms rely on integrated networks to repair DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in order to preserve the integrity of the genetic information, to re-establish replication, and to ensure proper chromosomal segregation. Genetic, cytological, biochemical and structural approaches have been used to analyze how Bacillu...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Alonso JC,Cardenas PP,Sanchez H,Hejna J,Suzuki Y,Takeyasu K

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although correlative studies demonstrate a reduction in the expression of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease/redox effector factor (Ape1/Ref-1 or Ape1) in neural tissues after neuronal insult, the role of Ape1 in regulating neurotoxicity remains to be elucidated. To address this issue, we examined the effects of reduc...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Vasko MR,Guo C,Kelley MR

更新日期：2005-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are formed as byproducts of many endogenous cellular processes, in response to infections, and upon exposure to various environmental factors. An increase in RONS can saturate the antioxidation system and leads to oxidative stress. Consequently, macromolecules are targeted f...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Alnajjar KS,Sweasy JB

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The RAD52 gene is essential for homology-dependent repair of double-strand breaks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Rad52 forms complexes with Rad51, replication protein A (RPA) or Rad59 and its presence is essential for the formation of Rad51-Rad52-Rad59 and RPA-Rad52-Rad59 complexes. The N-terminal region of Rad52, which...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Davis AP,Symington LS

更新日期：2003-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used the recently determined crystal structures of Escherichia coli (E. coli) MutS, MutL and MutH to guide construction of 47 amino-acid substitutions in these proteins and analyzed their behavior in mismatch repair and recombination in vitro and in vivo. We find that the active site of the MutH endonuclease i...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Junop MS,Yang W,Funchain P,Clendenin W,Miller JH

更新日期：2003-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:RECQL5 is one of the five human RecQ helicases, involved in the maintenance of genomic integrity. While much insight has been gained into the function of the Werner (WRN) and Bloom syndrome proteins (BLM), little is known about RECQL5. We have analyzed the recruitment and retention dynamics of RECQL5 at laser-induced ...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Popuri V,Ramamoorthy M,Tadokoro T,Singh DK,Karmakar P,Croteau DL,Bohr VA

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular DNA is constantly challenged by damage-inducing factors derived from exogenous or endogenous sources. Thus, to protect against DNA damage, cells have evolved complex and finely regulated mechanisms collectively known as DNA-damage response (DDR). However, DNA repair in eukaryotes does not occur merely in nake...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Lagunas-Rangel FA

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The majority of the cells in the body, including stem cells, exist in a quiescent state, so it is in quiescent cells where most DNA damage occurs. It has been uncertain whether or not this damage is repaired or fixed into mutations during quiescence or if proliferation is required for both. Prior to the development of...

journal_title：DNA repair

authors： Bielas JH,Heddle JA

更新日期：2004-07-02 00:00:00