Abstract：
:Pregnant mothers are exposed to a wide variety of foreign chemicals. This exposure is most commonly due to maternal medication, lifestyle factors, such as smoking, drug abuse, and alcohol consumption, or occupational and environmental sources. Foreign compounds may interfere with placental functions at many levels e.g. signaling, production and release of hormones and enzymes, transport of nutrients and waste products, implantation, cellular growth and maturation, and finally, at the terminal phase of placental life, i.e. delivery. Placental responses may also be due to pharmaco-/toxicodynamic responses to foreign chemicals, e.g. hypoxia. On the other hand, placental xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes can detoxify or activate foreign chemicals, and transporters either enhance or prevent cellular accumulation and transfer across the placenta. The understanding of what xenobiotics do to the placenta and what the placenta does to the xenobiotics should provide the basis for the use of placenta as a tool to investigate and predict some aspects of developmental toxicity. This review aims to give an update of the fate and behavior of xenobiotics in the placenta from the viewpoint of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Their response levels will be described according to gestational status and methods used. The effects of foreign chemicals on placental metabolizing enzymes will be discussed. Also, interactions in the transporter protein level will be covered. The role of the placenta in contributing to developmental effects and fetotoxicity will be examined. The toxicological effects of maternal medications, smoking, and environmental exposures (dioxins, pesticides) as well as some possibilities for biomonitoring will be highlighted.
journal_name
Placentajournal_title
Placentaauthors
Myllynen P,Pasanen M,Pelkonen Odoi
10.1016/j.placenta.2004.09.006keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-05-01 00:00:00pages
361-71issue
5eissn
0143-4004issn
1532-3102pii
S0143-4004(04)00242-5journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
PLACENTA文献大全abstract：:Human parvovirus B19 (B19) infection during pregnancy can result in horizontal transmission of the virus and congenital infection. The main targets for B19 replication are the erythroid precursor cell of the colony and burst forming units. The cellular receptor necessary for B19 infectivity is globoside. Other non-ery...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/plac.2002.0843
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human placental fragments concentrate 86Rb 10--20-fold during a two-hour incubation period. Inhibition of ouabain is dose-dependent, reaching 90 + per cent at a concentration of 5 x 10(-5) M. The clearance index of 86Rb across the perfused human placenta is 0.34 +/- 0.08, comparing to previously reported indices for N...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0143-4004(83)80038-1
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Decidualization process involves the morphological and functional transformation of endometrial stromal cells into decidual cells. This is a finely regulated process, which involves proliferation and differentiation of stromal cells into decidual cells, which is followed by regression of the decidual tissue, mainly by...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2011.03.007
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs important for the regulation of mRNA in many organs including placenta. Adipokines and specifically leptin are known to be dysregulated in preeclampsia, but little is known regarding their regulation by miRNAs during pregnancy. METHODS:We performed high-throughput sequenci...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2014.07.002
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During pregnancy, changes in oxygen tension are essential for proper embryonic and placental development. Little is known about the mechanisms underlying mammalian cellular adaptations to changes in oxygen tension. Currently, we have explored putative mechanisms by which human trophoblast cells may sense oxygen. In or...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/plac.2002.0809
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Early placental development is characterised by rapid cell differentiation and migration, matrix remodelling and angiogenesis. The enzyme NAD(P)H oxidase is a major source of superoxide anions implicated in signalling pathways regulating these processes in other systems. It is also thought to be involved in oxygen sen...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2005.02.013
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paracellular pathways in the haemotrichorial placenta of the rat were studied by electron microscopy using lanthanum hydroxide as an electron dense marker. Near term placentae were dually perfused in situ, adding lanthanum to the fetal perfusate. In some placentae outflow pressure on the fetal side was elevated (betwe...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/plac.2000.0558
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies in primary human trophoblasts provide critical insights into placental function in normal and complicated pregnancies. Mechanistic studies in these cells require experimental tools to modulate gene expression. Lipid-based methods to transfect primary trophoblasts are fairly simple to use and allow for the effi...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2012.07.003
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The processes of proliferation, migration, and invasion of extravillous trophoblasts are critical for placental implantation and early development, and directly influence pregnancy outcome. Dysregulation of these processes has been associated with placental dysfunction, implicated in clinical conditions such as preecl...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2016.10.004
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperglycosylated hCG (hCG-H) is a glycosylation variant of the hormone hCG. Here we review all that is known about this independently functioning molecule. As discussed, it is a very different molecule to the hormone hCG. First, hCG-H is produced by cytotrophoblast cells while regular hCG is made in syncytiotrophobla...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2007.01.011
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human trophoblast research relies on a combination of in vitro models, including isolated primary cultures, explant cultures, and trophoblast cell lines. In the present study, we have utilized the rotating wall vessel (RWV) bioreactor to generate a three-dimensional (3-D) model of human placentation for the study of c...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2004.11.003
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endotheliochorial placentas occur in orders from all four major clades of eutherian mammal. Species with this type of placenta include one of the smallest (pygmy shrew) and largest (African elephant) land mammals. The endotheliochorial placenta as a definitive form has an interhemal area consisting of maternal endothe...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2012.02.008
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have illustrated the importance of placental drug transport proteins, such as P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in limiting fetal exposure to drugs and toxins. Moreover, increasing evidence supports a role for Pgp and BCRP in the normal development and physiological functi...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2010.02.010
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The aim of this study is to determine whether the gene expression and associated DNA methylation regulation of H19 and IGF2 are altered in placentas conceived by assisted reproductive technologies (ART) compared to natural conceptions. METHODS:113 pregnancies were recruited resulting in 119 placentas (83 ...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2015.08.008
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The placenta receives two arterial blood supplies, i.e. one maternal and one fetal. It has been suggested that placental infarction should occur only if both blood supplies are compromised (Wigglesworth, 1984). This hypothesis has not been tested. Haemosiderosis of the trophoblast basement membrane (TBMH) has recently...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/0143-4004(95)90005-5
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent demonstration of multiple high-affinity leucine-sensitive cationic transport systems prompted this investigation of their role in lysine uptake in basal cell membrane. Transport of lysine by basal membrane was saturable at both 22 and 37 degrees C and linear in time to 1 min and 30 sec, respectively. At 22 ...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0143-4004(97)90006-0
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Murine trophoblast stem (TS) cells express fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) and are maintained in their proliferative state by fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4). We show in this report that in the first trimester human placenta FGFR2 expression is similarly found in a subset of villous cytotrophoblast and i...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2005.03.006
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Placental pathology is a valuable link explaining how underlying pregnancy risk factors result in adverse pregnancy outcome. This potentially useful information is currently underutilized due to a general lack of rigor in placental diagnosis. This lack of rigor is in large part due to a failure to appreciate the impor...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type：
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2005.02.009
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Chronic villitis of unknown etiology (CVUE) and massive chronic intervillositis (MCI) are placental lesions associated with infiltration of mononuclear cells in the chorionic villi and the intervillous spaces, respectively. It is not well known whether immune cells in CVUE and MCI have similar phenotypic c...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2015.03.008
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Placentae from controls and two groups of diabetic women (one White classes A, B, C and the other classes D, F/R) were collected at 37-42 weeks of gestation. Tissue sections were analysed using stereological methods in order to quantify the growth and maturational status of villi. Birth and placental weights were reco...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0143-4004(05)80236-x
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human placental villi from both normal and complicated pregnancies were examined by both light and scanning electron microscopy. The findings provide evidence that histological features such as syncytial sprouts, bridges, and a net-like arrangement of villi represent tangential sections of irregularly shaped villi rat...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0143-4004(87)90047-6
更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Workshops are an important part of the IFPA annual meeting as they allow for discussion of specialised topics. At IFPA meeting 2013 there were twelve themed workshops, three of which are summarized in this report. These workshops related to various aspects of placental biology but collectively covered areas of placent...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type：
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2013.11.009
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The uptake of [3H]choline and its conversion to [3H]acetylcholine were investigated in term human placental tissue in vitro. Although the net uptake of [3H]choline increased throughout a 45 min incubation period, intracellular [3H]choline levels reach a plateau after 2 min. There was a constant increase in [3H]acetylc...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0143-4004(84)80036-3
更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Alcohol consumption is a common social practice among women of childbearing age. With 50% of pregnancies being unplanned, many embryos are exposed to alcohol prior to pregnancy recognition and formation of the placenta. The effects of periconceptional (PC) alcohol exposure on the placenta are unknown. MET...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2013.10.008
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interleukin (IL)-17 is a proinflammatory cytokine with pleiotropic activities including inducing neovascularization and production of proangiogenic molecules. As pregnancy outcome depends on the balance of Th1-like/Th2-like cytokines and an increased blood supply to the fetoplacental unit, the expression of IL-17 mRNA...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2006.01.016
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Accumulation of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) is prevalent in obesity, advanced maternal age, diabetes mellitus, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Alterations in the regulation and signaling of angiogenic pathways have been recognized as a link between these conditions and pre-eclampsia. To investigate the ...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2013.06.308
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The purpose of this study was to define gross patterns of umbilical cord hypercoiling and determine correlations with histological features in the placenta and/or perinatal outcomes such as stillbirth. METHODS:Gross images of placentas with hypercoiled umbilical cords (>3 coils/10 cm) were assigned a majo...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2013.04.002
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the first trimester of pregnancy the human placenta develops in an hypoxic environment caused by the occlusion of uterine spiral arterioles by extravillous trophoblasts (EVT). This period of low oxygen tension is crucial for successful pregnancy. In low oxygen environments, Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIF) are t...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2010.08.008
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eleven placentae and one fibroblast cell culture from pregnancies complicated by various inherited metabolic disorders, together with five chorionic villus biopsies from pregnancies at risk, were examined for ultrastructural evidence of accumulation of metabolites. Abnormal ultrastructural features were present as ear...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0143-4004(05)80215-2
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ovarian, endometrial and breast cancers are associated with several risk factors, such as low parity, infertility, early age at menarche, and late age at menopause. Frequently most of these risk factors coexist in infertile patients and some studies suggested that the different infertility causes can be involved in ca...
journal_title：Placenta
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.placenta.2008.08.007
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
